Materials Today Sustainability最新文献

{"title":"Advances in polyurethane biodegradation integrating chemistry, microbial mechanism, and computational approaches","authors":"Pragya Sahu ,&nbsp;Juhi Saini ,&nbsp;Ritu Raval ,&nbsp;Chuxia Lin ,&nbsp;Subbalaxmi Selvaraj","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A condensation reaction between an isocyanate and polyols produces a synthetic polymer, polyurethane (PU). Owing to its complex chemical framework, PU is highly recalcitrant. This plastic type consists of hard and soft segments in its structure, which critically influence its mechanical properties and functional versatility. Its inherent structural complexity and resistance to degradation have created significant challenges in its end-of-life management, contributing to persistent plastic pollution. In recent years, microbial-mediated enzymatic degradation has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional waste treatment and disposal strategies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of PU biodegradation, outlining the polymer's chemistry, the role of microbial communities and their associated enzymes, and emerging insights from metabolic pathway analysis to molecular-based metagenomic studies. Standardized testing methods and analytical techniques are evaluated along with physicochemical and environmental factors that influence degradation. Recent innovations like the development of engineered microbial consortia, enzyme optimization strategies, pre-treatment methods, and bio-based formulations collectively advance PU biodegradation and support sustainable material valorisation. In silico approaches, such as machine learning and computational studies, are highlighted for their potential to predict degradation efficiency and guide experimental design. By integrating insights from polymer science, microbial ecology, and computational biology, this review identifies critical challenges and outlines future directions towards developing scalable, eco-efficient solutions for PU waste management and circular material recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101267"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145690512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of multiple solid wastes as subgrade material in expressway subgrade: field test, microcosmic mechanism and sustainability","authors":"Liping Zhang ,&nbsp;Mingrui Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Zhao ,&nbsp;Bo Huang ,&nbsp;Zimeng Zhou ,&nbsp;Tianfeng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on the concept of sustainable development, these solid wastes, such as soda residue (SR) and phosphate tailing (PT) were used to collaboratively prepare soda residue modified fishpond soil (SRS) and phosphate tailings-soda residue modified fishpond soil (PRS), stabilized by externally adding lime, which were applied as subgrade materials in expressway engineering. Through field tests and comparisons with lime-stabilized fishpond soil (LFS), the feasibility and advantages of them were verified as subgrade materials. Further microstructural analysis using XRD and SEM tests revealed its reaction mechanisms and microstructural characteristics. Additionally, carbon emissions and their economic assessments were conducted. As the curing time increased, the mechanical properties of SRS, PRS, and LFS all improved. After 7 days of curing, the value of <em>CBR</em>_f, <em>MR</em>_f, deflection, and <em>DCPI</em> of SRS are 71.1 %, 151.2 MPa, 68.2 (0.01 mm), and 1.01 cm/blow, respectively; for PRS, these values are 79.6 %, 164.4 MPa, 59.9 (0.01 mm), and 0.95 cm/blow; and for LFS, the values are 63.6 %, 131.0 MPa, 69.3 (0.01 mm), and 1.09 cm/blow. The road performances of SRS and PRS are slightly superior to those of LFS. XRD and SEM analysis indicate that the reticulated C-S-H and short-columnar AFt in the SRS and PRS systems fill the pores, thereby contributing to the development of strength. Sustainability analysis shows that SRS and PRS are environmentally friendly, low-carbon, and economically advantageous subgrade materials, suitable for application in the subgrade of expressways and highways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101247"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145465423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overcoming the SnO2 bottleneck in perovskite solar cells: Strategies for enhancing efficiency and stability","authors":"Qamar Wali ,&nbsp;It Ee Lee ,&nbsp;Teong Chee Chuah ,&nbsp;Rajan Jose","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Charge transport layers, which selectively transport electrons and holes, are critical to the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Tin oxide (SnO₂) possesses distinctive advantages over the frequently used titanium dioxide (TiO₂) as an electron transport layer (ETL), supporting superior photovoltaic conversion efficiency and operational stability in PSCs. Nevertheless, state-of-the-art