Medical Herald of the South of Russia最新文献

{"title":"Structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2","authors":"O. V. Duvanova, O. Chemisova, A. Noskov","doi":"10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-4-45-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-4-45-52","url":null,"abstract":"The review presents the basic information available in the literature on the structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 (S;N;E;M). Issues affecting the importance of these proteins in the pathogenesis, adaptation and life cycle of the virus are discussed. Structural multifunctional proteins are biomarkers of increased contagiousness and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2, forming its pathogenetic and adaptive potential. The multifunctionality of the structural proteins of the new coronavirus allows it to respond quickly to fluctuations in the conditions of existence through the use of alternative approaches to implement the mechanisms underlying its pathogenetic potential. Currently, the structure, properties, functions and role of structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 are being actively studied, which is an actual vector of research that allows us to decipher the mechanisms underlying its high contagiousness, pathogenicity, adaptation, and in the future to evaluate possible ways of forming its new variants and develop a strategy and tactics of emergency response when it appears new strains.The prospects of further study of the structure and properties of structural proteins for solving the priority tasks of the present time on the creation of modern domestic vaccines and effective methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of a new coronavirus are noted.The authors analyzed scientific publications from various databases of electronic libraries, such as PubMed, e-library, CyberLeninka, etc.","PeriodicalId":18314,"journal":{"name":"Medical Herald of the South of Russia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83362285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The concept of healthy aging at work","authors":"A. Gantman, Y. Gorblyansky, E. Kontorovich, O. Ponamareva","doi":"10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-4-5-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-4-5-13","url":null,"abstract":"Based on a thematic review of research by foreign and domestic authors, the analysis of current trends in the aging of the population and labor force as a global demographic problem is carried out. The stages of formation of ideas about healthy aging in the world and Russia are presented. The risks of the development of premature aging and the prospects of prolonging the longevity of workers in modern conditions are considered.","PeriodicalId":18314,"journal":{"name":"Medical Herald of the South of Russia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80451950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for endometrial polyps’ development in reproductive-age women","authors":"M. Orazov, L. M. Mihaleva, O. F. Poymanova, I. A. Mullina","doi":"10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-148-154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-148-154","url":null,"abstract":"Endometrial polyps are the most commonly observed pathological finding in the uterus. However, to date, there is little data regarding the factors for the development of endometrial polyps in reproductive-age women. This fact determined the direction of our study. A search was conducted among scientific papers in the Science Direct, CochraneLibrary, PubMed databases by keywords (polyps, endometrium, risk factors, reproductive age) for 1994–2022. As a result of the analysis of the scientific literature, we came to the following conclusions: 1. The prevalence of endometrial polyps depends on the studied population, while the actual prevalence is difficult to determine, since the endometrial polyps can be asymptomatic and regress over time. 2. Implementation of endometrial polyps, apparently, depend not on one, but on many factors: genetic, hormonal, metabolic, medicinal. 3. Increasing the amount of endogenous estrogen, the introduction of exogenous estrogen without progesterone component and age are the most important predisposing risk factors for the development of endometrial polyps.","PeriodicalId":18314,"journal":{"name":"Medical Herald of the South of Russia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78877600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalized character of transgender medicine as a barrier to development of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines on gender incongruence","authors":"Y. Kirey-Sitnikova","doi":"10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-83-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-83-92","url":null,"abstract":"Gender transition medical procedures are effective in alleviating gender disphoria. However, their mechanisms of action are not yet fully understood. Hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) and surgeries modify sex characteristics. According to the biomedical model, perception of one's own sex characteristics is the primary contributor to gender dysphoria. Perception of the person in the wrong gender by others and/or their negative reaction is another (and less explored) mechanism leading to gender dysphoria. In order to conduct high-quality epidemiological studies, it is vital to take into consideration and measure intermediate outcomes, such as the degree of feminization/masculinization and the person's perceived gender. Sex characteristics are measurable, so it is possible to develop a feminization/masculinization scale. However, the task is complicated by the fact that various sex characteristics contribute unequally to the person's perceived gender, for which reason they should enter the scale with different coefficients. While such coefficients might be derived from controlled experiments, gender attibution in the real world depends on innumerable social factors. Reaction by others on the person's perceived gender is an additional factor affecting social gender dysphoria. Determining biological factors affecting the effectiveness of HRT in feminization and masculinization is a separate problem.","PeriodicalId":18314,"journal":{"name":"Medical Herald of the South of Russia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76332575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary lymphangioma, lymphedema