IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Metals Pub Date : 2024-08-11 DOI: 10.3390/met14080910

Biwen Yang, Bo Song, Liang Chen, Honghong Sun, Derek O. Northwood, Kristian E. Waters, Hao Ma

引用次数: 0

Detrimental Effects of βo-Phase on Practical Properties of TiAl Alloys β相对钛铝合金实际性能的有害影响

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Metals Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/met14080908

Toshimitsu Tetsui, Kazuhiro Mizuta

{"title":"Detrimental Effects of βo-Phase on Practical Properties of TiAl Alloys","authors":"Toshimitsu Tetsui, Kazuhiro Mizuta","doi":"10.3390/met14080908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/met14080908","url":null,"abstract":"The TNM alloy, a βo-phase-containing TiAl alloy, has been withdrawn from use as a last-stage turbine blade in commercial jet engines as it suffered frequent impact fractures in service, raising doubts regarding the necessity of the βo-phase in practical TiAl alloys. Here, we evaluate the practical properties required for jet engine blades for various TiAl alloys and investigate the effects of the βo-phase thereupon. First, we explore the influence of the βo-phase content on the impact resistance and machinability for forged Ti–43.5Al–xCr and cast Ti–46.0Al–xCr alloys; the properties deteriorate significantly at increasing βo-phase contents. Subsequently, two practical TiAl alloys—TNM alloy and TiAl4822—were prepared with and without the βo-phase by varying the heat treatment temperature for the former and the Cr concentration for the latter. In addition to impact resistance and machinability, the creep strength is significantly reduced by the presence of the βo-phase. Overall, these findings suggest that the βo-phase is an undesirable phase in practical TiAl alloys, especially those used for jet engine blades, because, although the disordered β-phase is soft at high temperatures, it changes to significantly more brittle and harder βo-phase after cooling.","PeriodicalId":18461,"journal":{"name":"Metals","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Inclusion Parameter and Depth on the Rotating Bending Fatigue Behavior of Bearing Steel 夹杂参数和深度对轴承钢旋转弯曲疲劳行为的影响

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Metals Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/met14080907

Lijun Xu, Zhonghua Zhan, Shulan Zhang

{"title":"Influence of Inclusion Parameter and Depth on the Rotating Bending Fatigue Behavior of Bearing Steel","authors":"Lijun Xu, Zhonghua Zhan, Shulan Zhang","doi":"10.3390/met14080907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/met14080907","url":null,"abstract":"Inclusions are an important parameter affecting the fatigue life of materials. In this paper, the type, size, and quantity of inclusions in bearing steel were quantitatively analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and automatic scanning electron microscopy with an X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy function. The effects of the inclusion parameters and positions on the rotating bending fatigue properties were analyzed using the rotating bending fatigue test. The results proved that for samples 1 and 2, the inclusions were mainly sulfides, Ti-containing inclusions, and their composite inclusions. For samples 3 and 4, the inclusions were mainly oxides or sulfide–oxide complexes. The number and maximum size of inclusions in sample 2 were relatively small. This was mainly due to the difference in the content of Al, S, and Ca elements in the different samples. The inclusion distance to the surface and the maximum inclusion size had a larger influence on the rotating bending fatigue life in comparison to the inclusion type. Moreover, nitride–oxides had a more detrimental effect on the rotating bending fatigue life as compared to the sulfide–oxide complex inclusions. A model was established on the basis of the inclusion size, depth, and stress by using the Python software. The simulation demonstrated that using five parameters fit well with the experiment results.","PeriodicalId":18461,"journal":{"name":"Metals","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Si Addition in NiCrAl Coating on Corrosion in Molten Nitrate Salt 在 NiCrAl 涂层中添加硅对熔融硝酸盐腐蚀的影响

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Metals Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/met14080902

Thamrongsin Siripongsakul, Patchaporn Kettrakul, Noparat Kanjanaprayut, Piyorose Promdirek

