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The effect of toluene inhalation exposure on catecholamine contents in rat sympathetic neurons. 甲苯吸入暴露对大鼠交感神经元中儿茶酚胺含量的影响。
Medical biology Pub Date : 1986-01-01
H Alho, H Tähti, J Koistinaho, A Hervonen
{"title":"The effect of toluene inhalation exposure on catecholamine contents in rat sympathetic neurons.","authors":"H Alho,&nbsp;H Tähti,&nbsp;J Koistinaho,&nbsp;A Hervonen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adult male rats were exposed to toluene in short-term exposure by inhalation for 48 h (2000 ppm, continuously), and in long-term inhalation for 3 months (1000 ppm, 8 h daily). The formaldehyde-induced fluorescence (FIF) technique for histochemical demonstration of catecholamines (CA) was used to detect changes in the catecholamine stores. The concentration of CA in the sympathetic neurons of superior cervical ganglia and adrenal medulla was measured by the FIF technique combined with microfluorimetry. The short-term toluene exposure induced a statistically significant reduction of CA contents in sympathetic neurons. After long-term exposure, no change in the CA level could be demonstrated either in sympathetic ganglion or adrenal medulla. In electron microscopic studies no clear pathological changes were detected after toluene exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":18313,"journal":{"name":"Medical biology","volume":"64 5","pages":"285-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14924214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Type I collagen messenger RNA levels in experimental granulation tissue and silicosis in rats. ⅰ型胶原信使RNA在实验性肉芽组织和矽肺大鼠中的表达。
Medical biology Pub Date : 1986-01-01
J K Mäkelä, E Vuorio
{"title":"Type I collagen messenger RNA levels in experimental granulation tissue and silicosis in rats.","authors":"J K Mäkelä,&nbsp;E Vuorio","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A complementary DNA (cDNA) clone was constructed for chick pro alpha 2(I) collagen mRNA. This and previously constructed cDNA clones for chick and human pro alpha 1(I) collagen mRNAs were used to measure levels of type I procollagen messenger RNAs in two experimental models: viscose cellulose sponge-induced experimental granulation tissue and silica-induced experimental lung fibrosis in rats. Both Northern RNA blot and RNA dot hybridizations were used to quantitate procollagen mRNAs during formation of granulation tissue. The period of rapid collagen synthesis was characterized by high levels of procollagen mRNAs, which were reduced when collagen production returned to a low basal level. The rate of collagen synthesis and the levels of procollagen mRNAs during the period of rapid reduction in collagen production did not, however, parallel with each other. This suggests that translational control mechanisms are important during this time in preventing overproduction of collagen. In silicotic lungs, the early stages of fibroblast activation follow a similar path but appear faster. At a later stage, however, the RNA levels increase again and permit collagen synthesis to continue at a high rate, resulting in massive collagen accumulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18313,"journal":{"name":"Medical biology","volume":"64 1","pages":"15-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14873740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative histochemical distribution of nerve fibres storing noradrenaline and neuropeptide Y (NPY) in human ovary, fallopian tube, and uterus. 储存去甲肾上腺素和神经肽Y (NPY)的神经纤维在人卵巢、输卵管和子宫的比较组织化学分布。
Medical biology Pub Date : 1986-01-01
C Owman, M Stjernquist, G Helm, P Kannisto, N O Sjöberg, F Sundler
{"title":"Comparative histochemical distribution of nerve fibres storing noradrenaline and neuropeptide Y (NPY) in human ovary, fallopian tube, and uterus.","authors":"C Owman,&nbsp;M Stjernquist,&nbsp;G Helm,&nbsp;P Kannisto,&nbsp;N O Sjöberg,&nbsp;F Sundler","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nerves containing noradrenaline were studied by formaldehyde-induced fluorescence and neuropeptide Y (NPY) was visualised by immunohistochemistry in the human ovary, Fallopian tube and uterus. All structures were richly supplied with noradrenergic fibres closely associated with the vascular and non-vascular smooth musculature. NPY-containing nerve terminals were consistently fewer, particularly in the ovary. The best developed nerve supply was found in the tubal isthmus and uterine cervix. Vessels were usually innervated by plexuses of nerves, containing NPY as well as noradrenaline. The discrepancy between the number of the two types of histochemically distinguishable nerves suggests that, if noradrenaline and NPY are co-localised in one and the same nerve, this is not a constant phenomenon in the human female reproductive tract.</p>","PeriodicalId":18313,"journal":{"name":"Medical biology","volume":"64 2-3","pages":"57-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14652043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Localization and possible function of polyamines in protein and peptide secreting cells. 多胺在蛋白质和肽分泌细胞中的定位和可能的功能。
Medical biology Pub Date : 1986-01-01
D M Hougaard, L I Larsson
