Media and Communication最新文献_第9页

Covid-19 Research in Alternative News Media: Evidencing and Counterevidencing Practices 替代新闻媒体中的Covid-19研究:证据和反证据实践

IF 3.1 2区文学

Media and Communication Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v11i1.6049

M. Schug, Helena Bilandzic, S. Kinnebrock

{"title":"Covid-19 Research in Alternative News Media: Evidencing and Counterevidencing Practices","authors":"M. Schug, Helena Bilandzic, S. Kinnebrock","doi":"10.17645/mac.v11i1.6049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v11i1.6049","url":null,"abstract":"The Covid-19 pandemic has been accompanied by an excess of accurate and inaccurate information (infodemic) that has prevented people from finding reliable guidance in decision-making. Non-professional but popular science communicators—some with a political agenda—supply the public with scientific knowledge regarding Covid-19. This kind of communication represents a worrisome force in societal discourses on science-related political issues. This article explores online content (N = 108 articles) of two popular German “alternative news” media (NachDenkSeiten and PI News) that present and evaluate biomedical research concerning Covid-19. Using thematic analysis, we investigated how scientific evidence was presented and questioned. Regarding the theoretical background, we drew on the concept of “evidencing practices” and ideas from argumentation theory. More specifically, we studied the use of the following three evidencing and counterevidencing practices: references to Data/Methods, references to Experts/Authorities, and Narratives. The results indicate that the studied alternative news media generally purport to report on science using the same argumentation mechanisms as those employed in science journalism in legacy media. However, a deeper analysis reveals that argumentation directions mostly follow preexisting ideologies and political agendas against Covid-19 policies, which leads to science coverage that contradicts common epistemic authorities and evidence. Finally, we discuss the possible implications of our findings for audience views and consider strategies for countering the rejection of scientific evidence.","PeriodicalId":18348,"journal":{"name":"Media and Communication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43083990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Meet Bob and Offset Your Flight: Optimising Explainer Videos to Promote Voluntary Carbon Offsetting 满足鲍勃和抵消你的飞行:优化解说员视频，以促进自愿碳抵消

IF 3.1 2区文学

Media and Communication Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v11i1.6028

Anna Schorn, W. Wirth

{"title":"Meet Bob and Offset Your Flight: Optimising Explainer Videos to Promote Voluntary Carbon Offsetting","authors":"Anna Schorn, W. Wirth","doi":"10.17645/mac.v11i1.6028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v11i1.6028","url":null,"abstract":"In Germany, over 60% of people use YouTube as a search engine and watch explainer videos or tutorials at least occasionally. Two studies were conducted to determine how explainer videos can be optimised to promote sustainable minority behaviour such as voluntary carbon offsetting. A typical way to present information in explainer videos is by using exemplars (the “meet Bob” trope), which can change recipients’ judgements of the frequency of events. When an exemplar is included, the frequency of occurrence can be estimated to be higher, even if the actual base-rate information is given. Therefore, study one (N = 482) tested whether an exemplar could enhance the positive effects of a dynamic descriptive social norm appeal (DSNA), prevent the backfire effects of a static minority DSNA, and examine whether there were any differences depending on the narrative perspective. In study one, we conducted a 2 (narrative perspective: first vs. third person) × 2 (DSNA: static vs. dynamic) × 2 (travel destination: Europe vs. overseas; control factor) between-subjects experiment using six self-produced explainer videos about voluntary carbon offsetting (N = 270). The results show that the narrative perspective, different DSNAs, and the destination had no effect on persuasive outcomes. Study two (N = 270) focused on social norm appeals and supplemented minority DSNAs (DSNA: static vs. dynamic vs. absent) with an injunctive social norm appeal (ISNA: present vs. absent). The results show that a majority injunctive social norm appeal can improve attitudes towards voluntary carbon offsetting and perceived effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":18348,"journal":{"name":"Media and Communication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47810200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Editorial: Science Communication in the Digital Age—New Actors, Environments, and Practices 社论：数字时代的科学传播——新的行动者、环境和实践

IF 3.1 2区文学

Media and Communication Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v11i1.6905

Julia Metag, Florian Wintterlin, Kira Klinger

引用次数: 0

Maximizing Science Outreach on Facebook: An Analysis of Scientists’ Communication Strategies in Taiwan Facebook上科学拓展的最大化——台湾科学家交流策略分析

IF 3.1 2区文学

Media and Communication Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v11i1.6080