{"title":"Effect of Si Addition in NiCrAl Coating on Corrosion in Molten Nitrate Salt","authors":"Thamrongsin Siripongsakul, Patchaporn Kettrakul, Noparat Kanjanaprayut, Piyorose Promdirek","doi":"10.3390/met14080902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/met14080902","url":null,"abstract":"The materials used in concentrating solar power (CSP) systems are becoming of interest because of the high energy efficiency of energy storage. Molten salts can be used as both heat-storage media and heat-transfer fluid in a CSP system. In molten salts, steel alloys used in vessels and pipelines are highly vulnerable to hot corrosion. To protect steel alloys, applying a coating is an excellent strategy to extend the life of the alloy. NiCrAl coatings are well-suited for high-temperature environments. The purpose of this study was to investigate the corrosion behavior of NiCrAl with Si addition coatings on AISI304 in molten salt. NiCrAl coatings with and without Si addition were deposited using the high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) technique. The corrosion test was performed using an immersion test in modified solar salt with 0.5% NaCl at 400–600 °C. Gravimetric methods evaluate the weight change for immersion tests. At 400 °C, an increased amount of weight gain due to the oxidation reaction and molten salt infiltration was observed. At 600 °C, the corrosion reaction was more dominant, and apparent oxidation was decreased; however, oxidation products NiO and sodium aluminum silicate were detected. Si addition supports the formation of the protective oxide sodium aluminum silicate, which inhibits molten salt oxidation reaction and molten salt infiltration.","PeriodicalId":18461,"journal":{"name":"Metals","volume":"15 Suppl 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phase Mapping Using a Combination of Multi-Functional Scanning Electron Microscopy Detectors and Imaging Modes 利用多功能扫描电子显微镜探测器和成像模式组合进行相位绘图

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Metals Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.3390/met14080899

Gang Liu, Yonghua Zhao, Shuai Wang

引用次数: 0

Optimizing Tempering Parameters to Enhance Precipitation Behavior and Impact Toughness in High-Nickel Steel 优化回火参数以增强高镍钢的析出行为和冲击韧性

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Metals Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.3390/met14080898

Guojin Sun, Qi Wang

引用次数: 0

A Comprehensive Review of Laser Powder Bed Fusion in Jewelry: Technologies, Materials, and Post-Processing with Future Perspective 激光粉末床融合在珠宝首饰中的应用综述：技术、材料和后处理及未来展望

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Metals Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.3390/met14080897

Geethapriyan Thangamani, Stefano Felicioni, Elisa Padovano, Sara Biamino, Mariangela Lombardi, Daniele Ugues, Paolo Fino, Federica Bondioli

{"title":"A Comprehensive Review of Laser Powder Bed Fusion in Jewelry: Technologies, Materials, and Post-Processing with Future Perspective","authors":"Geethapriyan Thangamani, Stefano Felicioni, Elisa Padovano, Sara Biamino, Mariangela Lombardi, Daniele Ugues, Paolo Fino, Federica Bondioli","doi":"10.3390/met14080897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/met14080897","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, additive manufacturing (AM) has played a significant role in various fashion industries, especially the textile and jewelry manufacturing sectors. This review article delves deeply into the wide range of methods and materials used to make intricately designed jewelry fabrication using the additive manufacturing (AM) process. The Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) process is examined for its suitability in achieving complex design and structural integrity in jewelry fabrication even with respect to powder metallurgy methods. Moreover, the review explores the use of precious materials, such as gold, silver, copper, platinum, and their alloys in additive manufacturing. Processing precious materials is challenging due to their high reflectivity and thermal conductivity, which results in poor densification and mechanical properties. To address this issue, the review article proposes three different strategies: (i) adding alloying elements, (ii) coating powder particles, and (iii) using low-wavelength lasers (green or blue). Finally, this review examines crucial post-processing techniques to improve surface quality, robustness, and attractiveness. To conclude, this review emphasizes the potential of combining additive manufacturing (AM) with traditional craftsmanship for creating jewelry, exploring the potential future directions and developments in the field of additive manufacturing (AM) for jewelry fabrication.","PeriodicalId":18461,"journal":{"name":"Metals","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of Irradiation Hardening and Effectiveness of Post-Irradiation Annealing on the Recovery of Tensile Properties of VVER-1000 Realistic Welds Irradiated in the LYRA-10 Experiment 辐照淬火和辐照后退火对恢复在 LYRA-10 试验中辐照的 VVER-1000 实际焊缝拉伸性能的效果的研究