of the lower limb of the fetus in the practice of ultrasound","authors":"O. Aksenova, E. Chaplygina, O. Kaplunova, V. G. Bedarev, G. V. Bedarev, O. T. Vartanova","doi":"10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-188-192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-188-192","url":null,"abstract":"Scientifically based and experimentally confirmed data on the morphogenesis of the lymphatic system are necessary to clarify critical periods of development characterized by an increased risk of congenital anomalies of the lymphatic system in order to plan and implement effective prevention, diagnosis and correction of related abnormalities. Among the studied anomalies of lymphatic vessels, lymphangioma is most often mentioned — a congenital benign tumor consisting of many cysts of various sizes. Detection of primary fetal lymphangioma in the early stages of intrauterine development is extremely rare. The purpose of the study: to report a case of early diagnosis of congenital cystic lymphangioma and lymphedema of the left lower limb of the fetus. Congenital (primary) peripheral lymphedema, limb lymphangioma is associated with a malformation of the lymphatic system. Taking into account the fact that operative methods of correction of all types of primary lymphedema are considered unreasonable and ineffective, the main attention requires timely detection of this congenital malformation during screening studies of the fetus and the issuance of recommendations for the management of pregnancy, up to termination for medical reasons. It is necessary to raise the issue of genetic counseling of the couple and conducting the necessary genetic studies. The use of modern diagnostic methods allows for the prevention and treatment of abnormalities in the development of the lymphatic system at an earlier stage of the intrauterine period.","PeriodicalId":18314,"journal":{"name":"Medical Herald of the South of Russia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82728831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The profile of comorbid conditions and the structure of mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the Stavropol Territory: preliminary results","authors":"I. Shchendrigin, V. N. Mazharov","doi":"10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-173-182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-173-182","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to study the comorbid background and mortality structure of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the Stavropol region in a cohort of patients of the Stavropol Regional Clinical Hospital (SRCH) within the period 2015–2021. Materials and methods: There was carried out systematic review of the literature. There was carried out the analysis of the protocols of autopsies in the pathoanatomical department of the SRCH within 2015-2021. There were studied the comorbidity component and lethal outcomes of patients with RA in the pathoanatomical diagnosis. Results: the structure of the comorbid pathology of RA patients in the SRCH cohort included coronary heart disease (CHD), autoimmune thyroiditis (AT), respiratory diseases (RD), hypertension (HT), “Blastomatosis”, diabetes mellitus (DM), COVID-19 infection. The comorbidity profile of patients with RA in decreasing order of the incidence of the pathological condition was as follows: CHD (35.29%) > RD (29.41%) > (“Blastomatosis”, СOVID-19 by 11.75%) > (AT, HT, DM by 5.88%). The structure of the conditions that led to the death of patients with RA included: acute myocardial infarction (40.0%), hemorrhagic stroke (6.67%), breast cancer (13.33%), thyroid cancer (6.67%), viral pneumonia (20.0%), sepsis (13.33%). Conclusions: the data obtained provide information that can be used by rheumatologists to optimize the strategy for managing RA and the risk of comorbid conditions.","PeriodicalId":18314,"journal":{"name":"Medical Herald of the South of Russia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72896755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of vascular stiffness in patients with arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis of the lower limb arteries taking into account hypolipidemic therapy","authors":"N. Sementsova, A. Chesnikova, V. Safronenko, N. Skarzhinskaya","doi":"10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-127-136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-127-136","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: estimation of parameters of vascular stiffness in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and atherosclerosis of the arteries of the lower extremities (AALE) taking into account statin therapy. Materials and methods: 120 patients with AH were divided into 3 groups: group 1 — 46 patients with AH and clinically manifested AALE, group 2 — 39 patients with AH and asymptomatic AALE, group 3 — 35 patients with AH without AALE. The patients of each group were divided into 2 subgroups: the 1st subgroup — not receiving statins, the 2nd subgroup — taking statins. All patients underwent laboratory and instrumental studies, including the determination of vascular stiffness parameters using the Vasotens software («Peter Telegin», Nizhny Novgorod) and ultrasonic triplex scanning of the arteries of the lower extremities. Statistical data processing was carried out using Microsoft Office Excel 16 (2015, Microsoft, USA), Statistica 10.0 (StatSoft, USA), IBM SPSS Statistica 26.0 (IBM, USA). Results: lower values of total cholesterol were found in patients of the 2nd subgroup of all studied groups (p<0,05), as well as lower values of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLС) among patients of the 2nd subgroup of the second and third groups (<0,05). In patients of all groups, when using statins, the target values of LDLC were not achieved. Lower values of the arterial stiffness index (ASI) and augmentation index (AIx) were found in patients of the first group of the 2nd subgroup receiving statins in comparison with patients of the 1st subgroup (p<0,05). In patients of the second group of the 2nd subgroup, while taking statins, there was a clear trend towards a lower ASI value compared to the 1st subgroup (p=0.07). Conclusions: the use of statins in patients with hypertension and AALE of varying severity, despite the lack of achievement of target levels of LDLC, contributed to a decrease in vascular stiffness, and, consequently, a decrease in cardiovascular risk.","PeriodicalId":18314,"journal":{"name":"Medical