PSCs incorporating TiO₂ ETLs still demonstrate marginally superior practical performance, highlighting the need to address the limitations of SnO₂ to unlock its full potential. In this review, we examine PSCs employing SnO₂ ETLs with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) exceeding 24 %, identifying their common characteristics and limitations. We critically analyze various strategies adopted in high-efficiency PSCs, including buried interfaces, self-assembled molecules, organic ligands, molecular bridging, and solvent engineering, and highlight the major challenges associated with SnO₂ ETLs from the perspective of scalability and commercialization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101253"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145465426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of work function cathode on performance and stability of organic solar cells with non-fullerene interlayers","authors":"Yeongsu Jo ,&nbsp;So-yeon Ju ,&nbsp;Seungyeon Hong ,&nbsp;Gyeong Cheon Choi ,&nbsp;Hyo Jung Kim ,&nbsp;Hyung Woo Lee ,&nbsp;Hui-Seon Kim ,&nbsp;Ji-Youn Seo","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs) has been reported over 19 % due to the development of novel electron donor polymers and acceptor molecules such as PM6:Y6. In addition, cathode interlayers (CILs) based on non-fullerene structure (e.g., PNDIT-F3NBr and PDINN) have been employed in conventional OSCs to facilitate charge transfer from the active layer to electrode. However, metal electrodes for cathode contact have received relatively little attention and the role of the CIL/metal interface has been barely investigated in OSCs. While conventional OSCs generally adopt a low work function cathode (e.g., silver and aluminum) for an ideal energy positioning near the LUMO of the active material, in this study, gold (Au) with a high work function is utilized as the top electrode, which is rarely explored, resulting in a high open circuit voltage of 0.853 V and PCE of 14 % based on a device structure with ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PM6:Y6/PNDIT-F3N-Br/Au. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) reveal a significant upward shift of the apparent work function of Au (ΔΦ_Au &gt; 1.0 eV) at the CIL/Au interface, leading to a suitable energy level alignment for charge extraction and efficient device operation. On the other hand, Au diffusion into the PM6:Y6 active blend results in poor long-term stability of OSCs, as evidenced by grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) and impedance spectroscopy (IS).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101254"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145620075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upcycling cotton gin byproducts into bioplastics: A sustainable approach to Co-dissolution of lignin and cellulose using a DES/NMMO binary solvent","authors":"Mina Bayattork,&nbsp;Mostafa Akhlaghi Bagherjeri,&nbsp;Abu Naser Md Ahsanul Haque,&nbsp;Maryam Naebe","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a sustainable and efficient approach was developed to address the challenges associated with the dissolution of the entire biomass lignocellulosic components. This was carried out using a deep eutectic solvent (DES) and N-methylmorpholine N-oxide (NMMO), together as a binary solvent system for direct dissolution and film fabrication of cotton gin trash (CGT) and cotton gin motes (CGM), two underutilized agricultural residues. The DES facilitated the selective dissolution of lignin and hemicellulose, while NMMO effectively dissolved crystalline cellulose. The synergistic action of DES and NMMO enabled efficient co-dissolution of lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose without fractionation. XRD and ¹³CNMR confirmed a transition from crystalline cellulose structure to a more amorphous network in the regenerated films, particularly in CGT-rich compositions. The films showed enhanced thermal stability, with the 1:1 CGT/CGM blend film exhibiting the highest onset temperature. The mechanical testing indicated that the 1:1 CGT/CGM blend films achieved an optimal balance between tensile strength and flexibility through combining CGM's crystalline cellulose reinforcement with CGT's amorphous lignin and hemicellulose content. This study demonstrates the potential of CGT and CGM as sustainable raw materials and the proposed DES/NMMO system as an effective green solvent for processing whole lignocellulosic biomass into high-value-added products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101235"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145267768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying excess wind power to green hydrogen production: A simulation approach to improving energy utilization in Greece's non-interconnected islands","authors":"Giorgos Varras ,&nbsp;Michail Chalaris","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a practical and forward-looking approach to improving renewable energy integration within the isolated power systems of Greece's Non-Interconnected Islands (NIIs). It addresses a key challenge faced by such regions: the significant curtailment of wind energy due to infrastructure limitations, lack of interconnection, and the absence of grid-scale storage. Focusing on a medium-sized island as a representative case, the analysis introduces a tailored methodology for estimating excess wind output, combining hourly operational data with turbine-specific performance characteristics to assess the extent of untapped renewable potential.