Культура и искусство最新文献

{"title":"\"Vesy\" magazine as an indicator of the maturity of Russian Symbolism","authors":"Valeriia Dmitrievna Riabchenko-Shats","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2023.4.40395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2023.4.40395","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 “Vesy” magazine has become an extremely important milestone on the path of self–knowledge of Russian symbolism - its pages have captured the final design of the main principles and methods of this literary and cultural movement. However, the cultural discourse on the pages of the magazine, despite popular belief, was not homogeneous and static. Having marked the strengthening of symbolism as an important phenomenon in art and public life, “Vesy” magazine at the same time became a platform for discussions about the crisis of symbolism that was brewing at the beginning of the XX century, reflecting completely different stages of the development of this trend. The subject of this research is the journalistic materials published on the pages of “Vesy”, the object of the work was the evolution of the ideas of symbolism reflected in selected materials. With the help of discourse analysis, it became possible to study the most important stages of the development of symbolist discourse, which is the purpose of this work. The analysis of the journalistic materials of the magazine showed that “Vesy” failed to remain within its original ideological and aesthetic positions: contrary to traditional ideas, symbolism sought to live its own time, and during the period of social upheaval, its ideas were certainly developed. The results obtained can contribute to the theoretical knowledge about the symbolist journalism, “Vesy” magazine, as well as the evolution of the ideas of symbolism.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116406332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Restoration of the Northern Stalls of the Ostankino Estate Amusement Park","authors":"Varvara Fedorovna Bairamova, Sergei Sergeevich Isaev, Ekaterina Borisovna Samokhina","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2023.4.40106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2023.4.40106","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The authors discusses the issues that arose when making adjustments to the project documentation with the performance of the function of a technical customer for carrying out repair and restoration work with an adaptation for modern use of windows of federal significance \"Ostankino Manor, the end of the XVIII century\". The possible ways of solving the problems of creating an image of the garden of its heyday - the end of the XVIII century - the first quarter of the XIX century are presented and analyzed. The arguments justifying design decisions when choosing planting material are demonstrated. The authors focus their attention on this aspect, as one of the numerous markers of the representation of local historical phenomena - in this case, the development of a certain park object. The scientific novelty of the work is connected with the identification of all factors and combinations of planning elements of the estate, which determined the achievement of that aesthetic expressiveness, which determines the status of the object as a cultural heritage and national treasure. We believe that when carrying out new restoration work, it is necessary to raise the question of restoring \"flower beds\" in historical outlines. In modern conditions, when the scale of the Ostankino park has changed, its functional purpose has changed, it would be wrong to suggest restoring \"flowerbeds\", while using tree and shrub vegetation. Six \"klomps\" are formed in accordance with and on the basis of these iconographic materials. The proposed floral assortment is similar to the solutions of the front yard – herbaceous peony (Latin Paeónia), hosta (Latin Hósta), lily (Latin Lílium) and spring flowering ephemeroids.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117140799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The World of Ideas as a Way to Focus a Design Episteme","authors":"A. Pankratova","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2023.3.39042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2023.3.39042","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of the study is a design episteme - a system of logical connections and ways of forming concepts within a semiotic design system. The design episteme is considered in dynamics: currently, a logical impasse is being outlined in design, inspired by the ideology of modernism. The ideology of modernism in its logical development leads the semiotic system of design to the use of signs-simulacra, which, in turn, leads to the practice of design to the end. The way out of this situation may be a turn in the development of the design episteme to a fundamentally different pole of thinking. The author uses the method of semiotic analysis, which allows to identify the main type of signs that is used in the modern design episteme. In addition, the methodological basis of the study is Plato's concept of the world of ideas as applied to modern design. Examples of aesthetic relativism in modern design are given as the body of the material, these examples explicate the defocusing of the design episteme. The main conclusion of the study is that the modern design episteme is in a logical impasse due to the use of a fourth-order simulacrum as the main sign form. A fourth–order simulacrum is a sign that not only does not refer to an internal referent, but also whose external form tends to zero. Such a sign does not imply the existence of design as a principle of organization and design of the interaction of the signifier and the signified in the sign. The design episteme, which does not imply design, is in a state of defocusing. The way to reassemble the design episteme is to switch to a different paradigm. From the materialistic and horizontally oriented paradigm of modernism, the design episteme should move into a vertically oriented paradigm. The basis for building thinking in the field of design in a vertically oriented system is Plato's concept of the world of ideas.