Metalurgija最新文献

{"title":"PENGARUH MATERIAL COUNTER ELECTRODE PADA DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELL","authors":"N. Nursam","doi":"10.14203/metalurgi.v34i3.489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/metalurgi.v34i3.489","url":null,"abstract":"Sel surya tersensitasi pewarna atau dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) merupakan sel surya generasi ketiga yang teknologinya sangat menjanjikan untuk  untuk menjadi alternatif sel surya berbasis silikon. DSSC umumnya memiliki dua bagian utama, yaitu working electrode (anoda) dan counter electrode (katoda). Counter electrode memiliki peran krusial pada DSSC, utamanya sebagai katalis untuk mempercepat reaksi reduksi-oksidasi pada elektrolit. Dengan demikian, pemilihan jenis material pada bagian counter electrode memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap performa DSSC secara keseluruhan. Platina merupakan salah satu material yang sangat umum digunakan pada counter electrode DSSC dikarenakan karakteristiknya yang hampir mendekati counter electrode ideal. Material counter electrode lain seperti karbon dan poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) juga digunakan sebagai alternatif counter electrode platina yang memiliki harga yang mahal dan persediaan terbatas. Dalam paper review ini akan dibahas mengenai berbagai usaha yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan performa DSSC menggunakan counter electrode platina, karbon dan PEDOT:PSS. Usaha tersebut meliputi peningkatan aktivitas katalis, konduktivitas, porositas, dan luas permukaan counter electrode. Beberapa penelitian telah membuktikan bahwa karbon dan PEDOT:PSS mampu menghasilkan performa DSSC yang mendekati dan bahkan melebihi counter electrode platina. Pengaruh variasi metode deposisi dan jenis komponen lain seperti fotoanoda, dye , dan elektrolit terhadap performa DSSC dengan counter electrode platina, karbon dan PEDOT:PSS juga dibahas dalam paper ini. Pemilihan material dan komponen DSSC yang sesuai, sangat penting dilakukan untuk menghasilkan sel surya dengan performa tinggi.","PeriodicalId":18462,"journal":{"name":"Metalurgija","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45526649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RANCANGAN PROSES MATERIAL AISI 4140 UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS DIFFUSER YANG AUS KARENA BEBAN EROSI","authors":"Beny Bandanadjaja, Dewi Idamayanti, Rinaldy Alviana Hanafi","doi":"10.14203/metalurgi.v34i3.485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/metalurgi.v34i3.485","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18462,"journal":{"name":"Metalurgija","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42747543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"cover, daftar isi, abstrak vol 34 Des 2019","authors":"Lia Andriyah","doi":"10.14203/metalurgi.v34i3.553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/metalurgi.v34i3.553","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18462,"journal":{"name":"Metalurgija","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46174710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Argentina de pie: un análisis del afiche del Frente de todos","authors":"Ricardo J. A. Ercolalo","doi":"10.24215/24516643E020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24215/24516643E020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18462,"journal":{"name":"Metalurgija","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68798451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Música de \"Narcos\": estereotipos de \"lo latinoamericano\"","authors":"M. Ferrari","doi":"10.24215/24516643E018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24215/24516643E018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18462,"journal":{"name":"Metalurgija","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68798441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leakage Investigation on a Fired Heater Tube of a Petroleum Refinery due to Carburization","authors":"D. N. Adnyana","doi":"10.14203/metalurgi.v34i2.488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/metalurgi.v34i2.488","url":null,"abstract":"The fired heater of a petroleum processing refinery leaks in one of the convection tubes. The tube is made of ASTM A-106 Gr.B. Process fluid in the tube is xylene with a design pressure of 15.8 kg/cm²g and design temperature of 299 °C (at the inlet) and 405 °C (at the outlet). This study aims to determine the type and causes and the mechanism of leakage in the tube. A number of tests have been carried out including visual inspection and  macroscopic analysis, chemical analysis, metallographic and hardness testing, and SEM (scanning electron microscopy) analysis which is equipped with EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy). The results obtained showed that the leak that occurred in the convection tube was caused by carburization and metal dusting. Carburization occurs in the inner walls of the tube that experience some localized overheating due to the formation of coke deposits. AbstrakDapur pemanas pada sebuah kilang pengolahan minyak bumi mengalami kebocoran pada salah satu pipa konveksi. Pipa tersebut terbuat dari baja karbon rendah jenis ASTM A-106 Gr.B. Cairan proses di dalam pipa adalah xylene dengan tekanan desain 15,8 kg/cm²g dan suhu desain yaitu 299 °C (pada saluran masuk) dan 405 °C (pada saluran keluar). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan jenis dan faktor penyebab serta mekanisme terjadi kebocoran pada pipa tersebut. Sejumlah pengujian telah dilakukan meliputi pemeriksaan visual dan makroskopik, analisa kimia, pengujian metalografi dan kekerasan, serta analisa SEM (scanning electron microscopy) yang dilengkapi dengan EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy). Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa kebocoran yang terjadi pada pipa konveksi disebabkan oleh karburisasi dan pembentukan debu/serbuk logam. Karburisasi terjadi pada dinding bagian dalam pipa yang mengalami panas berlebih secara lokal akibat terbentuknya endapan kokas.","PeriodicalId":18462,"journal":{"name":"Metalurgija","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46523562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Penggunaan Metode Free Settler Pada Proses Perhitungan Ukuran Butiran Magnesium Karbonat Menggunakan Persamaan Stokes [Study of Magnesium Carbonate Particle Size Measurement from Carbonation Process with Free Settler Method]","authors":"A. Priyanti","doi":"10.14203/metalurgi.v34i2.473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/metalurgi.v34i2.473","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18462,"journal":{"name":"Metalurgija","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45091090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SIFAT MEKANIK DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO PADUAN MAGNESIUM BERPORI DENGAN VARIASI KOMPOSISI AGEN PENGEMBANG DAN TEMPERATUR SINTER UNTUK APLIKASI IMPLAN MAMPU LURUH","authors":"Aprilia Erryani","doi":"10.14203/metalurgi.v34i2.469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/metalurgi.v34i2.469","url":null,"abstract":"Implan Magnesium berpori memiliki potensi yang besar sebagai aplikasi scaffold berdasarkan sifat mampu luruh, biocompetible dan sifat mekaniknya yang mendekati tulang manusia. Kombinasi Mg dan Sr dalam implan dapat membantu mempercepat proses penyembuhan tulang. Optimalisasi parameter untuk membuat logam berpori dengan SrCO 3 sebagai foaming agent adalah dengan melakukan variasi temperatur sintering 650, 675 dan 700°C dengan waktu tahan konstan selama 3 jam serta komposisi %berat SrCO 3 pada 5, 10 dan 20. Karakterisasi struktur mikro paduan Mg dilakukan dengan menggunakan scanning electron microscope (SEM), persebaran unsur dilakukan dengan mapping EDS dan juga x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Dilakukan pengujian tekan untuk mengetahui nilai kekuatan paduan serta %porositas dengan metode Archimedes. Porositas tertinggi Mg didapat pada 20% berat SrCO 3 pada temperatur sinter 700°C, yaitu 29,63% porositas, serta kekuatan kompresi 283,28 MPa pada 5% berat SrCO 3 pada temperature sinter 700°C. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur pori serta sifat mekanik yang dihasilkan mendekati kesesuaian dengan cortical bone dan consellous bone .","PeriodicalId":18462,"journal":{"name":"Metalurgija","volume":"34 1","pages":"61-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46481477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduksi Bijih Besi Lampung Memanfaatkan Reduktor Gas Produser Model Hasil Gasifikasi Biomassa [Reduction of Lampung Iron Ore Using Producer Gas Model Reductor]","authors":"S. Suharto","doi":"10.14203/metalurgi.v34i2.441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/metalurgi.v34i2.441","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18462,"journal":{"name":"Metalurgija","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48286597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performa Korosi Baja Karbon Pada Uji Simulasi Pipa Untuk Sistem Saluran Air Pendingin [Corrosion Performance of Carbon Steel in Pipe Simulation Test for Cooling Water Systems]","authors":"A. Royani","doi":"10.14203/metalurgi.v34i2.468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14203/metalurgi.v34i2.468","url":null,"abstract":"The main problem in cooling water systems in geothermal power plant units is supported by corrosion, deposits, and slime. Corrosion can shorten the life of cooling water system equipment due to a decrease in operating efficiency, leakage, and pollution. These problems, occur very complex and many causes. On the other hand, most cooling water systems in the industry contain carbon steel components that are easily corroded. To determine the value of the corrosion rate of carbon steel in a geothermal power plant, a simulation test using an open recirculating system was carried out. The simulation process is done by an interval test method and based on NACE RP0775 standard. The corrosion rate of those steel was determined by weight loss method. The Morphology of surface and composition of corrosion products are characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The corrosion rate values of carbon steel from the simulation results for 1, 3 and 4 weeks were 2.29 mmpy; 1.23 mmpy; and 0.93 mmpy, respectively. There is a decrease in the corrosion rate of the simulation time is extended, because of passive film layers on the steel surface. Meanwhile, the most dominant water parameters in this simulation are dissolved oxygen (DO). The change of DO greatly affect the corrosion rate of carbon steel. Based on the product morphology of corrosion, corrosion attacks occur locally. Corrosion products form oxide compounds in the form of Fe 3 O 4 , FeOOH, and Fe 2 O 3 . Abstrak Masalah utama dalam sistem pendingin air dalam unit pembangkit listrik panas bumi meliputi korosi, deposit dan slime (lendir). Korosi dapat memperpendek umur pakai peralatan sistem pendingin air karena mengakibatkan penurunan efisiensi operasi, kebocoran dan polusi. Masalah-masalah tersebut sangat komplek dan banyak faktor penyebabnya. Di sisi lain, sebagian besar sistem air pendingin di industri mengandung komponen baja karbon yang mudah terkorosi. Untuk mengetahui nilai laju korosi baja karbon pada unit pembangkit listrik panas bumi, maka dilakukan uji simulasi menggunakan sistem resirkulasi air terbuka pada temperatur 37 °C. Proses simulasi dilakukan dengan metode interval test dan berdasarkan standar NACE RP0775. Laju korosi baja tersebut diukur dengan metode pengurangan berat. Morfologi permukaan dan komposisi produk korosi dikarakterisasi menggunakan SEM ( scanning electron microscopy ), XRD ( x-ray diffract ion ) dan EDS ( energy dispersive spectroscopy ). Nilai laju korosi baja karbon hasil uji simulasi selama 1, 3 dan 4 minggu masing-masing sebesar 2,29 mmpy; 1,23 mmpy; dan 0,93 mmpy. Terjadi penurunan laju korosi jika waktu simulasi diperpanjang akibat terbentuknya lapisan produk korosi pada permukaan baja. Sementara itu, parameter air yang paling menentukan laju korosi adalah DO (dissolved oxygen). Perubahan DO sangat mempengaruhi kecepatan laju korosi. Berdasarkan morfologi produk korosi, serangan korosi ter","PeriodicalId":18462,"journal":{"name":"Metalurgija","volume":"34 1","pages":"49-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43764772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}