</div><div>The proposed system design involves coupling Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolysis with Reverse Osmosis (RO) desalination to produce green hydrogen using surplus wind power, even in water-scarce environments. Simulation results suggest that, under existing constraints, approximately 100 metric tons of hydrogen could be produced annually—energy that would otherwise go unused. Among the storage solutions evaluated, Compressed Gaseous Hydrogen (CGH₂) is identified as the most practical for this context, offering safety, scalability, and compatibility with local infrastructure.</div><div>In addition to technical feasibility, the study considers logistical aspects of hydrogen transport and favors CGH₂-based distribution via road trailers, aligning well with the decentralized nature of island systems. Beyond operational benefits, the approach holds broader implications for energy autonomy, reduced fossil fuel dependency, and environmental sustainability. Its originality lies in integrating excess wind recovery, water treatment, and hydrogen production into a unified, replicable framework, suited for real-world application in remote island contexts seeking resilient and clean energy alternatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101244"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal enhancement of phase change materials using nanoparticles and novel finned structures","authors":"Hassan Waqas ,&nbsp;Meraj Ali Khan ,&nbsp;Mohib Hussain ,&nbsp;Zunhua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phase change materials (PCMs) have proven vital in thermal energy storage systems due to their remarkable energy density and capacity to sustain a stable temperature. This study examines how adding new dendritic fin structures positioned in the lower region can improve heat transfer and melting kinetics in a molten salt-based nano-enhanced phase change material (NEPCM) with <span><math><mrow><mi>F</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>4</mn></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>u</mi></mrow></math></span> hybrid nanoparticles inside rectangular enclosures. A baseline example without fins, a second case with dendritic fins whose branch lengths decrease toward the bottom (type 1), and a third case with dendritic fins whose branch lengths increase toward the bottom (type 2) are the three different configurations that are examined in this study. The thermal behavior was numerically modelled using the porosity-enthalpy method. We also developed an artificial neural network (ANN) model with a multilayer perceptron architecture that includes two hidden layers to predict melting characteristics and thermal performance parameters, training it on both computational and experimental datasets. When paired with hybrid nanoparticles, total melting was accomplished about 41 % faster. With correlation coefficients above 0.98 and mean relative error below 3.5 % under all test settings, the created ANN model was able to predict melting percent, average temperature, and Nusselt number. The ANN model's sensitivity analysis revealed that the two most important factors influencing thermal performance were the concentration of nanoparticles and the fin branch length ratio. For future studies, it would be beneficial to focus on optimizing the parameters of these dendritic fin structures and to investigate the ideal <span><math><mrow><mi>F</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>4</mn></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>u</mi></mrow></math></span> ratios to achieve maximum thermal performance while ensuring colloidal stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101222"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced stability and performance of LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 cathodes via vanadium-doped polyoxometalate coating","authors":"Nafiseh Bolghanabadi ,&nbsp;Arcangelo Celeste ,&nbsp;Sergio Brutti ,&nbsp;Sayed Khatiboleslam Sadrnezhaad ,&nbsp;Abdolreza Simchi","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nickel-rich layered cathodes, such as LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ (NMC811), offer high specific capacity and energy density but suffer from surface instability, cation mixing, and side reactions at the electrode-electrolyte