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Metals Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI: 10.3390/met14080887

Mathilde Laot, Viviam Marques Pereira, Theo Bakker, Elio d’Agata, Oliver Martin, Murthy Kolluri

{"title":"Investigation of Irradiation Hardening and Effectiveness of Post-Irradiation Annealing on the Recovery of Tensile Properties of VVER-1000 Realistic Welds Irradiated in the LYRA-10 Experiment","authors":"Mathilde Laot, Viviam Marques Pereira, Theo Bakker, Elio d’Agata, Oliver Martin, Murthy Kolluri","doi":"10.3390/met14080887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/met14080887","url":null,"abstract":"Assessing the embrittlement and hardening of reactor pressure vessel steels is critical for the extension of the service lifetime of nuclear power plants. This paper summarises the tensile test results on the irradiation behaviour of realistic VVER-1000 welds from the STRUMAT-LTO project. The welds were irradiated at the HFR (Petten, the Netherlands) to a fluence of up to 1.087 × 1020 n·cm−2, and their irradiation hardening was studied by means of tensile testing. The four grades, with different Mn and Ni contents, show different hardening behaviours. The highest degree of irradiation hardening is observed for the weld that has the highest combined Ni + Mn content. The results show that there is a synergetic effect of Mn and Ni on the irradiation hardening behaviour of the VVER-1000 welds. Besides irradiation hardening, the effectiveness of post-irradiation annealing treatments on the recovery of the tensile properties is studied in the present work. Post-irradiation annealing treatments conducted at 418 °C and at 475 °C proved to be effective for three of the four investigated welds. For the realistic weld with the highest combined Ni + Mn, only the annealing at 475 °C led to the complete recovery of the tensile properties.","PeriodicalId":18461,"journal":{"name":"Metals","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Corrosion on Tensile Properties of a Mg Alloy in a Finite Element Model of a Coronary Artery Stent Coupled with Geometry Optimization 冠状动脉支架有限元模型中腐蚀对镁合金拉伸性能的影响以及几何优化

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Metals Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.3390/met14080885

Inês V. Gomes, José L. Alves, Hélder Puga

{"title":"Impact of Corrosion on Tensile Properties of a Mg Alloy in a Finite Element Model of a Coronary Artery Stent Coupled with Geometry Optimization","authors":"Inês V. Gomes, José L. Alves, Hélder Puga","doi":"10.3390/met14080885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/met14080885","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the influence of corrosion-induced deterioration of the tensile properties of a Mg-1 wt.% Ca alloy on the performance of a coronary artery stent model fabricated using the alloy wire. Finite element analysis was used to determine the change in various characteristics of the model when immersed in a biosimulation aqueous solution (Earle’s Balanced Salt Solution). Results from tensile tests on wires fabricated from the alloy (non-treated versus ultrasound-assisted casting (US)) were used as input to a shape optimisation study of the stent, which aimed at reducing stent strut thickness and minimising corrosion-related parameters such as equivalent plastic strain and residual stress. For each of the characteristics, it was found that the US treatment produced a more desirable result compared to the stents modelled using non-treated material data; for example, the decrease in strut thickness, equivalent plastic strain, and residual stress were each markedly greater, while keeping the stent’s functionality. These results suggest that US-treated Mg-1 wt./wt.% Ca alloy may be promising for fabricating biodegradable coronary artery stents.","PeriodicalId":18461,"journal":{"name":"Metals","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141881817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Challenges and Advances in Recycling/Re-Using Powder for Metal 3D Printing: A Comprehensive Review 金属三维打印粉末回收/再利用的挑战与进展：全面回顾

IF 2.9 3区材料科学

Metals Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.3390/met14080886

Alex Lanzutti, Elia Marin

引用次数: 0

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