{"title":"A systematic review of data-driven & machine learning frameworks for minimizing the emergency response rate","authors":"Rana Mohtasham Aftab","doi":"10.18488/63.v11i2.3498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/63.v11i2.3498","url":null,"abstract":"Many blackouts have occurred in recent years across the world, wreaking havoc on socioeconomic progress. As a result, it has become a crucial area for research into emergency scenarios like power outages, traffic management, and petrochemical unit dangers, as well as ways for decreasing losses caused by these events. Because the most essential item in an endangered circumstance is life, a person will discover a rapid and precise solution with little response time in an uncommon situation. Many lives have been lost in recent years as a result of ineffective emergency response. Therefore, the main goal of the research is to develop a data-driven emergency response system based on efficient machine learning techniques that is independent of human resources and will provide the necessary emergency response in a fast way. This paper offers preliminary findings from the development of the Emergency Response Assist System, which intends to increase first respond situational awareness and safety. The system collects the essential information from text format about what the caller will say, systematically produces cases, determines the type of the case, and then informs the appropriate department. It keeps track of response time since computers are significantly faster and more efficient than people. Experiments on real crash data and models using data sets show a significant reduction in resource requirements and an accurate reduction in emergency response time.","PeriodicalId":182680,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Natural Sciences Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135147887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microarray image enhancement techniques by denoising: Current status and future directions","authors":"Shreenidhi Bs, Saravanakumar Ramachandran","doi":"10.18488/63.v11i1.3393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/63.v11i1.3393","url":null,"abstract":"Microarray imaging is a technique for simultaneously detecting the expression of numerous genes. Microarrays are simply a slide with unique Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) probes, often known as gene chips. This paper aims to provide an overview of important contributions to the field of image denoising in the context of microarray imaging. The methodologies discussed in the article include various techniques of transform domain and spatial filtering methods for denoising microarray images that can be used to improve the quality of microarray images. We have identified the strengths and limitations of these techniques and highlights their potential impact. The paper also explores future developments in this area and discusses their potential impact, on microarray imaging.","PeriodicalId":182680,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Natural Sciences Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126803906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of quarry activities on the air quality around neighbouring localities in Ogun State, Nigeria","authors":"Isiaka Adio Hassan","doi":"10.18488/63.v11i1.3392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/63.v11i1.3392","url":null,"abstract":"Quarry industry and its products play an important role in any economy in the world. This study examined the impact of quarry activities on air quality around the neighbouring localities in Ogun State. Eight locations were selected; Isara, Idode, Iwaye, Ogbere, Ilagbe, Adelokun, Baaki Ake, and Igodo. Air quality was assessed for the concentration of CO2, PM2.5 and PM10 using standard procedures. Samplings were carried out in dry and wet seasons. Data were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics using SAS package (9.4 version), compared with World Health Organisation (WHO) and the probability of particulate matters causing health hazard was also calculated using Air Quality Index (AQI). PM2.5 and PM10 (dry season) of the surrounding locations were higher than the WHO Limits of 15 and 45 µg/m3 respectively; except the PM10 at Iwaye (32.20±4.18 µg/m3), Isara (35.60±4.38 µg/m3) and Adelokun (42.58±2.74). In wet season, the PM2.5 (all locations) and only PM10 of Ilagbe ((45.99±3.15), Baaki Ake (50.97±3.13) and Igodo (49.68±2.17) were higher than their corresponding WHO Limits. The AQI of PM2.5 (both seasons) at various locations were in the range of 51 – 100 (moderate). AQI of PM10 dry and wet seasons across locations range 0 – 50 (good); except the PM2.5 of Baaki Ake (51.16) hence, moderate. CO2 concentration at Adelokun (421.73±2.75), Baaki Ake (415.62±5.82) and Igodo (411.85±1.95) (dry season) and Adelokun (405.98±2.60) and Baaki Ake (403.26±1.63) (wet season) surpassed WHO limit (400 µg/m3). The surrounding localities were polluted with CO2 and particulate matters (PM2.5 and PM10) with no health