Nebechi Kate Obiora , Chika Oliver Ujah , Benjamin Nnamdi Ekwueme , Christian O. Asadu , Peter Apata Olubambi
{"title":"Production of sustainable graphene and its derivatives through flash joule heating: A systemic review","authors":"Nebechi Kate Obiora , Chika Oliver Ujah , Benjamin Nnamdi Ekwueme , Christian O. Asadu , Peter Apata Olubambi","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The goal of this critique is to examine the newer Flash Joule Heating (FJH) technique for the production of graphene and hydrogen to determine if either production method is sustainable. By conducting an in-depth evaluation into the FJH technique as well as other methods such as chemical vapor deposition, this review seeks to determine which is the most effective method. With high-voltage pulses, FJH can quickly transform waste materials rich in carbon, such as biomass and plastics, into superior quality graphene, while also producing hydrogen gas as a by-product. FJH has been estimated to use around 7.2 kJ/g of energy which is considerably lower than other methods, and it also has a higher scalability and a 90% lower carbon footprint than the classical methods and does not need as many costly catalysts and undergoes less energy demanding processes like electrolysis, which makes it more economically viable. Its usage has been extended to cover energy storage, hydrogen systems, and water purification. With such complex systems, there is bound to be variation in feedstock and defect control which can be solved using advanced AI/ML optimization and better pre-treatments. FJH is one step closer to achieving circular economy goals by turning waste products into materials of value, demonstrating the ability to mass produce hydrogen and graphene in an economical manner to aid in the ideal of a carbon–neutral energy future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 14-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Repurposing of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash for phosphate removal in batch and continuous flow column experiments","authors":"Onchanok Juntarasakul , Thidarat Meekoch , Pongthon Roongcharoen , Kotaro Yonezu , Carlito Baltazar Tabelin , Palot Srichonphaisarn , Theerayut Phengsaart","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2026.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2026.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI-FA), a by-product of burning wastes at high temperatures for volume and mass reduction, is a promising, cost-effective, and sustainable adsorbent for phosphate (PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3–</sup>) removal due to its significant calcium oxide (CaO), silicon dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>), aluminum oxide (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), and iron oxide (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) contents, which facilitate phosphate removal via adsorption and chemical precipitation reactions. This study investigates the efficiency of MSWI-FA for phosphate removal from wastewater through batch and continuous flow column experiments, with a particular focus on the influence of particle size, pH, contact time, and hydraulic retention time (HRT). Batch experiments showed that the –75 µm fraction achieved the highest phosphate removal (∼70%) at pH 6, with adsorption behavior controlled by chemisorption. Continuous flow column experiments revealed that a 25 mm bed provided 91.3% removal, while a 15 mL/min flow rate achieved ∼99% removal within 480 min. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis supported a dual removal mechanism of phosphate: (i) surface adsorption through hydroxyl and metal oxide functional groups (e.g., Al–OH, Fe–OH, Si–OH) (IR bands at ∼1050, ∼560 cm<sup>–1</sup>; ∼3000–3700 cm<sup>–1</sup>), and (ii) chemical precipitation with calcium ions forming calcium phosphate compounds (IR band at ∼1300–1600 cm<sup>–1</sup>). These findings underscore the practical potential of MSWI-FA in wastewater treatment and support its alignment with circular economy goals through waste valorization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 32-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147710103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced ion transport in CNT-doped PVA/HCl/TEOS electrolyte membranes for aluminium-air batteries","authors":"Firman Ridwan , Gifahri Renardy , Dean Bilalwa Agusto , Darwison Darwison","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of carbon nanotube (CNT) incorporation on the electrochemical performance of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/HCl/TEOS-based solid polymer electrolytes for rechargeable aluminium-air batteries. CNTs were introduced in varying quantities (0–0.05 g), while a polylactic acid (PLA) nanofiber layer containing carbon quantum dots (CQDs) was integrated as a separator to enhance ion transport. The inclusion of CNTs improved the amorphous structure, as evidenced by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and optimized ionic pathways within the polymer-silica network. The PHT0.05CNT membrane exhibited the highest ionic