Adrian Rauchfleisch, Johanna Kao, Tzu-Hsuan Tseng, Chia-Tzu Ho, Lu-Yi Li

{"title":"Maximizing Science Outreach on Facebook: An Analysis of Scientists’ Communication Strategies in Taiwan","authors":"Adrian Rauchfleisch, Johanna Kao, Tzu-Hsuan Tseng, Chia-Tzu Ho, Lu-Yi Li","doi":"10.17645/mac.v11i1.6080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v11i1.6080","url":null,"abstract":"The internet, and especially social media platforms, offer scientists new opportunities to connect with a broader public. While many studies have focused on science communication on Twitter, surprisingly few have analyzed how scientists use Facebook, even though it is an essential platform for the general public in many countries. A possible explanation for this lack of research is that scientists keep their Facebook profiles separate from their work life and are more active on Twitter in their professional roles. Our study challenges this assumption by focusing on Taiwan as a peculiar case. Due to the local culture, Twitter is less popular there, and scientists are more active on Facebook, even in their professional roles. In our study, we analyzed 35 public pages of scientists on Facebook and assessed the factors explaining the reach of their communication using content analysis in combination with a multilevel model that allowed us to test predictors on the page level, such as the number of fans, in combination with predictors on the post level, such as the complexity of the language used. Our study shows that Facebook can play an influential role in science outreach. To effectively communicate with the audience on Facebook, it is best to use strategies that appeal to new and existing followers. Posts that address current issues and include opinions are likely to be shared widely, while humor or personal self-disclosure is likely to engage the existing audience. Our study contributes to the current debate about alternatives to Twitter in science communication.","PeriodicalId":18348,"journal":{"name":"Media and Communication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42932267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The multilingual Twitter-discourse on vaccination in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic 新冠肺炎大流行期间德国疫苗接种的多语言推特搜索

IF 3.1 2区文学

Media and Communication Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v11i1.6058

H. Schmid-Petri, Moritz Bürger, Stephan Schlögl, Mara Schwind, Jelena Mitrović, Ramona Kühn

{"title":"The multilingual Twitter-discourse on vaccination in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"H. Schmid-Petri, Moritz Bürger, Stephan Schlögl, Mara Schwind, Jelena Mitrović, Ramona Kühn","doi":"10.17645/mac.v11i1.6058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v11i1.6058","url":null,"abstract":"There is evidence that specific segments of the population were hit particularly hard by the Covid-19 pandemic (e.g., people with a migration background). In this context, the impact and role played by online platforms in facilitating the integration or fragmentation of public debates and social groups is a recurring topic of discussion. This is where our study ties in, we ask: How is the topic of vaccination discussed and evaluated in different language communities in Germany on Twitter during the Covid-19 pandemic? We collected all tweets in German, Russian, Turkish, and Polish (i.e., the largest migrant groups in Germany) in March 2021 that included the most important keywords related to Covid-19 vaccination. All users were automatically geocoded. The data was limited to tweets from Germany. Our results show that the multilingual debate on Covid-19 vaccination in Germany does not have many structural connections. However, in terms of actors, arguments, and positions towards Covid-19 vaccination, the discussion in the different language communities is similar. This indicates that there is a parallelism of the debates but no social-discursive integration.","PeriodicalId":18348,"journal":{"name":"Media and Communication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48631375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Between Calls for Action and Narratives of Denial: Climate Change Attention Structures on Twitter 在呼吁行动和否认叙事之间:推特上的气候变化关注结构

IF 3.1 2区文学

Media and Communication Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v11i1.6111

Hendrik Meyer, Amelia Katelin Peach, Lars Guenther, Hadas Emma Kedar, M. Brüggemann

{"title":"Between Calls for Action and Narratives of Denial: Climate Change Attention Structures on Twitter","authors":"Hendrik Meyer, Amelia Katelin Peach, Lars Guenther, Hadas Emma Kedar, M. Brüggemann","doi":"10.17645/mac.v11i1.6111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v11i1.6111","url":null,"abstract":"The threats posed to society by climate change often fail to become priorities for voters and policymakers. Nevertheless, it has been shown that merely paying online attention to climate change can increase the perceived severity of the associated risks and thus encourage climate action. Therefore, we focus on public discourse on Twitter to explore the interplay of “triggers” and discursive features that stimulate attention to climate change. We collected data from 2017 to 2021, identified each year’s top five “peak” events of climate attention, and applied manual content (N = 2,500) and automated network analyses (N = ~17,000,000). The results show that while specific events and actors may not trigger and maintain attention permanently, there are discursive features (types of domains, discourses, users, and networks) that continuously shape attention to climate change. Debates are highly politicized and often call for action, criticize administrations, stress negative future scenarios, and controversially debate over the reality of climate change. Attention thereby is amplified within hybrid discourses which merge different triggers, being dominated by political, cultural, and journalistic media accounts: Political events trigger posts that stress the reality of climate change, whereas tweets on protests and cultural events are amplified if they call for action. However, antagonism and backlashes to such posts are essential features of the peaks investigated. Accordingly, attention is often connected to controversial debates regarding focusing events, polarizing figures (such as Greta Thunberg or Donald Trump), and the formation of counter-public networks. Which content is amplified highly depends on the subnetworks that users are situated in.","PeriodicalId":18348,"journal":{"name":"Media and Communication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44956746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