interface. These issues lead to structural degradation, capacity fading, and reduced cyclic stability in lithium-ion batteries. In this study, we propose a strategy to engineer the interface of NMC811 cathodes with an ultrathin 3D-network vanadium-doped polyoxometalate (PMV) shell, synthesized via a facile wet chemical method, to enhance their electrochemical performance and cyclic stability. Structural characterizations reveal that the uniform PMV coating (thickness around 30–50 nm) preserve the crystal structure of NMC811 while enhancing the stability of the electrode-electrolyte interface and improving lithium-ion diffusion. Electrochemical studies determine that the PMV-coated cathodes achieve a superior initial discharge capacity of 217 mAh g⁻¹, compared to 175 mAh g⁻¹ for the uncoated NMC811 (at 0.1C). The rate capability of the PMV-coated cathode is also enhanced to gain a specific capacity of 87.4 mAh g⁻¹ at 5C, which significantly outperform the uncoated cathode. Detailed investigations indicate that the coating minimizes particle cracking and voltage fading, thus contributing to improved long-term performance and cyclic stability. Applying this ultrathin, ion-conductive PMV coating highlights a viable path for optimizing nickel-rich cathodes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101249"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145525532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shape-stabilized phase change composites based on ZIF-67/melamine foam for solar-thermal energy conversion and storage","authors":"Bing Liu ,&nbsp;Qiushi Sun ,&nbsp;Meng Sun ,&nbsp;Shuang Liu ,&nbsp;Hao Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the need for enhanced energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy increases, polyethylene glycol (PEG), a crucial element in phase change materials (PCMs), has gained considerable focus in the areas of temperature control and energy storage. Nevertheless, PEG faces leakage and undesired light absorption problems in practical applications. In this study, melamine foam (MF) is utilized as an encapsulation material in an attempt to tackle the leakage problem. ZIF-67 is incorporated onto MF by in situ growth, followed by high-temperature carbonization to prepare a hierarchical porous carbon, which further enhances the absorbance of phase change composite (PCC). The crystallization of the prepared PCCs is in the range of 157.9-170.3 J/g. The photo-thermal conversion rate of PCC is 92.65 %, and the thermal conductivity is 0.38 W/(m∙K). In conclusion, the problems of PEG leakage and low light absorption were solved by carbonized porous encapsulation technique and in situ growth of ZIF-67, which enhanced the solar-thermal energy conversion of storage and PCCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101240"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145363431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MXene Synthesis, Surface Functionalization, and Membrane Integration for Photocatalytic Removal of Heavy Metals from Wastewater: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Noor H. Jawad ,&nbsp;Teeba M. Darwesh ,&nbsp;Asmaa F. Abbas ,&nbsp;Ali A. Yahya ,&nbsp;Afraa H. Kamel ,&nbsp;Khalid T. Rashid ,&nbsp;Tamara W. Abood ,&nbsp;Raed A. Al-Juboori ,&nbsp;Hicham Meskher ,&nbsp;Saad Al-Saadi ,&nbsp;Qusay F. Alsalhy","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2025.101208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The accelerating global population growth and rising living standards have intensified pressure on freshwater resources, underscoring the urgent need for efficient wastewater treatment technologies. Conventional treatment methods are often inadequate for removing persistent and toxic heavy metal contaminants. MXenes, emerging two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides, have garnered significant attention due to their remarkable hydrophilicity, chemical tunability, high surface area, and superior electrochemical properties. This review critically examines the development and application of MXene-based membrane nanomaterials for the photocatalytic removal of heavy metals from wastewater. Key aspects include novel synthesis routes, such as HF-free and eco-friendly methods, advanced structural modifications, and strategic surface functionalization to enhance photocatalytic and adsorptive performance. We further dissect the fundamental separation mechanisms, exploring electron transfer dynamics, interfacial interactions, and the synergistic roles of MXene composites. This comprehensive analysis aims to guide future research towards sustainable water purification technologies leveraging the unique capabilities of MXene-based systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18322,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Sustainability","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101208"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}