conductivity of 6.25 × 10<sup>−3</sup> S cm<sup>−1</sup>, while transference number analysis confirmed predominant ionic conduction (T<sub>ion</sub> = 0.923). Among the tested compositions, PHT0.02CNT achieved the best battery performance, delivering a capacity of 0.4168 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> and an energy density of 0.145 mWh g<sup>−1</sup>. Cyclic voltammetry further demonstrated enhanced redox reversibility with the addition of CNTs. These findings underscore that controlled CNT incorporation significantly enhances ion transport and electrochemical performance, suggesting strong potential for developing high-efficiency aluminium-air batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145771897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tailoring the Mn/Co ratio in electrospun Mn-Co oxide embedded-carbon nanofibers as cathode for high-performance zinc-ion batteries","authors":"Adnan Ahmed , Amornrat Khampuanbut , Pinit Kidkhunthod , Wanwisa Limphirat , Hiroshi Uyama , Manunya Okhawilai , Prasit Pattananuwat","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Manganese- and cobalt-based materials are considered promising cathode candidates for zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) due to their environmental sustainability, high specific capacities, and the natural abundance of their constituent elements compared to those used in other metal-ion battery technologies. Nonetheless, their extensive utilization is impeded by sluggish kinetics and suboptimal durability. In addressing these challenges through nanostructure engineering, we present a novel approach by tailoring the Mn/Co ratio to synthesize MnCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (MCO) and CoMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (CMO) entrapped carbon nanofibers (CNFs) via the electrospinning technique and post-treatment. MCO-CNFs and CMO-CNFs exhibit excellent performance as zinc cathodes in ZIBs, achieving initial specific capacities of 501.94 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> and 399.32 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 0.05 A g<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. CMO-CNFs demonstrate superior rate performance at high current densities, whereas MCO-CNFs exhibit better cycle stability. This complementary behavior highlights the tunable electrochemical characteristics enabled by Mn/Co ratio adjustment. Insightfully, the influence of the Mn/Co ratio on the electronic state<!--> <!-->of the elements and the electrochemical storage behavior of ZIBs during the charge/discharge process is convincingly explored using ex-situ techniques such as scanning electron microscopy and operando X-ray absorption near-edge structure, proving that MCO-CNFs are more stable and redox-reversible than CMO-CNFs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 219-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144907620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad , Nofrijon Sofyan , Akhmad Herman Yuwono , Donanta Dhaneswara
{"title":"A review on green synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles: enhancing DSSC performance and exploring future opportunities","authors":"Muhammad , Nofrijon Sofyan , Akhmad Herman Yuwono , Donanta Dhaneswara","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global energy security has been destabilized by post-pandemic disruptions, geopolitical instability, and climate-related events, accelerating the need for sustainable alternatives such as solar technologies. Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), a cost-effective and environmentally friendly third-generation photovoltaic technology, have attracted significant research interest in recent decades, particularly in enhancing the properties of the photoanode material. This review emphasizes the role of green synthesis approaches as promising alternatives to conventional chemical methods. These eco-friendly strategies utilize biological compounds as reducing and capping agents, enabling better control over particle size and morphology, improving DSSC performance by enhancing electron transport properties and dye-loading capacity. However, product consistency and reproducibility issues remain significant challenges, particularly for scaling up and commercialization. This paper also outlines future directions, including extract fingerprinting, hybrid nanostructure development, and integrating artificial intelligence and machine learning for synthesis optimization. The green synthesis of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles holds strong potential for advancing DSSC performance while supporting the transition toward sustainable energy technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 188-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144685850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ermiya Prasad P. , Y.Ranjith Kumar , Sudhir D. Jagadale , Chepuri R.K. Rao , Sidhanath V. Bhosale