{"title":"Localization and possible function of polyamines in protein and peptide secreting cells.","authors":"D M Hougaard,&nbsp;L I Larsson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three different cytochemical methods, the formaldehyde-fluorescamine and the ortho-phtalaldehyde fluorescence cytochemical methods as well as immunocytochemistry have been developed for localising the polyamines spermidine and spermine in tissue. All three methods produce identical results and show polyamines to occur inter alia in high concentrations in certain protein- and peptide-secreting cells. Many of these cells also show the capacity to metabolise monoamines and belong to the amine content or amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) series. In cell types where fluorescence microscopical resolution allows, most polyamines appear to be localised to secretory granules. Moreover, studies on isolated pancreatic islets reveal active and glucose-dependent polyamine biosynthesis to occur in insulin cells. Possible function of polyamines in secretory granules are discussed in the light of the above findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":18313,"journal":{"name":"Medical biology","volume":"64 2-3","pages":"89-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14012788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tofizopam selectively increases the action of anticonvulsants. Tofizopam选择性地增加抗惊厥药的作用。
Medical biology Pub Date : 1986-01-01
V Saano
{"title":"Tofizopam selectively increases the action of anticonvulsants.","authors":"V Saano","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of tofizopam, a 3,4-benzodiazepine (BZ) derivative, in modulating the anticonvulsive action of various drugs was investigated in mice. Electric shock and intravenous infusion of bicuculline were used as convulsive agents. Tofizopam increased the action of clonazepam, diazepam and flunitrazepam against bicuculline. The anticonvulsive effect of diazepam against electroshocks was augmented only slightly. Tofizopam failed to alter the actions of carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, or sodium valproate against either of the convulsive stimuli. Both in vitro and in vivo, tofizopam has been shown to stimulate the binding of 1,4-BZs (e.g., flunitrazepam) to BZ receptors. Similarly, tofizopam enhances the binding of muscimol to GABA receptors. Although several anticonvulsants act on the GABA-BZ receptor complex, tofizopam seems to modify selectively the anticonvulsive action of 1,4-BZs, and this effect is seen better in bicuculline-induced seizures than in electroshocks.</p>","PeriodicalId":18313,"journal":{"name":"Medical biology","volume":"64 4","pages":"201-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14157123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Maintenance of fetal human pancreatic beta cells in tissue culture. 组织培养中胎儿胰腺β细胞的维持。
Medical biology Pub Date : 1986-01-01
R C McEvoy, N M Thomas, C Bowers, F Ginsberg-Fellner
{"title":"Maintenance of fetal human pancreatic beta cells in tissue culture.","authors":"R C McEvoy,&nbsp;N M Thomas,&nbsp;C Bowers,&nbsp;F Ginsberg-Fellner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large quantities of viable human islet tissue (beta cells) are required for transplant and for investigations of the autoimmune basis of Type I diabetes. Fetal pancreas offers a potential advantage over other possible sources of beta cells in that it retains some capacity for growth in vitro. We have cultured a total of 45 human pancreata from fetuses of gestational ages from 18 to 23 weeks. Each pancreas was obtained within minutes after delivery and usually cultured within 30 minutes. Pancreata were dispersed and cultured for up to 32 days. Maintenance and growth of the beta cells was assessed by the content of insulin in extracts of cultured tissue. As has been reported by others, fetal human beta cells survived in vitro for over 4 weeks. In three experiments in which a direct comparison was made, collagenase digestion of the fetal pancreas resulted in a significantly greater loss of insulin content compared to minced tissue cultured without digestion. Storage of three pancreata in medium overnight at 4 degrees C significantly reduced the insulin content of the pancreas compared to pancreata cultured immediately. During culture, the majority of the beta cells (based on insulin content) were found in small, macroscopic clumps attached to the surface of the culture dish, and surrounded by a nearly confluent monolayer of fibroblastoid cells. There was a marked decrease in the insulin content of the tissue during culture, most of it (to less than 25% of the original) occurring over the first 4-6 days of culture.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":18313,"journal":{"name":"Medical biology","volume":"64 5","pages":"271-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14160412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Endothelium--an organized monolayer of highly specialized cells. 内皮——由高度特化的细胞组成的有组织的单层细胞。
Medical biology Pub Date : 1986-01-01
M Hormia, I Virtanen
