Materials Chemistry and Physics最新文献

{"title":"Novel features of the ac conductivity, dielectric response, ferroelectric polarization and magnetoelectric coupling in M-type hexaferrite BaFe12O19","authors":"Gara Kishor,&nbsp;R.N. Bhowmik","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report a comprehensive understanding of the dielectric, ferroelectric, and electrical transport properties of BaFe₁₂O₁₉, a typical M-type hexaferrite, over a wide temperature (123–523 K) and frequency (1 Hz–20 MHz) range. The analysis of ac conductivity, complex impedance, electric modulus and relative dielectric permittivity spectra indicated that both dipolar polarization and electronic charge transport contributed to the electrical response. The temperature evolution of electrical transport reveals successive changes in conduction mechanism, reflecting transitions of electrical conductivity between metallic-like state and semiconductor state associated with reorganization of the contributions from grain and grain-boundary in the sample depending on the range of temperature and applied ac field frequency. At low temperatures, the freezing of electric dipoles corresponds to a quantum-paraelectric state and nearly constant loss behaviour, while intermediate temperatures showed frustrated ferroelectric and relaxor state due to the competition between dipolar contribution and electronic conductivity. A phase boundary between the dipolar polarization and electronic conduction has been established, which shifts to higher temperature at higher applied frequency. A stable ferroelectric state has been indicated at higher temperatures and frequencies. The material showed a reasonably strong magneto-electric response at room temperature with magneto-electric coupling coefficient in the range of 7 – 17 mV cm⁻¹ Oe ⁻¹.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"354 ","pages":"Article 132142"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser stabilization of polyacrylonitrile fibers","authors":"Hanyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Fei Wang ,&nbsp;Xinyu Wang ,&nbsp;Yuyao Li ,&nbsp;Jiahui Li ,&nbsp;Ming Tian ,&nbsp;Kuan Luo ,&nbsp;Zhongmin Su","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To overcome the prolonged processing time and high energy consumption issues in conventional polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fiber production, this study presents an advanced laser stabilization technique employing uniform-intensity laser irradiation. Through color difference analysis and chemical analysis methods, the color evolution process of polyacrylonitrile fibers after laser pre-oxidation was studied, and the temperature characteristics of laser irradiated PAN-based pre-oxidized fibers of different colors were analyzed and discussed. To solve the problems of low absorption rate of near-infrared laser by polyacrylonitrile fibers and easy melting during irradiation, starting from the absorption characteristics of laser at different pre-oxidation stages, a long-wave infrared 10.6 μm laser pre-irradiation scheme was proposed. Subsequently, a three-stage 976 nm near-infrared laser treatment with precise modulation of the critical stable temperature was carried out to optimize the stability effect.The resulting laser-stabilized fibers demonstrate exceptional quality with a Raman R-value of 1.78, reduced crystallite size (2.08 nm), achieving 98.3% stabilization index and 8.04% oxygen content, marking significant improvements in both structural characteristics and processing efficiency over conventional methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"354 ","pages":"Article 132161"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactive gas-timing control for photo-responsive TiO2 slanted nanorod films fabricated by oblique angle magnetron sputtering","authors":"Sirilak Wongthawachnugool ,&nbsp;Saksorn Limwichean ,&nbsp;Tossaporn Lertvanithphol ,&nbsp;Viyapol Pattanasettakul ,&nbsp;Pacharamon Somboonsaksri ,&nbsp;Hideki Nakajima ,&nbsp;Mati Horprathum ,&nbsp;Napat Triroj ,&nbsp;Papot Jaroenapibal","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Slanted TiO₂ nanorod (SNR) films were fabricated by combining reactive gas-timing (RGT) with oblique angle deposition (OAD) in DC magnetron sputtering. The influence of Ar/O₂ on-off sequences on film morphology, crystallinity, chemistry, and wettability was systematically investigated. Compared with the conventional continuous gas flow method, the RGT process increased deposition rates up to sevenfold and enabled control of nanorod porosity and surface chemistry. XPS revealed that RGT films contained a higher density of polarizable terminal hydroxyl groups, which act as hole-trapping sites and promote surface reactivity and improve photoinduced