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128627492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcendental experience: the possibility of the intersection of theological, philosophical and scientific approaches","authors":"I. Gerasimova, A. Ivanov, Irina Valer'evna Fotieva","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2023.3.38068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2023.3.38068","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article is devoted to the study of the problem of transcendental experience, by which the authors understand various forms of consciousness going beyond the studied forms of human experience and cognitive practices. The problem of transcendental experience is posed as a complex one. The comprehensive approach includes the history and theory of Western European thought, the Russian philosophical tradition, and modern research. An attempt is made to problematize the possibility of integrating theological, philosophical and scientific research in this area. Special attention is paid to the cognitive aspect of the problem of transcendental experience. In this paper, the authors limit the scope of the research to the methodological task of the possibility of interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary studies of transcendental experience. The authors adhere to a post-non-classical methodology covering humanitarian campaigns and the results of natural science experimental research. The position of the embeddedness of transcendental experience in the general system of human cognitive abilities is confirmed. Transcendental experience can be considered as a qualitatively higher degree of \"openness\" of consciousness to the world, which implies the immediacy of perception of the object. The transcendental experience is characterized by a great depth of penetration into the object, accompanied by the experience of merging the \"I\" and the object, and in the limit of the \"I\" and the world. In the cognitive-evolutionary aspect, it is appropriate to raise the question of a new stage of transformations of consciousness. The following criteria for distinguishing genuine and false transcendental experience are proposed: reliance on a developed picture of the world; the addition of direct experience with rational reflection; spiritual/anthropological transformation as the ultimate goal of this experience; the obligation of moral self-transformation; guidance by a student from a spiritual teacher, a follower of this tradition.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115101097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctionality as a Basic Principle of Design","authors":"","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2023.3.39940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2023.3.39940","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of research in this article is the phenomenon of multifunctional objects and objects of the environment. The novelty of the research lies in identifying their features and trends associated with the lack of a unified and methodological approach in the theory and practice of design. In this regard, the issues related to the principle of multifunctionality in certain types of design are considered. Various components of multifunctional design as a progressive and affordable symbiosis of design solutions are highlighted. It was found out that modern design design is focused on the creation of both individual objects that include more than one function, and the environment as a whole. The relevance of this topic lies in the inability to organize a comfortable urban environment with the help of individual compositions. Therefore, the idea of an integrated approach, the organization of the human habitat by design means on the basis of multifunctionality and a multifaceted study of this issue has matured. The result of the study was the systematization of disparate knowledge, the identification of common conditions and factors for the formation of multifunctional objects and environments: efficiency, comfort, convenience, ergonomics in use or usability, modular principle and manufacturability. The definition of multifunctionality as the basic principle of design will expand the range of design design issues, its typologization, mutual adaptability and universality of the creative approach in work.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121548326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Russian modernist manifestos: the genre characteristics","authors":"M. Saveleva, Nadezhda Aleksandrovna Kritskaya","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2023.3.39936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2023.3.39936","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The paper deals with the features and functions of Russian Modernist manifestos. It is shown that proletarian writers adopted, refined and used in a specific manner for their own purposes some of the techniques implemented in the Silver Age theoretical declarations. This may account in part for the active use of the originally political term “manifesto” in the Soviet literary studies. In critical works from recent years one can observe a departure from this tradition.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130133887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Symbol behind the Image: Reading the Painting by Alexander Volkov","authors":"Galina E. Abbasova","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2023.3.40113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2023.3.40113","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Alexander Nikolaevich Volkov (1886–1957) is one of the Soviet Uzbekistan fine art founders. He actively taught in Tashkent and had a significant impact on the younger generation of the artists. He was a member of the association \"New East Masters\", headed the informal group \"Volkov's Brigade\" trying to solve the problems of monumental painting. In addition, the artist's work has some traces of symbolism and impressionism, cubism and primitive art. This article is devoted to Volkov's painting \"Teahouse with a portrait of V.I. Lenin”, created in 1928 and stored in The Karakalpakstan State Museum of Art. This picture was painted at a time when the master, in his own words, again turned to human. Therefore the masterpiece corresponded the request to design a new Soviet way of life, to invent the heroes among workers and dekhkans (peasants). However, behind the simple interpretation of \"Teahouse\", there is a deep symbolism, thanks to which the images go beyond the scope of an ideological statement, turning into a kind of myth. The novelty of this research can be found in the formulation of a problem that has not previously been considered in the scientific literature - the symbolic interpretation of the works of A.N. Volkov of the \"socialist realist\" period. This symbolic layer in the artist's works is the additional evidence of his sincere passion from the ideas of the cultural revolution and socialist movement in Central Asia. In addition, Volkov's paintings of the late 1920s and 1930s are often overshadowed by his earlier creative experiments. The purpose of this article is to consider and analyze one of the most revealing work belonged to the late period of the artist oeuvre, to identify the semantic layers behind the “tangible breath of the flesh”.