hazard.","PeriodicalId":182680,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Natural Sciences Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126649651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use of campus plastic pet (Polyethylene terephthalate) bottles in the construction of a mini student relaxation hub at the college of education, Ilorin: A waste-to-wealth reusing approach","authors":"Bello Zakariyau Adebayo","doi":"10.18488/63.v11i1.3328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/63.v11i1.3328","url":null,"abstract":"The methodology used in the study is Re-using approach among the three \"Rs\" of waste management, the study specifically aims to construct a prototype building that will serve as a students' relaxation hub using the campus waste \"Polyethylene Terephthalate\" (PET) littering around, as well as to evaluate the durability of the relaxation hub constructed with waste plastics for future recommendations on plastic reusing as a means of managing waste globally. Plastics are a rapidly growing segment of municipal solid waste (MSW). Plastics were significant constituents of MSW categories in our environments. The human population is increasing, and the consistent demand for plastic products is responsible for the continuous increase in the production of plastics; hence, the generation of plastic waste is higher. Therefore, plastic waste forms a larger percentage of the sources of environmental pollution in Nigeria. The hazardous chemical constituents of the plastic (PET) and its effects on environmental and public health are a major concern to public health practitioners and environmentalists. Finding shows that improper disposal of waste plastics and open-air burning do lead to the release of very harmful chemicals into the environment, thereby causing public health hazards. It is imperative for every civilized society to find a lasting solution to these problems. It was concluded from this that plastic bottles can be used as building blocks for small-scale economical construction; hence, this practically implies that, the secondary function of waste plastic bottles.","PeriodicalId":182680,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Natural Sciences Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127061150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Osue, M. Ibrahim, Mohammad I Suru, M. Haruna, Moses Omaga, Aisha Oshionei, Nura Abdulkareem, Dora A Umar
{"title":"Tsetse and trypanosomosis associated socio-economics and environmental variables limiting livestock and dairy development in northern parts of Edo State, Nigeria","authors":"H. Osue, M. Ibrahim, Mohammad I Suru, M. Haruna, Moses Omaga, Aisha Oshionei, Nura Abdulkareem, Dora A Umar","doi":"10.18488/63.v11i1.3266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/63.v11i1.3266","url":null,"abstract":"Edo North is in a low-lying plain with hilly terrain rising up to 672 meters above sea level in some area. It has good vegetation cover, forest reserves, network of perennial rivers and streams and favourable eco-climatic conditions ideal for tsetse breeding. Both primary and secondary socioeconomics, environmental and ecological-health derived data were subjected to descriptive and percentage statistical analyses. Interactive meetings were held with key informants (n=38); Local Government officials, community leaders and representatives of Fulani pan sociocultural group in Edo North were interviewed and administered questionnaire. Focus group discussions were held with herders (n=85) and natives (n=350) who freely participated. The huge livestock and dairy production potential of the study area are due to availability of natural forage, crop fodders, agro-based byproducts, and water all year round. Most herders (80%) and natives (60%) have good knowledge of the disease and vector, but only a few (10%) knows the mechanism of transmission. Prevailing mistrust and widespread apprehension over herders-farmers’ clashes and other criminalities were attributed to itinerant nomadic Fulani by majority opinions. Lack of access to grazing lands, perceived poor rate of returns using planted fodder and feed concentrates were viewed as uneconomic compared to traditional free range grazing. Most pastoralists believed that government support to livestock sub-sector is ridiculously low compared to crop commodities. The dire need to address the thematic areas that can strongly impact on job, wealth creation, means of livelihood, and substantially facilitate economic diversification drive cannot be overemphasized.","PeriodicalId":182680,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Natural Sciences Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114838631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Drought Stress on Morphological and Physiological Traits of Kochia Prostrata (L.)","authors":"F. Heidari, G. D. Tilaki, Y. Kooch","doi":"10.18488/63.v10i2.3189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/63.v10i2.3189","url":null,"abstract":"Drought and desertification have become global environmental problems, posing new obstacles to plant survival and adaptability. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of drought stress on the morphological and physiological traits of Kochia prostrata. (L.) in greenhouse conditions. In the greenhouse experiment, drought stress was conducted in four levels of water regime treatment: 25, 50, 75, and 100 percent field capacity (FC). The experimental design consisted of a completely random design with three replications and 25 seeds per pot for every replication. In the greenhouse, seeds were planted in the soil using plastic containers. Then, 120 days of drought stress were administered, and morphological and physiological parameters were examined. The data were processed, and comparisons of means using the Duncan test (P0.05) were performed. Results demonstrated that when drought stress increased, the morphological and physiological features of K. prostrata decreased significantly. The highest plant dry weight was observed in drought stress of 25% FC and 100% FC with171.45 cm and 282.7 mg, respectively. The lowest rates of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and mesophyll were observed in 25%FC stress treatments with 0.44 mmol m-1s-1, 0.070 mmol m-1s-1, 1.70 mmol-2s-1, 394.13 respectively. Plant length and Root dry weight are variables that decreased significantly with increasing drought stress. However, the decrease in the values of these variables was not significant at 50, 75, and 100%FClevels but was significant at the most severe drought level (25%FC). Based on the results of this study, it can be suggested that the K. prostrata species can be used in the sustainable development of ecological rehabilitation areas.","PeriodicalId":182680,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Natural Sciences Research","volume":"181 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122286937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of Radionuclides Transfer Factors and Ingestion Dose from Plants Around Mining Sites in Adamawa State Nigeria","authors":"S. D. Yusuf, Soja Reuben Joseph, I. Umar","doi":"10.18488/63.v10i1.3158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/63.v10i1.3158","url":null,"abstract":"Illegal mining activities has become rampant in Adamawa State Nigeria, contaminating the soil with radionuclides which can be transferred to the food crops farmed in the host communities. Ingestion of such plants could cause harmful effects. In this study, radionuclide transfer factor from soil to plants and internal exposure dose around mining sites in Adamawa State were evaluated. 30 (15 soil, 15 plant) samples were analyzed for activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K. The transfer factor from soil to plant was calculated and the ingestion dose was also calculated using the Integrated Module for Bioassay Analysis (IMBA). Result shows that the mean activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the soil are 106.32Bq/kg, 84.34Bq/kg and 466.14Bq/kg, while for plants are 98.42Bq/kg, 72.69Bq/kg and 274.07Bq/kg respectively. These values were above the world average by United Nations Scientific Community on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) 35Bq/kg, 30Bq/kg and 400Bq/kg except for 40K which was lower in plant samples. Mean transfer factors were 0.942, 0.919 and 1.149 respectively, corresponding to a mean ingestion dose of 1.02E-01mSv/y, indicating high transfer factor in all the mining sites and high ingestion doses. Even though the mean ingestion dose was low, ingestion of such plants may pose radiation risk to the host communities in a long time. Therefore, proper policy by regulatory authorities must be put in place to protect the host community and the public from high ingestion doses that accounts for internal radiation exposure especially mining sites A, B and C.","PeriodicalId":182680,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Natural Sciences Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133000042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Processing on Nutritional Content and Protein Digestibility of Cowpea Grain in Broilers","authors":"Edmore Bumhira, J. Madzimure","doi":"10.18488/63.v10i1.3157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/63.v10i1.3157","url":null,"abstract":"Dietary protein in broiler feeds comes mainly from soybean meal and to a lesser extent from animal protein. Nowadays, animal protein is not recommended as a broiler feed ingredient because it is associated with zoonotic diseases such as salmonellosis and soybean is very scarce in Zimbabwe due to low productivity. This shortage is causing an increase in the cost of soybean and making broiler production less viable. Shortage of soybean is forcing animal nutritionists to search for potential alternative sources of protein. Cowpea is the best alternative since it is locally available, cheap and drought tolerant. Cowpea use in broiler feed manufacture is limited because it contains some anti-nutritional factors which reduce protein digestibility and broiler growth performance. The objectives of this paper are to determine the effectiveness