Культура и искусство最新文献

{"title":"The Ratio of Content and Entertainment in the Operas of Giacomo Meyerbeer","authors":"D. Popov","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2022.10.39004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2022.10.39004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The object of the study is the work of the French composer of the XIX century Giacomo Meyerbeer, the subject of the study is the informative and entertaining components of his work. The most famous works of the famous maestro are used for analysis: \"Robert the Devil\", \"Huguenots\", \"The Prophet\", \"Dinora\". The author examines the ratio of \"meaningful\" and \"entertaining\" components in the dramatic and musical construction of the opera from the viewpoint of the traditional art of the XIX century installation \"Entertaining - to teach!\". The aim of the study is to correct the thesis about entertainment as the main drawback of Meyerbeer's operas, since all works of stage art, including his contemporaries, cannot do without an entertainment component. The main conclusion of the study is that the meaningful, instructive side in Meyerbeer's works is formally preserved, which, at first glance, makes the reproaches of his critics meaningless. However, upon closer examination, it turns out that the content of the operas is emasculated, reduced to the level of platitudes and cliches, becomes contradictory and even ridiculous, while the entertainment side is strengthened and becomes the leading one. Thus, the reproach of entertainment against Meyerbeer should be corrected: their defect is not that they entertain, but that they lose a meaningful component. This model of the ratio of entertainment and content will later be used by modern mass art.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115603482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new look at the history of modernization of Belarusian cymbals. Problems of production, training of craftsmen and the quality of tools.","authors":"Tatsiana Aleksandrovna Krasnabayeva","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2022.10.36665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2022.10.36665","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article chronologically presents historical information about the modernization of Belarusian cymbals in the context of the fate of innovators. The problem of transition to an industrial society is raised on the example of the production of cymbals and gender changes in the field of cymbal art. The influence of the socio-political environment on cultural processes in society is investigated. The origins of the quality problem of the Belarusian musical instrument cymbal are analyzed. The problem of professional education of masters of musical instruments, in particular, masters of manufacturers of the Belarusian folk instrument cymbals, is raised. The article examines the experience of other countries in training masters and conducting professional skill contests among musical instrument manufacturers. Previously unknown archival documents revealing tragic secrets, white spots of the biographies of Zhinovich and Sushkevich have been studied. The dogma about the merits of Joseph Zhinovich, well-established in the circle of specialists, is being questioned. It is concluded that the first stage of the modernization of cymbals is revolutionary, much more significant than the subsequent refinement. Historical justice is being restored in relation to the authors of the first stage of modernization – Zakhar and Sushkevich. For the first time, the focus of the study shifts from the cymbalists of teachers, performers, repertoire, teaching methods to the quality of instruments and the education of masters. It is proposed to adopt the experience of neighboring countries in holding competitions for masters who make cymbals in order to improve the quality of the instrument.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116321727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of the Cat in the Art and Culture of Japan","authors":"D. N. Belova","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2022.10.38889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2022.10.38889","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article is devoted to the interaction and transformation of a mythological, mystical creature (cat) with a female image in Japanese painting. The subject of the study is the images of cats and women on scrolls and engravings of the XVIII-XX centuries. Attention is focused on the modern mythological aspect of Japanese culture. The aesthetic canons of beauty perception in the context of the national culture of Japan, based on Shintoism and Buddhism, are emphasized. Comparative historical and iconographic research methods were used in the analysis of cultural, philosophical and art-historical scientific materials. The relevance of the topic is due to the revival of interest in the mythological heritage of Japan, the transformation of mythological images and their feminization in modern popular culture. The novelty of the research lies in the comparative analysis of female images and mythological images of cats in Japanese classical painting and modern kawaii culture, based on the philosophical and aesthetic traditions of Japan. The novelty of the research lies in the comparative analysis of female images and mythological images of cats in Japanese classical painting and modern kawaii culture, based on the philosophical and aesthetic traditions of Japan. An attempt is made to compare the mythological images of cats and female images in both traditional and modern artistic images. It is concluded that national traditions and mentality are of great importance for the evaluation of Japanese mythological images, despite the historical period of time. Of particular importance is the perception of female images in kawaii, due to the aesthetic and religious foundations of Japanese society, given that the myth is firmly embedded in popular culture. It is emphasized that the kawaii culture is an independent aesthetic phenomenon.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132764052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vietnamese Cult of the Tutelary Spirits (Thành Hoàng) and its Place in the Vietnamese Folk Religion","authors":"E. Gordienko","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2022.10.38939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2022.10.38939","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article discusses the cult of the tutelary spirits (thành hoàng) in Vietnam. These are spirits venerated as patrons of villages, rural communities and urban areas in Vietnam are expected to protect area against calamities, disasters, epidemics, wars, etc. These are mythical, historical and pseudo-historical characters who have merits to the area and its inhabitants. The veneration of them is rooted in the traditional culture. It is an integral part of the Vietnamese folk religion (tín ngưỡng dân gian Việt Nam). The spirits of the area are included in the pantheon of numerous deities and spirits (thần) worshipped by the Vietnamese nowadays despite the anti-religious policy of the Communist Party of Vietnam (in the second half of the 20th century). The article describes the main features of the Vietnamese folk religion, which is the context in which the thành hoàng cult still exists, describes the role of the cult and its connections with other phenomena of the Vietnamese folk religion. Our comparison of the thành hoàng cult with similar cults of neighboring peoples allows to identify the influence of alien religious and philosophical systems - Taoism, Confucianism, Buddhism, Christianity, ideologies of the 20th century. This comparative analysis allows to reconstruct the origins and milestones in the development of the thành hoàng cult. The cult has not previously been studied by Soviet and Russian orientalists. I propose the first systematic description of the cult, its place in the Vietnamese religious system and its origins.