How Do Multiple Actors Conduct Science Communication About Omicron on Weibo: A Mixed-Method Study 多个参与者如何在微博上进行关于奥密克戎的科学传播：一项混合方法研究

IF 3.1 2区文学

Media and Communication Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v11i1.6122

Jinghong Xu, Difan Guo, Jing Xu, Chang Luo

引用次数: 2

Content Analysis From a Gender Perspective of Comments Received by Spanish Science YouTubers 从性别角度分析西班牙科学YouTube用户的评论

IF 3.1 2区文学

Media and Communication Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v11i1.5971

B. Cambronero-Saiz, Carmen Cristófol-Rodríguez, J. Segarra-Saavedra

{"title":"Content Analysis From a Gender Perspective of Comments Received by Spanish Science YouTubers","authors":"B. Cambronero-Saiz, Carmen Cristófol-Rodríguez, J. Segarra-Saavedra","doi":"10.17645/mac.v11i1.5971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v11i1.5971","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main features of videos that popularise science on YouTube is the ability to interact with the videos and the YouTubers who generate them. However, some types of interaction are often not gender neutral. In order to identify whether there are gender differences in the type of comments posted on YouTube channels that popularise science, a content analysis of nine such channels hosted by Spanish macro influencers was conducted. A total of 221 videos and 18,873 comments were analysed to identify and classify comments of a personal nature relating to physical appearance, tone of voice, or intellectual capacity, among other aspects. The results show that 7.5% (1,424) of the total number of analysed comments were comments of a personal nature addressed to the channel’s host. Of the videos hosted by women, 95.3% contained at least one positive comment related to their physical appearance, compared to 27% in the case of men. Gender differences were mainly found in negative comments regarding the presenter’s intellectual ability or personality, with women most likely to receive them. These results show that women who face media exposure are more vulnerable to negative sexist comments, which may deter them from professionalisation in this area.","PeriodicalId":18348,"journal":{"name":"Media and Communication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49182068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Fact of Content Moderation; Or, Let’s Not Solve the Platforms’ Problems for Them 内容审核的事实分析或者，我们不要替平台解决问题

IF 3.1 2区文学

Media and Communication Pub Date : 2023-03-20 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v11i2.6610

Tarleton Gillespie

引用次数: 1

A Systematic Literature Review of the Phenomenon of Disinformation and Misinformation 虚假信息和虚假信息现象的系统文献综述

IF 3.1 2区文学

Media and Communication Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v11i2.6453

M. Pérez-Escolar, D. Lilleker, Alejandro Tapia-Frade

{"title":"A Systematic Literature Review of the Phenomenon of Disinformation and Misinformation","authors":"M. Pérez-Escolar, D. Lilleker, Alejandro Tapia-Frade","doi":"10.17645/mac.v11i2.6453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v11i2.6453","url":null,"abstract":"Disinformation threatens the virtue of knowledge. The notion of truth becomes corrupted when citizens believe and give credibility to false, inaccurate, or misleading messages. This situation is particularly relevant in the digital age, where users of media platforms are exposed to different sorts of persuasive statements with uncertain origins and a lack of authenticity. How does academia understand the disinformation problem, and are we equipped to offer solutions? In response to this question, our study provides an overview of the general definitions, trends, patterns, and developments that represent the research on disinformation and misinformation. We conducted a systematic review of N = 756 publications covering eight years, 2014–2022. This period captures phenomena such as Trump’s emergence as a candidate for the US presidency, his term in office, as well as the leadership of figures such as Erdogan in Turkey, Bolsonaro in Brazil, Modi in India, and various similar populist and nationalist leaders across a range of democratic and semi-democratic societies. This period is also one that witnessed the first global pandemic, when misinformation and disinformation not only threatened societal cohesion but the lives of people. This systematic review explores the critical terminology used, the areas of social life where disinformation is identified as problematic, the sources identified as creating or circulating this material, as well as the channels studied, the targets, and the persuasiveness of the discourse. What this article offers, then, is an overview of what we know about disinformation and what gaps in research should be pursued. We conclude that given the problems that misinformation and disinformation are seen to cause for democratic societies, we need to assess the contribution of social science in providing a foundation for scientific knowledge.","PeriodicalId":18348,"journal":{"name":"Media and Communication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42200583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6