{"title":"Exploration of acid-doped polyureas with redox-active aniline oligomers for supercapacitor applications","authors":"Ermiya Prasad P. , Y.Ranjith Kumar , Sudhir D. Jagadale , Chepuri R.K. Rao , Sidhanath V. Bhosale","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the rapidly growing modern era, the advancement of electrochemical energy storage (EES) materials for electronic devices is a key challenge. Herein, we report the synthesis of novel redox-active polyureas (PUrs) bearing carbonyl functional group and repeated redox segments starting from the redox-active amine-capped trianiline (ACTA) and amine-capped tetraaniline (ACTAni). These materials are doped with 2 M HCl and designated as DPTA and DPTAni. The material properties and surface analysis are thoroughly analyzed by fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy, field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) techniques. In a three-electrode (3E) system, DPTA achieves a high specific capacitance (<em>C</em><sub>sp</sub>) of 260.9 F/g, outperforming DPTAni of 239 F/g, as determined by galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) measurements. However, long-term cycling stability exhibits the capacitance retention for DPTA and DPTAni was about 59.12 % and 46.38 %, respectively, for 2000 cycles and with a significant decrement of <em>C</em><sub>sp</sub> for 5000 cycles owing to an increase in the solution resistance, as confirmed by Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). This study highlights the potential of carbonyl-functionalized PUrs as promising candidates for next-generation pseudo-capacitive materials, with further optimizations for enhancing cycling stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 231-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Muhammad Afdhal Saputra , Marpongahtun , Andriayani , Diana Alemin Barus , Ronn Goei , Alfred Tok , Muhammad Ibadurrahman , H.T.S Risky Ramadhan , Muhammad Irvan Hasibuan , Ton Peijs , Saharman Gea
{"title":"Facile synthesis and electrochemical performance of bacterial cellulose/reduced graphene oxide/NiCo-layered double hydroxide composite film for self-standing supercapacitor electrode","authors":"A. Muhammad Afdhal Saputra , Marpongahtun , Andriayani , Diana Alemin Barus , Ronn Goei , Alfred Tok , Muhammad Ibadurrahman , H.T.S Risky Ramadhan , Muhammad Irvan Hasibuan , Ton Peijs , Saharman Gea","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study employs a cost-efficient method to create a pliable BC/rGO-NiCo-LDH electrode film on a bacterial cellulose base. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) analyses verified the incorporation of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and nickel–cobalt layered double hydroxide (NiCo-LDH) into the bacterial cellulose structure. The BC/rGO-NiCo-LDH composite material exhibited high-temperature stability and achieved a specific capacitance of 311 F g<sup>−1</sup> at a scan rate of 0.1 mV/s, surpassing that of earlier cellulose electrodes. The electrode film showed exceptional mechanical capabilities, displaying flexibility and load resistance without any structural damage. The film’s flexibility and lightweight properties were improved due to the low density of 0.656 g cm<sup>−3</sup>, which is a result of the nanoporous structure and intrinsic low density of rGO and cellulose. A retention ratio of 0.40 for storage modulus at a glass transition temperature of around 90°C demonstrated positive mechanical performance. This cost-effective and uncomplicated synthesis approach produced a BC/rGO-NiCo-LDH electrode with potential. The material possessed favourable mechanical and electrochemical characteristics, making it suitable for wearable electronics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 66-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S258929912400017X/pdfft?md5=fd04eadb0ba29e0223deec7e4f851883&pid=1-s2.0-S258929912400017X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142021480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Firman Ridwan , Dandi Agusta , Muhammad Akbar Husin , Dahyunir Dahlan
{"title":"Evaluation of the addition of cement ash to the PVA/TEOS/HCl gel electrolyte on the performance of aluminium air batteries","authors":"Firman Ridwan , Dandi Agusta , Muhammad Akbar Husin , Dahyunir Dahlan","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cement manufacturing presents substantial environmental challenges due to the volume of waste generated, including cement ash. Therefore, it is crucial to discover novel methods to utilize cement waste effectively. This study aimed to examine the impact of different concentrations of cement ash (1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 g) on the conductivity of PVA/TEOS/HCl (PTH) gel electrolyte materials. The primary goal was to determine the ideal concentration of cement ash that would yield maximum conductivity. The research findings demonstrated that the PTH2.5CA sample attained the greatest conductivity of 2.78 mS/cm when adding 2.5 g of cement ash. In addition, this material exhibits a capacity of 0.354 mAh, a specific capacity of 0.12826 mAh/g, and a density capacity of 0.11813 mAh/cm<sup>2</sup>. The power and power densities were measured as 6.48 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> and 