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127445124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exhibition activity of the art crafts of the Msterskaya and Kholuyskaya lacquer miniatures in the 1930s.","authors":"D. Lavrov","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2023.3.36694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2023.3.36694","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of this study is the analysis of the exhibition activities of the Msterskaya and Kholuyskaya artels of lacquer miniature in the 1930s - the period of the origin and formation of these famous crafts of Russian folk culture. The purpose of this article is to show the beneficial role of the Soviet state in the development of folk art by the example of the participation of these crafts in Soviet and foreign exhibition projects. The author compares the events of the 1930s with the state of lacquer crafts in modern Russia and suggests using the Soviet experience of informational and organizational assistance to lacquer miniature crafts to overcome their current state of crisis. Using the method of comparative analysis, as well as the historical and systematic method of research, the author shows the success of the exhibition practices of the Msterskaya and Kholuiskaya artels in the 1930s, as well as the support provided to lacquer crafts by the state authorities of the USSR. The scientific novelty of the study consists in an attempt to overcome the prevailing view of the current crisis state of Russian lacquer crafts as a result of only insufficient \"innovative\" leadership on the ground. The author's position is that the reason for such a crisis state should be sought, first of all, in the general situation of the lack of real support for Russian lacquer crafts from the state, which is the main conclusion of the article. \u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129611315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"The Peasant Lady\": an Existential Choice, Super-Difficult in Life, but Possible in Art","authors":"V. Rozin","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2023.2.39727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2023.2.39727","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article offers a new, in fact, cultural and psychological version of Pushkin's famous story \"The Peasant Lady\". Various assessments of this work are given, including the author's, teenage. The author argues that the modern understanding of works of art involves an analysis of the culture in which it was created, as well as the author of this work. Realizing this installation, he discusses why Pushkin shifted to the reader the consideration of the consequences that followed from the last scene of the \"Peasant Girl\", when the deception-Lisa's game was revealed. According to the author, this would destroy the plot, since it would show that the behavior of Lisa and Alexey contradicted the ideas of marriage and the actions of young people accepted in Russian society at that time.   It is hypothesized that Pushkin, composing \"The Peasant Lady\", solved his own existential problem, which P. Chaadaev pointed out to him, namely, his real life contradicted Pushkin's declared values and poems. Unable to rebuild his life in 1830, Alexander Sergeevich compromises, reconciling the real and desirable life in the field of art, this largely explains the peculiarities of the \"Peasant Lady\". In Marina Tsvetaeva's work, there was also the use of art (and other discourses) to bridge the gap between real and desired life, which to a certain extent allowed the artist to realize himself and preserve his mental health.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125791056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The practice of using the ergonomics of the environment in the educational process of the university in the implementation of the discipline \"Elective courses (modules) in physical culture and sports\"","authors":"Evgeniya Valer'evna Yaroshenko, Y. Zhuravleva, Zakir Magomedovich Zapirov","doi":"10.7256/2454-0625.2023.2.37670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2023.2.37670","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of the study is the process of physical education at the university. The object of the study is the educational and training work on physical culture and sports at the university.The purpose of the study is to study the ergonomics of the environment and its impact on the biomechanics of motor actions implemented in the educational process of university students in the discipline \"Elective courses (modules) in physical culture and sports\". In this work, the authors presented in the form of a set of research methods, which included such as theoretical (system analysis, generalization), empirical methods (observation, included observation, pedagogical experiment) and statistical methods. The obtained data recorded during the study, after analysis and statistical processing, allowed us to state the importance of taking into account the influence of the ergonomics of the environment and formulate a conclusion about the need for its use, recognizing the effectiveness of its application in the practice of the educational process in the implementation of the program material of the discipline \"Elective courses (modules) in physical culture and sports\" in the walls of higher school. The scope of the results. At the training sessions on the discipline \"Elective courses (modules) in physical culture and sports\" in high school.The main conclusions of the study are the use of regional features of the ergonomics of the environment in the educational process. Such a format of research contributes to the development of the relationship between the theory and practice of physical culture and sports in the organization of the educational process of students at the university, giving it not only a practice-oriented character, but also a potentially developing science in competitive market circumstances. The novelty of this study lies in the use of various sports complexes, recreational walking and training grounds above different sea levels, it is possible to achieve an increase in the level of acclimatization changes in the body of students, from which it can be concluded that the ergonomics of the environment is used in the educational process of the university.\u0000","PeriodicalId":184304,"journal":{"name":"Культура и искусство","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130332951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}