Herald of the South of Russia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90942404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic acids in the evaluation of cell mitochondrial function in underground pregnancy","authors":"I. M. Ordiyants, S. S. Barabasheva, O. K. Molchanova, D. R. Asatryan","doi":"10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-155-160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-155-160","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to determine prognostic significance of low molecular weight metabolites in women with missed abortion. Material and methods: the research included 100 women of reproductive age, 79 of them with missed abortion diagnosed by ultrasound and 21 with progressive pregnancy who were admitted for an artificial abortion. All women underwent immunohistochemical studies of the endometrium and organic acids in blood serum and endometrium were determined by HPLC. Reliably significant organic acids in blood serum and endometrium, associated with metabolic disorders of fatty acids, amino acids, as well as intermediate metabolites in the Krebs cycle. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was performed using the STATISTICA® for Windows, Release 6.0 module package from StatSoft® Inc., USA (2003), serial number AXAR802D898511FA. Results: statistically significant changes were revealed in the profile of organic acids in the studied women at the levels of lactic, pyruvic and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acids. In women with missed abortion, the change in the lactate / pyruvate. In all women with missed abortion, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic were determined, in contrast to women with a progressing pregnancy, combined with morpho-immuno-histochemical features (pronounced focal necrosis, venous fullness, lymphohistiocytic infiltration, increased levels of HLA-DR, CD 16, CD20 expression, reduced VEGF and LIF expression). Conclusion: missed abortion is associated with the accumulation of intermediate metabolites of tyrosine catabolism (4-hydroxyphenyacetic, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic and homogentizic acids), which, despite normal levels of TSH and T4, may reflect organ dysfunction. Timely correction of iodine deficiency in the pre-conception period after missed abortion can be a criterion for a successful subsequent pregnancy. Overcoming iodine deficiency potentiates the possibility of a conceptual restoration of fertility after a previous NB.","PeriodicalId":18314,"journal":{"name":"Medical Herald of the South of Russia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83093915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the role of etiological factors on the likelihood of organic personality disorder","authors":"J. S. Khudina, V. Zaika","doi":"10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-59-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-59-66","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to study the influence of etiological factors on the possibility of the formation of organic personality disorder. Materials and methods: 80 patients with organic personality disorder were examined. The control group was represented by 82 healthy volunteers. Research methods: anamnestic, clinical, and statistical. Results: it was established that heredity aggravated by mental illness, alcoholization and drug addiction of relatives of different kinship lines, perinatal pathology factors associated with the child, diseases suffered in childhood (infectious diseases, etc.), which resulted in severe outcomes in the early stages of treatment in the form of hospitalizations or other complications in the form of pneumonia, bronchitis, etc., convulsive conditions, traumatic brain injuries received in childhood, reveal a reliably significant probability for the occurrence of organic personality disorder. The effect factor of operative interventions performed under general anesthesia in childhood did not show a statistically significant effect. Conclusions: heredity, perinatal pathology, some diseases suffered in childhood, convulsive states and various types of traumatic brain injury significantly increase the likelihood of organic personality disorder.","PeriodicalId":18314,"journal":{"name":"Medical Herald of the South of Russia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77363491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical course and features of the diagnosis of infectious endocarditis in the elderly","authors":"M. Stepchenko, N. S. Meshcherina, E. M. Hardikova, M. Moskalyuk, I. O. Maltseva","doi":"10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-183-187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-183-187","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious endocarditis is a formidable disease characterized by an extremely unfavorable prognosis in its natural course. Analyzing the literature data, it can be noted that the frequency of infectious endocarditis in the Russian Federation has relatively high prevalence rates in relation to other countries. Currently, the problem of early diagnosis of infectious endocarditis remains relevant. Despite the fact that the diagnosis of infectious endocarditis has improved, mainly as a result of the improvement of echocardiographic and microbiological approaches, the introduction of new antibacterial drugs and cardiac surgery technologies into clinical practice, the clinical picture, changes in laboratory parameters can lead to the exclusion of immuno-inflammatory, rheumatic, oncological, hematological diseases, complicating and delaying the diagnosis of infectious endocarditis. The first clinical signs of infectious endocarditis may be nonspecific, and the disease remains unrecognized for weeks or even months. The high frequency of thrombotic, thrombohemorrhagic complications indicates profound changes in the hemostasis system in infectious endocarditis and the need to disclose the pathogenesis of these disorders. The combination of these factors led to the late diagnosis of this disease in the patient. The aim of the study is to study the possibility of improving the results of diagnosis and therapy of patients with infectious endocarditis in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":18314,"journal":{"name":"Medical Herald of the South of Russia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80029373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}