25.94 mW, respectively. These findings offer promising prospects for implementing sustainable practices in the industry and highlight the viability of utilizing cement waste as a significant element in battery membrane materials. This technique addresses environmental issues related to cement waste and contributes to advancing a more eco-friendly waste management system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 24-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589299124000132/pdfft?md5=7730edd5e95b308bd1147aa4fa41f411&pid=1-s2.0-S2589299124000132-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141698958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Valorization of plastic waste for interfacial solar evaporation: A sustainable pathway towards clean water generation","authors":"Shahd Sefelnasr , Maryam Nooman AlMallahi , Mahmoud Elgendi","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plastic pollution and water scarcity are urgent global challenges that demand sustainable solutions. Municipal solid waste (MSW), including plastic waste, is a crucial environmental challenge that contributes to global pollution and threatens ecosystems. MSW can be used in various applications beyond disposal, such as energy recovery systems, biogas production, the development of construction materials, and desalination. For instance, in interfacial solar evaporation (ISE), waste plastic efficiently produces water through solar-driven steam generation. Plastic materials possess properties such as low thermal conductivity and hydrophobicity that can enhance water evaporation efficiency. This review evaluates recent advances in plastic upcycling strategies and fabrication techniques for enhancing ISE. ISE systems using plastic garbage bags with direct repurposing reached a water evaporation rate of 8.96 kg⋅m<sup>−2</sup>⋅h<sup>−1</sup>. Repurposing plastic waste into solar evaporators, transparent solar stills, and insulation materials significantly improves water evaporation efficiency. In addition, the integration of plastic waste in ISE contributes to multiple Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including Clean Water and Sanitation (SDG<!--> <!-->6), Responsible Consumption and Production (SDG<!--> <!-->12), and Climate Action (SDG<!--> <!-->13). Furthermore, integrating waste management strategies with innovative water purification technologies enables scholars to assess the potential of waste plastic in advancing ISE for more sustainable water evaporation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 243-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145516495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sustainable upcycling of spent potlining waste into grossular garnet materials for energy-related optoelectronic and ceramic applications","authors":"Muhammad Suliman Khan , Xiping Chen , Yanhua Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The valorization of hazardous spent potlining (SPL) waste into functional ceramics remains a formidable challenge due to its thermodynamic inertness and structural heterogeneity. This study presents a novel mechanochemical–thermal synthesis route enabling phase-pure formation of (Ca<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>(SiO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> grossular (GSR)) garnet directly from SPL, employing Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> and CaCO<sub>3</sub> as mineralizing additives. Post-synthesis calcination at 1200–1300 °C (at 25 °C intervals) for 5 h facilitated complete transformation into a highly ordered cubic Ia-3d garnet phase. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed sequential carbonate decomposition and volatile evolution above 1100 °C, while XRD confirmed sharp reflections characteristic of GSR garnet crystallinity. SEM analysis of the product exhibited dense, polygonal microstructures with minimal porosity and an average grain size of 2.8 µm. Elemental profiling revealed thermally activated incorporation of Ca, Al, and Si, with maximal oxide stabilization (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CaO, and SiO<sub>2</sub>). FTIR spectra showed distinct Si-O stretching (875–1083.5 cm<sup>−1</sup>) and bending (529.88 cm<sup>−1</sup>) modes, alongside Ca-O and Al-O lattice vibrations, confirming complete oxide incorporation. Optical spectroscopy indicated a strong UV absorption edge and an indirect bandgap of 4.86 eV, consistent with DFT-predicted 4.59 eV. First-principles calculations verified high thermodynamic stability (E<sub>0</sub> = −34347.433 eV, B<sub>0</sub> = 192.878 GPa, ΔH<sub>f</sub> = -5755 kJ/mol) and a lattice parameter of a = 12.16 Å. The material exhibited strong UV absorption (5.6 × 10<sup>3</sup> cm<sup>−1</sup>), dielectric constant (ɛ<sub>1</sub> = 4.8), and refractive index (n = 1.8). This work pioneers a sustainable materials design strategy, merging waste remediation with the creation of optoelectronic garnet materials for next-generation energy-related optoelectronic and ceramic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 256-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}