MATEC Web of Conferences最新文献

{"title":"Applications and Recycling of Lithium-ion Batteries","authors":"Xiaoying Xu, Wenxi Zhang","doi":"10.1051/matecconf/202338603006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338603006","url":null,"abstract":"With the rise of global warming, people have turned to electricity as a means of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have emerged as a popular energy conservation solution. However, as the use of LIBs increases, the recycling industry is facing significant wastemanagement challenges. The decreasing content of precious metals in LIBs has led to a decline in recycling income. This article explores the application of LIBs in new energy vehicles, and evaluates the challenges faced by the recycling industry and provides suggestions for overcoming them. Currently, lithium iron phosphate, lithium nickel cobalt manganese and lithium nickel cobalt aluminum batteries have been used in new energy vehicle power batteries. The main recycle methods include direct recycling, hydrometallurgy, and pyrometallurgy. The article then suggests that improved recycling lines that use artificial intelligence and renew manufacturing standards may be beneficial solutions. By addressing these challenges, the problems associated with LIB recycling may be transformed into opportunities for the future.","PeriodicalId":18309,"journal":{"name":"MATEC Web of Conferences","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135318141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technologies for the Use of Positive Electrode Materials for New Energy Vehicles","authors":"Mingwei Qiu","doi":"10.1051/matecconf/202338603004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338603004","url":null,"abstract":"Under China's relevant policies, the focus on civilian vehicles has shifted from fuel vehicles to new energy vehicles. However, there are a variety of choices for the positive electrode materials of battery systems, and different positive electrodes have different advantages. This paper investigates three cathode materials used in new energy vehicles, describes their preparation methods, and compares their performances. The results are that the highest first discharge specific capacity is for a lithium-ion battery prepared from LiNi 0.94 Co 0.04 Al 0.02 (OH) 2 as the cathode material, and the highest first coulomb efficiency and cycle capacity retention is for a lithium iron phosphate battery prepared from a LiFePO 4 /C composite. The purpose of studying the three materials in this paper is to understand the advantages and disadvantages of the batteries used in the current new energy electric vehicles, and in the follow-up research, try to further improve their characteristics according to these their battery capacity and thermal stability.","PeriodicalId":18309,"journal":{"name":"MATEC Web of Conferences","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135318364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the wear resistance of 3D printed spur gears through a free-form tooth flank optimization process","authors":"Christos Kalligeros, Christos Papalexis, Dimitrios Georgiou, Dimitrios Krifos, Christos Vakouftsis, Klearchos Terpos, Konstantinos Goudas, Panagiotis Balis, Theodoros Kontaris, Georgios Kaisarlis, Antonios Tsolakis, Pavlos Zalimidis, Nickolas Sapidis, Christopher G. Provatidis, Vasilios Spitas","doi":"10.1051/matecconf/202338701002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338701002","url":null,"abstract":"Involute gears have traditionally been the preferred choice for gear transmission systems due to their simplicity and interchangeability. However, there are applications where they do not provide the most durable and efficient solution. While the cost of implementing optimized non-involute gears in most applications often outweighs their comparative advantages, the advent of additive manufacturing has opened up possibilities for designers to explore alternative gear tooth profiles. This is particularly relevant in the realm of plastic gears, where optimized non-involute gears produced through 3D printing can address their primary drawbacks, such as surface durability and wear resistance. In this study, a comprehensive free-form optimization process was conducted to determine the optimal tooth profile that minimizes wear on 3D printed spur gears during operation. The tooth flank geometry was represented using a 4th order B-spline curve, and a genetic algorithm was employed to determine the optimum positions of the control points aiming to minimize wear depth across the tooth flanks. The spur gears were manufactured using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) with PLA material. The parameters of the additive manufacturing process were experimentally fine-tuned to achieve the best possible accuracy. To evaluate the performance of the optimized free-form gears, two case studies were implemented, demonstrating that the optimized gears achieved a remarkable reduction of average wear depth by more than 50% and a reduction of maximum wear depth by more than 69% compared to standard involute gears. To further validate the effectiveness of the optimization method, experiments were carried out using an FZG test rig. The profiles of the tooth flanks were