{"title":"Endothelium--an organized monolayer of highly specialized cells.","authors":"M Hormia,&nbsp;I Virtanen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research on endothelial cells has expanded in near exponential fashion during the last few years and has become a noteworthy field of both clinical and experimental investigation. Endothelium is indisputably a highly specialized tissue which mediates and controls many physiological and pathological processes. It can no longer be regarded as a passive semipermeable barrier between blood and tissues. The endothelial cell--the structural unit of endothelium--is, consequently, a metabolically highly active cell with many unique characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":18313,"journal":{"name":"Medical biology","volume":"64 5","pages":"247-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14666515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of single neonatal treatment with allylestrenol or diethylstilbestrol on microsomal enzyme activity of rat liver in adulthood. 烯丙雌醇或己烯雌酚对成年期大鼠肝脏微粒体酶活性的影响。
Medical biology Pub Date : 1986-01-01
G Csaba, S Szeberényi, O Dobozy
{"title":"Influence of single neonatal treatment with allylestrenol or diethylstilbestrol on microsomal enzyme activity of rat liver in adulthood.","authors":"G Csaba,&nbsp;S Szeberényi,&nbsp;O Dobozy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A single neonatal treatment of rats with a steroid (allylestrenol or diethylstilbestrol) did not alter the later activity of the hepatic microsomal (cytochrome P-450) enzyme system, but inhibited the inducer action of another steroid (testosterone) administered at the age of six weeks. This suggests that a hormonal imprinting-like mechanism also operates in the case of enzymes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18313,"journal":{"name":"Medical biology","volume":"64 4","pages":"197-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14903488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of sera from male type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetics on human aortic smooth muscle cells in culture. 男性2型(非胰岛素依赖)糖尿病患者血清对培养的人主动脉平滑肌细胞的影响。
Medical biology Pub Date : 1986-01-01
H Järveläinen, T Rönnemaa, J Viikari
{"title":"Effect of sera from male type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetics on human aortic smooth muscle cells in culture.","authors":"H Järveläinen,&nbsp;T Rönnemaa,&nbsp;J Viikari","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of sera from male type 2 (non-insulin dependent) diabetics in variable metabolic control on the proliferation of, and on the synthesis of hyaluronic acid and collagen in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HSMCs) in culture was studied. Pooled sera from diabetics in poor metabolic control either with or without antidiabetic drugs stimulated the proliferation and hyaluronic acid synthesis of the cells more than did pooled serum from healthy controls. On the other hand, pooled serum from diabetics in good metabolic control did not have a higher stimulatory effect on the growth of HSMCs than pooled control serum. Indeed, it increased the synthesis of hyaluronic acid similarly as did the pooled serum from poorly controlled diabetics. The synthesis of collagen was not affected by pooled diabetic sera. When the effects of 14 male diabetic sera were individually measured using the same functions of HSMCs, metabolic control of diabetes did not correlate with various activities of diabetic sera on HSMCs. The results show that sera of type 2 diabetics contain factors affecting the functions of HSMCs. The activity of the factors on cell proliferation is related to some extent to the degree of glycemic control, as shown in experiments with serum pools, but experiments with individual sera show that other serum properties unrelated to the metabolic control of diabetes are also of importance.</p>","PeriodicalId":18313,"journal":{"name":"Medical biology","volume":"64 6","pages":"361-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14938908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A possible biological function of carbohydrate structures which are typical of erythrocytes. 红细胞典型的碳水化合物结构可能具有的生物学功能。
Medical biology Pub Date : 1986-01-01
J Kościelak
{"title":"A possible biological function of carbohydrate structures which are typical of erythrocytes.","authors":"J Kościelak","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbohydrates of erythrocyte glycoconjugates seem to be specifically designed so that they do not appreciably interact with other types of cells or ligands. This applies to glycosphingolipids (GSLs) and glycoproteins (GPs). An important distinction between the two types of glycoconjugates seems to be that GPs, apart from carrying carbohydrates, have some biological function which is most likely associated with their protein moieties. GSLs of erythrocytes, including the ABH, PP1 and Pk blood group substances, are viewed as energetically cheap membrane-packing substances filling in the membrane areas not covered by functional GPs. Their sole function should be the formation of inert carbohydrate protective layer at the membrane. The role of the inert carbohydrate structures in the development, tumorigenesis and evolution of blood group polymorphism is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":18313,"journal":{"name":"Medical biology","volume":"64 6","pages":"331-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14669169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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