Materials Science and Engineering: B最新文献

{"title":"Interfacial electronic modulation enables enhancement of redox kinetics in tungsten-doped NiCoLDH nanostructures for high performance supercapacitors","authors":"Masood Ullah ,&nbsp;Shakeel Ahmad ,&nbsp;Henmei Ni ,&nbsp;Afaq Ullah Khan ,&nbsp;Kamran Tahir ,&nbsp;Hassan M.A. Hassan ,&nbsp;Sameerah I. Al-Saeedi ,&nbsp;Zainab M. Almarhoon ,&nbsp;Mingkun Jiang ,&nbsp;Magdi E.A. Zaki","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.119173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.119173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study introduces a straightforward, hydro solvothermal synthesis route for constructing W/NiCo layered double hydroxides (LDHs) nanomaterials and evaluates their suitability as supercapacitor electrodes. The electrochemical performance of the resulting nanomaterials was comprehensively examined within a supercapacitor framework. Leveraging the cooperative action of synergistic redox reactions and efficient Faradaic processes, the W/NiCoLDH system demonstrates substantial capacitive performance, achieving a specific capacitance of 1946 F g⁻¹. Additionally, a asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) was assembled with W/NiCoLDH serving as the positive electrode and activated carbon (AC) as the negative electrode. The fabricated device delivers robust electrochemical performance, reaching an energy density of 75 Wh kg⁻¹ at a power density of 721 W kg⁻¹, retaining 84% of capacitance and exhibiting 96% coulombic efficiency after 10,000 cycles. This work outlines a feasible approach to improve the energy density of bimetallic LDH-based materials for advanced energy storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119173"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WSe2 quantum dot-based photoluminescent platform for ultrasensitive biosensing of hydrogen peroxide and glucose","authors":"Neha Bhatt,&nbsp;Mohan Singh Mehata","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work reports the synthesis of highly stable tungsten diselenide (WSe₂) quantum dots (QDs) and their application as photoluminescence (PL)-based probes for detecting hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and glucose. The synthesized WSe₂ QDs exhibit sharp blue PL and an intense absorption band at 269 nm, corresponding to the excitonic transition. The QDs display excitation-dependent PL behavior, with the PL maximum located at 416 nm for a specific excitation wavelength. Time-resolved PL analysis reveals a four-exponential decay profile, suggesting the presence of multiple overlapping emissions originating from different emissive states. The PL intensity of WSe₂ QDs decreases strongly and linearly with increasing H₂O₂ concentration in the range of 0.33–693 nM and for glucose in the range of 3.3–974 nM. The QDs demonstrate excellent sensitivity, achieving detection limits of 1.87 nM (0.064 ppb) for H₂O₂ and 2.42 nM (0.436 ppb) for glucose. Mechanistic investigations indicate that the modulation of the optical properties of WSe₂ QDs arises from interactions with H₂O₂, either through direct addition or via in situ generation during glucose oxidation catalyzed by glucose oxidase (GOx). The results suggest that the quenching process occurs via static quenching, driven by the formation of a ground-state complex between the QDs and the quencher.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119196"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamic modeling and parameters optimization for Ni0.8Co0.1Mn 0.1(OH)2 synthesis via transitional metal coprecipitation","authors":"Zanlang Tang ,&nbsp;Chen Liu ,&nbsp;Xincun Tang ,&nbsp;Haonan Liu ,&nbsp;Biao Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The controlled synthesis of Ni_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1(OH)₂ (NCM 811 precursor) is of great importance for the development of cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries. However, a comprehensive understanding of the thermodynamic behavior for optimization of transition metal parameters during coprecipitation remains insufficient, limiting the predicting outcomes in synthesis. This study proposes a thermodynamic analysis to describe the behavior of Ni²⁺, Co²⁺, and Mn²⁺, aiming to optimize the synthesis of NCM 811 precursors via chemical coprecipitation. The research is structured into two parts: (i) a theoretical precipitation ratio formula is derived through thermodynamic analysis based on reactions involved in coprecipitation; (ii) spherical NCM 811 precursors with a β-Ni(OH)₂ phase composition are synthesized under optimized conditions, including a transition metal concentration = 2 mol/L, initial pH = 11.0, reaction temperature = 60 °C, and an ammonia concentration = 4 mol/L. The resulting precursors exhibit monodisperses particles with a size of approximately 10 μm, and more than 99% of the transition metals are successfully coprecipitated into the NCM 811 precursors phase, in agreement with the