measured on a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) before and after the experiments to compare the wear depth against the standard involute gears. The results revealed a significant improvement in the wear resistance of the tooth flanks, with a reduction of wear depth of 44.1%.","PeriodicalId":18309,"journal":{"name":"MATEC Web of Conferences","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135448902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy efficiency analysis of double suction centrifugal pumps with new impeller geometry","authors":"Amandyk Tuleshov, Madina Issametova, Azhayev Askar, Tanysabayeva Akzhan","doi":"10.1051/matecconf/202338701007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338701007","url":null,"abstract":"The development of energy saving determines the importance of improving the efficiency of equipment that uses most of the energy consumed. Pumping equipment is one of the most significant consumers of electrical energy. Thus, the drive of pumps (mainly centrifugal pumps) at some CHPPs consumes up to 10 % of the total energy produced at the plant [1]. In general, the total share of consumption of pumping equipment operated in industry, according to various estimates, is from 15 to 25 % of all generated electricity. In this paper, a new impeller configuration (with variable blade curvature) for double suction centrifugal pumps with higher efficiency was proposed. The head and efficiency of centrifugal pump with different vane grids were compared. The main conclusions are that the static pressure and relative velocity have increased in the modernised impeller, leading to an increase in hydraulic and overall efficiency, the kinetic energy of turbulence has less pulsation. the operating point of the pump has shifted. In spite of the fact that the average integral efficiency has increased in the modified pump, the operating point of the pump is shifted to the side of decreasing flow by 1.5%. The theory of the variable curvature vane system was verified by computational methods.","PeriodicalId":18309,"journal":{"name":"MATEC Web of Conferences","volume":"159 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135448954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification and Application Research of Lithium Electronic Batteries","authors":"Jinya He","doi":"10.1051/matecconf/202338603008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338603008","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the damaging effects of burning fossil fuels on the environment and petrol has started to decline, the demand for sustainable energy has risen sharply, and lithium electronic batteries have become a hot spot today due to their high specific capacity, high self-discharge rate, long life and high safety performance. Since lithium metal is an active metal, its preparation and preservation have high requirements on the environment. This paper discusses the development history, working principle, classification and practical application of lithium electronic batteries in real life. The two types of lithium batteries are called lithium metal batteries and lithium ion batteries, respectively. The battery of lithium electronic battery is composed of positive electrode, diaphragm, organic electrolyte, battery shell and negative electrode. Rechargeable battery is also called “lithium ion\". Its working principle is to cycle lithium ion back and forth between positive and negative electrodes, and to add and reuse lithium ion alternately and continuously between positive and negative electrodes during charge and discharge. There are basically three categories of lithium-ion battery electrolyte: liquid, solid and molten salt. At present, lithium iron phosphate or frequently used nickel-manganese-cobalt ternary materials are employed as the cathode of standard goods., and negative electrode is mainly graphite and other carbon materials. A better study could result from a deeper understanding of lithium-ion batteries, providing a wealth of theoretical knowledge for in-depth research.","PeriodicalId":18309,"journal":{"name":"MATEC Web of Conferences","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135317134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The analysis of oil circuit cooling of a screw compressor","authors":"Jan Pospíchal, Michal Volf","doi":"10.1051/matecconf/202338300018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338300018","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyses the fluid flow and heat transfer in the heat exchanger connected to the SMARTRONIC screw compressor housing manufactured by ATMOS Chrást s.r.o. using numerical simulations. The work aims to describe the flow in all parts of the exchanger and to determine the distribution of the temperature field inside.","PeriodicalId":18309,"journal":{"name":"MATEC Web of Conferences","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135060100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Comparison of Laser Diffraction, PDA and Photogrammetry for Aerosol Measurement","authors":"Adam Huněk, Ondřej Bartoš","doi":"10.1051/matecconf/202338300011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338300011","url":null,"abstract":"Optical methods are established as a standard tool for