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128316161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A. Bogdanov's Novels: Utopia or Artistic Reflection of the Future Sociality and Dilemmas of the Author's Personality?","authors":"V. Rozin","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2022.10.38929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2022.10.38929","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article offers the author's reconstruction of two novels and partly the life of Alexander Bogdanov. In terms of methodology, the author relies on the studies of art and his works published by him, which include three main plans - an analysis of the sphere of art, artistic communication and the artistic reality of the work. The study opens with the formulation of problems: the genre of novels is called into question as a utopia (the author believes that it is rather a social projection in the form of a work of art), the actions of the characters are incomprehensible, it is not clear why Bogdanov builds the plot so paradoxically. To resolve these problems, the author turns to the personality of Bogdanov, shows its duality: on the one hand, the desire for power and leaderism, on the other hand, the denial of these values and switching to scientific and teaching activities. This approach allows building a plausible, from the point of view of the author, reconstruction of the artistic reality of the novels and its events. At the same time, the author distinguishes two types of events in artistic reality. The first type is events that line up in response to a completely conscious problem or task. The second type does not imply an awareness of the problem facing the artist (it can only be felt as a vague dissatisfaction or desire), and there is no clear understanding of the way to solve this problem. The proposed reconstruction also makes it possible to explain some features of the evolution of Bogdanov himself: a break with Lenin and the Bolshevik leadership, the rejection of leaderism, switching to the construction of the science of \"Tectology\".\u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128945348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Philosophical aspects of the modern religious worldview","authors":"A. Usachev","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2022.9.35868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2022.9.35868","url":null,"abstract":"The object of the research is one of the most important issues today - the structural relations of the scientific and philosophical spheres and religion, since new communicative and ontological possibilities have appeared. The subject of the study is the separation of science, philosophy and religion, which in Modern times could not destroy the belief in a single source of knowledge, which became an organizing principle, uniting the disparate data of experimental science, which required a single goal-setting and moral attitude, justifying the meaning of the search for new types of being of matter and phenomena of consciousness. The research is organized in accordance with the structural and functional method, which allows us to correlate various disciplines of philosophy and religious knowledge with each other. The purpose of the study is the question of the relationship of philosophy and religion in modern Russian self-consciousness, based on the attitudes of philosophical thinking and religious worldview. History shows that the thesis that scientific progress will contribute to the fact that the religious worldview will be leveled does not find support in reality. Historical fractures lead to the strengthening of religion in self-consciousness, and raises the question of the relationship between philosophical thinking and religious worldview in a new way.The objectives of this study are: to prove the position that religion can be called one of the modern modes of consciousness; to show how the philosophical attitude to reality enters into a dialogue with religion with a new force – it is forced to self-determine in relation to the mythological and intuitive religious worldview; the relationship of philosophical thinking and religious worldview gives rise to new meanings which must be taken into account in modern philosophizing.The scientific novelty of the research is that the syncretic type of thinking is shown on the example of Russian religious philosophy, which activates the philosophical understanding of the world and elements of the religious picture of the world.","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128034709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kurnaya Hut: Architectural and Design Features and Interior (on the Example of Tretyakov's House-yard, village Gar, Kargopolsky district)","authors":"Anna B. Permilovskaya, Alyona Gerasimova, A. Usov","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2022.9.38783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2022.9.38783","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Russian North is part of its territory, where monuments of wooden architecture are preserved to this day. One of the districts of the North is Kargopolye, whose architectural traditions date back to the high carpentry culture of Ancient Novgorod. Local buildings are an example of traditional wooden construction, a treasure trove of knowledge about the customs, culture and history of the Russian people. In the wooden monuments of Kargopolya, not only the accumulated experience of Russian masters is visible, but also the very spirit of the splendor of northern wooden architecture. The subject of the study is the architectural and structural features and the traditional interior of the Tretyakov house–yard (currently part of the exposition of the Museum of Wooden Architecture \"Small Korely\") as an example of a peasant Kurnaya hut in Kargopol. The article is based on the materials of expeditionary research by A. B. Permilovskaya (1984, 2006) – settlements and monuments of folk architecture of the Kargopolsky district of the Arkhangelsk region with the implementation of photofixation and schematic measurements; analysis of archival documents, interviews with residents of the Kargopolsky district. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the introduction into scientific circulation of new archival sources and field materials on the traditional culture of the Russian North. As a result, an analysis of the architectural and design features of chicken huts was carried out, the value of the furnace \"in black\" for Kargopol was revealed. M. A. Tretyakov's house-complex is of interest, because it contains a kind of \"architectural code\" for understanding the features of the construction of Kurnaya huts. The results of the study show that M. A. Tretyakov's house-yard is a monument of wooden architecture that has preserved the original design solutions, the layout of the premises. The Kurnaya hut has preserved the archaic device of the furnace \"in black\", the household items associated with it, as well as the original interior. Thanks to this, the modern exposition of the house reflects the real life of the Kargopol mid XIX century peasant life.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"5 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131436345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Technology in Modern Culture: methodological reconstruction of philosophical approaches","authors":"N. Popkova","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2022.9.36099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2022.9.36099","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of the research is philosophical approaches to the analysis of technology reflecting the understanding of technology in modern culture. The problematization of technology occurs in connection with the desire of people to control it, reducing the determinism of their lives by external forces. To explain the connection between technology and man, numerous philosophical approaches have been proposed — systems of views expressing a certain way of seeing and based on basic concepts (reflecting the main aspects of the subject of research). Depending on the properties attributed to the technique and the goals of study, these approaches offer various forms of its awareness and practical development. At the existing level of philosophical knowledge, these concepts are not systematized and not coordinated; implied assumptions are not formulated openly, the main problems and prerequisites of the study, the factors taken into account, the meaning of the terms used are not always explicitly stated.   The author comes to the conclusion that the analysis of these approaches with the help of logical reconstruction will bring the greatest methodological benefit: the identification of philosophical concepts (including the articulation of unconscious ideas), their comparison and analysis of methodological foundations (identification of the principles underlying them). It is concluded that the following have the greatest potential for research: a socio-natural approach analyzing nature and human society (generating technology) as steps of a single ladder of evolution having common laws of functioning; a sociotechnological approach considering socio-cultural and technical practices as generated by the communication environment; a biotechnological approach exploring natural and technical systems as successive stages of the evolution of the Universe, not taking into account the subjective factor of technology development. As a result, developing a philosophy of technology that combines all the diversity of these approaches and explains their mutual correspondence, we will analyze the anthropological foundations of technical activity.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126139537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The experience of understanding the essence of art and artistic creativity (considering S.S. Neretina's study of Goethe's tragedy \"Faust\")","authors":"V. Rozin","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2022.9.38590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2022.9.38590","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article does not discuss Neretina's reconstruction of \"Faust\", but mainly her ideas about artistic creativity and art. At the same time, the author first briefly summarizes Svetlana Sergeevna's views on these issues. The author's poems are used as empirical material for presenting his own concept of art. The author separates the artistic reality in which events are set, and the means (words, sentences) that allow to pass into this reality. It is proposed to reconstruct the process of composing the presented poem by the author, including the adjustment to creativity, the formation of the idea and concept of the work, the implementation of the planned scenario, coordination and strengthening of all poetic constructions.   The representations that were used in the construction of this poem can be divided into two classes: some (expressive means and script) belonged to culture, and others (artistic images, themes, words and sentences) are the result of the author's creativity. The question of how a person can fully live in an artistic reality, what kind of form of existence it is, is considered. The main thing here is the formation of the reality of art, its events and objectivity. In the process of this formation, awareness and rationing of art plays an important role. It is discussed why in previous cultures it was possible to attribute stable characteristics to the reality of art (imitation, expression, the beautiful, the sublime, classicism, romanticism, etc.), but in our culture it no longer works and postmodernism rules the ball. In conclusion, the author touches on the communicative and social aspects of art.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133133450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Culture of Choice considered Through Cultural Studies","authors":"Iuliia Vladimirovna Kalaikova, M. Pankina","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2022.9.38842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2022.9.38842","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article deals with modern cultural studies of choice, carried out within the framework of a pragmatic turn, a turn to the material, modern critical theory. It is shown that an independent field of cultural studies of choice is outlined, however, due to the complexity of the object for such developments, the fragmentation of the methods and approaches used is specific. To concretize and develop socio-cultural ideas about choice, we propose a specific conceptual construction — the concept of \"culture of choice\", which has its own internal structure. In the structure of the \"culture of choice\" we have identified two components: subjective and environmental. The subjective component is understood as cultural values internalized by the individual, norms, rules, principles that guide the subject when making a choice, as well as the subject’s culturally conditioned memory of the past and foresight of the future. The environmental component represents the features of the environment in which the individual makes a choice, information about the alternatives of choice that is currently incoming, as well as the tools and mechanisms of the environment that the subject uses when making a choice.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123906384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}