of dehulling, roasting and boiling cowpea on nutrient and anti-nutrient content, protein digestibility and broiler performance. The purpose of this review paper is to develop cost effective broiler diets from cowpea. Protein digestibility was measured by using ecxreta analysis through subtracting protein in excreta from protein in feed ingested and broiler weight gains were measured by subtracting final bird weight from previous bird weight. Feed conversion ratio was calculated from dividing weight of total feed eaten by weight gained by the birds.","PeriodicalId":182680,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Natural Sciences Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129404230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Harnessing and Improving the Nutrient Contents of Eepa (Left Over Pounded Yam) as a Way of Tackling Malnutrition among School Aged Children in Ifelodun Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria","authors":"Abubakar Hn, Ololade Ro, Olawepo Tf","doi":"10.18488/63.v10i1.3052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/63.v10i1.3052","url":null,"abstract":"Access to an adequate diet is a key criterion for tackling malnutrition in school aged children. The aim of the study was to improve locally produced eepa as a way of tackling malnutrition among school aged children in Ifelodun local government area of Kwara State, Nigeria. The research designs used were survey method and complete randomized design. Purposive random sampling was used to select three communities from the study area. The study was conducted with a sample of 30 mothers and 300 school aged children from the three communities selected. Collection of data from pupils was obtained through a designed interview tool and questionnaire was given to mothers. The eepa diets were sent to the laboratory to determine the proximate, mineral composition and vitamin content of the eepa diets using AOAC 2019. All descriptive statistical analyses were performed with SPSS, version 12.0 for Windows while the laboratory data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means separated with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) using SAS. The results show that the locally produced diets had the highest percentage carbohydrate (35.60%) and caloric value (819.58kj/100). However three improved diets of eepa had the higher percentage ash, percentage lipids, percentage crude protein and percentage crude fibre, Ca, Mg, P, K, Na, vitamin B1, B2 B3 and vitamin C than the locally produced eepa. The new improved eepa diets were eepa- beans, eepa-locust beans + mushroom and eepa-fish. These three new improved eepa diets are more nutritious than the locally produced eepa.","PeriodicalId":182680,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Natural Sciences Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115556216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Okolle, Mbei N Abuno, Ekwa Y Monono, Nanganoa L Tatanah, G. Chuyong
{"title":"Integrating Tithonia Diversifolia, Piper Guineense and Oil Palm Bunch Residue Ash for the Management of Sweet Potato Weevil (Cylas Puncticollis Boh.) and on Yield of Sweet Potato in Fako Division of Cameroon","authors":"J. Okolle, Mbei N Abuno, Ekwa Y Monono, Nanganoa L Tatanah, G. Chuyong","doi":"10.18488/63.v10i1.3040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/63.v10i1.3040","url":null,"abstract":"This research was to evaluate the effects of integrating T. diversifolia, P. guineense and OPBRA to manage Cylas puncticollis infestation and on the yield of sweet potatoes. Bioassay 1, 5g T. diversifolia + 5g P guineense /100mL and 10g P guineense /100mL showed significant low (P < 0.05) in mortality, number of eggs laid, percentage repellence and progeny emergence of C. puncticollis. Bioassay 2: 20 g OPBRA /100mL, 5g OPBRA + 5g P guineense /100mL, and 10g P guineense /100mL. The lowest progeny emergence was 5g OPBRA + 5g P guineense /100mL. 5g OPBRA + 5g P guineense /100mL, and 10g P guineense /100mL showed significant difference (P < 0.05) in mortality, mean number of eggs laid of C. puncticollis with the control. Bioassay 3 and 4: showed significant effect (P < 0.05) of T. diversifolia, OPBRA and P. guineense pastes on weight loss due and root sizes to C. puncticollis damage of sweet potato. On the field, sweet potatoes that were treated with 2 ton/ha T. diversifolia + 2 ton/ha OPBRA + 0.33 ton/ha P. guineense and 0.67 ton/ha P. guineense showed significantly (P < 0.05) less infestation than the other treatments. Plants treated with 2 tons/ha T. diversifolia +2 tons/ha OPBRA + O.33 tons/ha P. guineense had the highest yield. The combination of T. diversifolia, OPBRA and small proportion of P guineense could serve as an alternative of source of synthetic pesticides managing C. puncticolis infestation as well as source of organic matter improve soil fertility.","PeriodicalId":182680,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Natural Sciences Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124802446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}