aerosol size measurement. The aim of this paper is to compare the results of two commercial optical instruments based on the phase-Doppler anemometry (PDA) and laser diffraction (LD) with the inhouse optical photogrammetric measurement method. For the purpose of this measurement, a new inhouse image processing procedure was developed with the use of MATLAB script. The accuracy of this method was tested on several calibration particle samples with a sufficient agreement with the PDA and LD commercial instruments. Subsequently, the water droplet distributions of a two-phase nozzle were evaluated by all three methods. The knowledge of the detailed droplet size distribution of the nozzle is then to be used for the development of a new facility for the study of heterogeneous droplet nucleation. Moreover, these results are useful for determining the advantages and disadvantages of these methods for their application in the wider field of aerosol technology.","PeriodicalId":18309,"journal":{"name":"MATEC Web of Conferences","volume":"176 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135104185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Car wrapping – as a method of protecting the paint coating","authors":"Szymon Baranowski, J. Boiko, E. Kulis, M. Liss","doi":"10.1051/matecconf/202337501004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202337501004","url":null,"abstract":"Wrapping vehicles with a special foil is not only a desire to stand out, change color, advertise your company or mark a special vehicle, but also a from of protecting the paint coating against the negative influence of external factors – e.g. UV radiation, acid rain, road pollution. It is therefore necessary to do it in a professional plant, which will guarantee that the appropriate selection of the applied film will fulfill its protective character. The article presents the issue related to the proteciton of the paint coating.","PeriodicalId":18309,"journal":{"name":"MATEC Web of Conferences","volume":"2673 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75545382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tungsten oxide thin film for room temperature nitrogen dioxide gas sensing","authors":"Thokozani Mpanza, Ceboliyazakha L. Ndlangamandla, B. Ngom, S. Nkosi, Thulani P. Jili, C. Thethwayo, Puleng N. Biyela, Ntokozo G. Cebekhulu, Prince S. Mkwae, Sunday A. Ogundipe","doi":"10.1051/matecconf/202337401003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202337401003","url":null,"abstract":"Tungsten oxide (WO3) thin films for gas sensing have been successfully deposited using reactive direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering at different deposition temperatures (300 °C, 400 °C and 500 °C). The structural, morphological properties, thickness and composition have been investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) techniques. To investigate the effect of deposition temperature on the gas sensing properties of deposited thin films on alumina substrates, was conducted using the Kenosistec gas sensing unit. WO3 thin film deposited at 500 °C exhibited a higher response when sensing Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at room temperature as compared to the thin films prepared at 300 °C and 400 °C, respectively. However, as deposited WO3 thin films exhibited low sensitivity when sensing reducing gases such as hydrogen (H2) and ammonia (NH3), which was an indication of good selectivity properties of WO3 related sensors.","PeriodicalId":18309,"journal":{"name":"MATEC Web of Conferences","volume":"224 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75889241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sulphur doping of nickel ferrite nanosheet array for enhanced water oxidation","authors":"Haijun Liu, B. Dong","doi":"10.1051/matecconf/202338201022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338201022","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial water electrolysis requires highly-active and ampere-current-bearing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts, but achieving such a large operating current density at low overpotentials in available OER catalysts still remains a grand challenge. Herein, we report a facile and conventional strategy to grow vertically non-metallic modified nickel ferrite nanosheets on Fe foam (S-NiFe2O4/IF) as largecurrent-density OER catalysts. The vertically aligned nanosheet arrays can offer large electrochemical surface area, and the spacing between nanoarrays can allow for effective electrolyte access to the active sites. The introduction of S enhanced the adsorption and dissociation to water and optimized the adsorption of OER intermediates. As a result, S-NiFe2O4/IF exhibits superior OER activity with an overpotential of 287 and 326 mV to achieve 100 and 500 mA cm−2, respectively, and displays robust stability in alkaline media. In addition, the synthesis strategy developed here can be applied to other mixed transition metal oxides with similar selfsupported earth-abundant nanoarrays for advanced electrocatalysis in energy-related reactions.","PeriodicalId":18309,"journal":{"name":"MATEC Web of Conferences","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75966922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}