theoretical predictions from the thermodynamic analysis. This work improved the prediction accuracy for NCM 811 precursors synthesis via a new thermodynamic modeling framework from 35 equilibria in coprecipitation in Ni²⁺-Co²⁺-Mn²⁺-NH₃-OH⁻-H₂O system, offering a reliable pathway for the controllable synthesis of Ni-rich cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119205"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of nano-ZnFe2O4/C magnetic composite based on Chlorella vulgaris hydrochar and its adsorption mechanism for U(VI) in aqueous solutions","authors":"Jian-hong Han ,&nbsp;Qiu-bing Ma ,&nbsp;Ting-ting Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhe Wang ,&nbsp;Xin Xu ,&nbsp;Wei Qiao ,&nbsp;Wei-da Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.119148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.119148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a new and efficient process for the removal of U(VI) from aqueous solutions was sought. The surface of <em>Chlorella vulgaris</em> features abundant functional groups (e.g., carboxyl, hydroxyl, and phosphate groups), which makes it a promising matrix material. The magnetic zinc ferrite/carbon (ZnFe₂O₄/C) composite was prepared from <em>Chlorella vulgaris</em> via hydrothermal carbonization. The successful compositing of zinc ferrite (ZnFe₂O₄) with <em>Chlorella vulgaris</em> was confirmed by SEM-EDS and TEM, while VSM measurements confirmed the magnetic nature of the resulting material. The ZnFe₂O₄/C composite demonstrated a higher U(VI) adsorption capacity and efficiency than both <em>Chlorella vulgaris</em> and ZnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles alone, indicating a synergistic effect. The optimal conditions for U(VI) adsorption on the ZnFe₂O₄/C composite were pH = 5, M/V = 0.8 g/L, T = 298 K and C₀ = 30 mg/L, under which an adsorption capacity of 36.19 mg/g was achieved. The adsorption of U(VI) onto the ZnFe₂O₄/C composite followed the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, indicating a monolayer chemisorption process. Desorption and regeneration experiments demonstrated the high reusability of the ZnFe₂O₄/C adsorbent for efficient recovery of U(VI) from aqueous solutions. Analysis of FT-IR and XPS data before and after adsorption indicates that U(VI) undergoes coordination with surface-exposed metal‑oxygen groups (Zn-O/Fe-O) of the ZnFe₂O₄/C composite, along with complexation with oxygen-containing functional groups (e.g., carboxyl, hydroxyl, and phosphate) on the carbon matrix. Therefore, because of its low cost, simple and efficient preparation method and superior performance, the ZnFe₂O₄/C adsorbent has high potential for removing U(VI) from aqueous solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119148"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth, optical, thermal, electrical and theoretical insights on bis (Glycinium) 1,5 − naphthalene disulfonate dihydrate (GNSH) single crystals for optical applications","authors":"S. Tamilarasi ,&nbsp;S.P. Sunwathi ,&nbsp;B. Sahaya Infant Lasalle ,&nbsp;Kalpana Sukumar ,&nbsp;Muthu Senthil Pandian ,&nbsp;J. Janczak ,&nbsp;N. Kanagathara","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single crystals of Bis (Glycinium) 1,5 − Naphthalene disulfonate dihydrate (GNSH) were full-grown at ambient temperature by the slow evaporation solution technique (SEST) with distilled water as the solvent. Structural characterization by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC − XRD) confirmed that the crystal belongs to the triclinic crystal system with P − 1 space-group symmetry. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was employed to identify and assign the characteristic vibrational modes of the essential functional groups. The optical absorption behaviour was investigated through UV–Visible NIR spectroscopy to establish the optical properties of the material. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG − DTA) demonstrated the excellent thermal stability with decomposition initiating above 161 °C. Photoconductivity measurements were carried out to determine the photocurrent and dark current under illumination and darkness, respectively, revealing the negative photoconductive behaviour of the GNSH crystals. Frequency-dependent dielectric measurements performed at ambient temperature were used to assess the electrical properties, yielding both the dielectric constant and dielectric loss. Electronic polarizability was determined using established parameters, including the number of valence electrons, molecular weight, energy band gap, and material density. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations employing the RB3LYP/6–311++G (d, p) method provided insight into the charge transfer interactions within the supramolecular unit, as indicated by a computed HOMO-LUMO energy gap of 4.576 eV. Further analysis through Hirshfeld Surfaces (HS) and two-dimensional fingerprint plots revealed the nature of interactions between glycine cations and naphthalene sulfonate anions, which together form a robust three-dimensional supramolecular structure. Topological analysis conducted using Multiwfn software further refined the understanding of weak interactions, binding sites and structural bonding patterns within the GNSH crystal. Third−order NLO properties, including the nonlinear refractive index (n₂), nonlinear absorption coefficient (β), and third−order nonlinear susceptibility (χ ⁽³⁾), were determined by Z − scan spectroscopy at a wavelength of 632.8 nm using a helium‑neon laser source. The GNSH crystals synthesized by the SEST method exhibited significant third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility, establishing the material as a promising candidate for next-generation nonlinear optical and photonic device applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119219"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of nonmagnetic In3+ and Sc3+ ions co-substitution on the structure, cation distribution and magnetic features of Ni0.6Cu0.2Zn0.2Fe2O4 nanoparticles","authors":"R.K. Aldakheel ,&nbsp;N.A. Algarou ,&nbsp;M.A. Almessiere ,&nbsp;A. Baykal ,&nbsp;S. Caliskan ,&nbsp;E. Mojtahedi ,&nbsp;Sagar E. Shirsath ,&nbsp;S. Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ni_0.6Cu_0.2Zn_0.2In_xSc_xFe_2-2xO₄ nanoparticles (NPs) (x ≤ 0.10) were synthesized using the Sol-Gel combustion route to investigate the substitution of non-magnetic Indium (In⁺³) and Scandium (Sc⁺³) ions. XRD <strong>(X-ray diffraction)</strong> confirmed the purity of all products, exhibiting a single-phase spinel structure. Crystallite size (D_XRD), determined by Rietveld refinement, ranged from 35 to 79 nm. SEM <strong>(Scanning electron spectroscopy)</strong> and TEM <strong>(Transmission electron spectroscopy)</strong>/HR-TEM <strong>(High resolution transmission electron spectroscopy)</strong>were used to analyze morphology. VSM <strong>(Vibrating sample magnetometer)</strong> measurements at 300 and 10 K revealed narrow hysteresis loops for all samples, confirming their soft ferrimagnetic nature. In³⁺ and Sc³⁺ substitution led to a remarkable alteration in magnetic behavior due to cation redistribution. The saturation magnetization (Mₛ) increased with higher substitution levels (x). Conversely, coercivity (H_c) decreased. The reduction in H_c and squareness ratio (SQR &lt; 0.5) further confirmed the multidomain and soft magnetic character of the nanoparticles. These results demonstrate that the dual In³⁺/Sc³⁺ substitution is an effective method to tune the cation distribution and exchange interactions, which is providing an approach to tailor Ni-Cu-Zn soft magnetic ferrites for innovative applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119183"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature-dependent performance of LiMg ferrite for renewable electricity generation via hydroelectric cells","authors":"Nilesh Kengar,&nbsp;Atul Teli,&nbsp;Guruprasad Bhinge,&nbsp;Chidanand Kanamadi","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a Hydroelectric Cell (HEC) was developed using lithium-substituted magnesium ferrite (Li–MgFe₂O₄) synthesized by solid-state reaction and sintered between 800 and 1000 °C to evaluate the influence of sintering temperature on structure and performance. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed phase formation with crystallite sizes ranging from 57.65 to 60.89 nm, while higher sintering temperatures enhanced crystallinity. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed stability up to 950 °C. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed grain sizes of 100–300 nm with temperature-dependent porosity, while EDAX verified elemental composition. Bonding characteristics were investigated by FTIR and XPS. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis indicated a surface area of ∼3.2 m²/g and an average pore size of 25 nm, suitable for efficient water dissociation. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed a sharp impedance drop from 10⁷ Ω to 10 Ω during operation. Upon water introduction, H₂O molecules dissociated into OH⁻ and H₃O⁺ ions; confinement of H₃O⁺ within nanopores created an internal field, promoting faster ion transport and enhanced ionic current. Power generation occurred through oxidation of the Zn anode by OH⁻ ions and reduction of H₃O⁺ at the Ag cathode. The HEC sintered at 1000 °C (area 19.6 cm²) exhibited superior performance, achieving 15 mW power output, 50 mA short-circuit current, and 1.2 V open-circuit voltage. Overall, the results demonstrate the role of sintering temperature in tailoring Li<img>Mg ferrite properties and highlight its promise as an efficient, eco-friendly catalyst for sustainable hydroelectric cell technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119203"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Al substitution on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of ZnSnO3 ceramics","authors":"R. Indhumathi ,&nbsp;A. Sathiya Priya ,&nbsp;Radhamanohar Aepuru ,&nbsp;Muhammad Idzdihar Bin Idris","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>ZnSnO₃ ceramics have attracted considerable attention for dielectric applications; however, their performance is often constrained by intrinsic defects and uncontrolled grain growth, which lead to high dielectric loss and limited stability. Motivated by the need to improve dielectric reliability through defect and microstructure control, this study reports the synthesis and characterization of Al-doped ZnSnO₃ (Zn_1-xAl_xSnO₃; 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) ceramics prepared via a chemical precipitation route. Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction data confirmed the formation of a stable orthorhombic perovskite phase, with crystallite sizes decreasing from ∼31 to ∼29 nm upon Al incorporation. Optical analysis revealed band gap widening from 3.45 to 3.61 eV, while reduced Urbach energy indicated suppressed structural disorder. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) observations showed significant grain size refinement from 286.82 to 95.74 nm, confirming effective inhibition of grain growth. Dielectric measurements exhibited high permittivity with low dielectric loss, consistent with Koop's model. AC conductivity followed the correlated barrier hopping mechanism, indicating thermally activated charge transport, whereas impedance and electric modulus analyses revealed non-Debye relaxation behavior. These results demonstrate that Al substitution effectively tailors defect chemistry and microstructure in ZnSnO₃, leading to improved dielectric performance and supporting its potential for high-frequency capacitor and energy-storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119178"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coral-like α-Fe2O3 nanosensor for enhanced ammonia sensing at low operating temperature","authors":"Guixin Wan ,&nbsp;Yunlong Jia ,&nbsp;Zhanyi Zhu ,&nbsp;Bingjie Ren ,&nbsp;Tao Qin ,&nbsp;Lin Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.119172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2025.119172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, coral-like α-Fe₂O₃ gas sensing materials were synthesized via a simple hydrothermal-annealing method. By optimizing the calcination temperature, the material with high specific surface area and rapid dynamic response was obtained. The coral-like α-Fe₂O₃ which was calcined at 600 °C for 2 h exhibited excellent ammonia sensing properties: a low optimal operating temperature (220 °C), a high response value (50.26 to 200 ppm NH₃) alongside fast response/recovery times (13.6/33.4 s), and a good linear relationship between sensor response and ammonia concentration in the range of 10–200 ppm (regression coefficient <em>R</em>² = 0.987). The coral-like interconnected porous architecture significantly enhanced gas diffusion and increased the contact area between target gases and the sensing materials. Simultaneously, it facilitated adsorption/desorption processes on both internal and external surfaces, contributing to rapid response/recovery kinetics and high sensitivity. Furthermore, gas sensors based on coral-like α-Fe₂O₃ demonstrated excellent selectivity to ammonia and robust long-term stability. Finally, the gas sensing mechanism of ammonia detection was also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119172"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145877044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystal growth of CdZnO thin films: a combined numerical and experimental study in a two-inlet horizontal MOCVD reactor","authors":"Javier Yeste,&nbsp;Vicente Muñoz-Sanjosé","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mseb.2026.119207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents a combined numerical and experimental study of Cd₁₋ₓZnₓO thin film growth in a two-inlet horizontal MOCVD reactor. A three-dimensional model was used to analyse flow patterns, temperature fields, and precursor transport, enabling a direct comparison between helium and nitrogen as carrier gases. It was determined that helium produces smooth, centrally directed longitudinal flow, higher diffusion coefficients, and more uniform temperature fields, but results in larger film composition variations. In contrast, nitrogen induces longitudinal convective rolls that generate heterogeneous temperature zones, enhanced convective mixing, and a reduced effective boundary-layer thickness, leading to smoother zinc composition gradients at the expense of sharper thickness variations. These trends were experimentally validated through the deposition of CdZnO films on 2-in. r-sapphire substrates and the spatial characterization of their thickness and composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18233,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: B","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 119207"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}