wettability. This surface chemistry, despite the amorphous nature of the films, resulted in superior photoinduced hydrophilicity. In particular, the RGT 20:10 condition exhibited a dramatic reduction in water contact angle from 70.2° to 8.2° after UV exposure, with excellent cycling stability. These results demonstrate RGT-OAD as a scalable route for photo-responsive, self-cleaning coatings and transparent device applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"354 ","pages":"Article 132157"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient photo-assisted desulfurization of real gas oil using CaFe2O4@SnO2 heterostructure catalyst under visible light irradiation","authors":"Asmaa A. Abdelrahman ,&nbsp;Wael A. Aboutaleb ,&nbsp;Doaa I. Osman ,&nbsp;Asmaa I. Zahran","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces an innovative technique for removing sulfur compounds from gas oil with a high sulfur concentration by irradiating it with visible light applying a multiple active site CaFe₂O₄@SnO₂ material as a novel photo-desulfurization catalyst. For comparison, pure SnO₂, CaFe₂O₄ and CaFe₂O₄@SnO₂ were fabricated by modified sol-gel method. The physicochemical characteristics of the synthesized samples were examined by XRD, XPS, BET, SEM, FTIR, UV-vis-DRS and PL technique in order to optimize photodesulfurization. PL and Tauc curves proved the lowest band gab value assigned to CaFe₂O₄@SnO₂. and SEM results revealed the formation of CaFe₂O₄@SnO₂ nano-composite.</div><div>The CaFe₂O₄@SnO₂ exhibited excellent desulfurization performance; achieving sulfur removal efficiency of 96.5% under the optimized conditions (3 g/L photocatalyst dosage, H₂O₂/oil of 4:1 for 30 min and DMF solvent to oil volume ratio of 4:1) and our results indicate remarkable selectivity and recyclability in desulfurization, presenting an alternative viewpoint in the search for effective desulfurization technology. The reaction mechanism was also provided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"354 ","pages":"Article 132189"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetism of Fe- and/or Co-enriched layer/TiO2/Ti composites","authors":"M.V. Adigamova,&nbsp;I.V. Lukiyanchuk,&nbsp;V.P. Morozova,&nbsp;I.A. Tkachenko,&nbsp;K.A. Saiankina,&nbsp;I.V. Malyshev","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ti-supported surface structures with magnetic properties were prepared at constant current density of 0.15 A/cm² for 10 min using plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) in slurry electrolytes with solid particles of Fe(OH)₃ and Co(OH)₂ formed <em>in situ</em> in different ratios at their constant total concentration. The general electrolyte formula (mol/L) can be written as 0.066 Na₃PO₄ + 0.034 Na₂B₄O₇ + 0.006 Na₂WO₄ + 0.08 (Fe(III) + Co(II)). The coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and magnetometry based on superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). With an increase in the proportion of Co(OH)₂ particles in the electrolyte, the coatings were formed at higher voltages, which caused an increase in their thickness (from 25 to 82 μm) and porosity (from 27 to 35%). As to EPMA/EDX data, the coatings contained up to 6.5/15.8 at% Fe and 6.5/12.5 at% Co, depending on the electrolyte formula. Open pores with particles and closed pores contained up to 25.3 at% Fe and up to 26.1 at% Co. At room temperature, with increasing Co proportion in the coatings, the values of coercive force and saturation magnetization increased from 72 to 292 Oe and from 0.05 to 0.048 emu/g, respectively. At 3 K, the coercive force value in mixed coatings was lower (94–160 Oe) than that in individual coatings containing only one magnetic element (230 Oe). No synergistic effect was observed in mixed Fe-, Co-containing coatings either at room temperature or at helium temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"354 ","pages":"Article 132201"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of hygroscopic nanofillers and plasticizer in enhancing ionic transport and structural stability of plasticized chitosan-based nanocomposite polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells","authors":"Qamber Ali ,&nbsp;Taweesak Boonsod ,&nbsp;Rojana Pornprasertsuk ,&nbsp;Wanwisa Limphirat ,&nbsp;Wirach Taweepreda ,&nbsp;Kanoktip Boonkerd","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for high-performance, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) has driven increasing interest in natural polymer-based materials. Chitosan (CS), a renewable and biodegradable biopolymer, offers a promising alternative to conventional synthetic PEMs but suffers from limited proton conductivity and stability. This work systematically investigated the incorporation of hygroscopic nanofiller (calcium oxide nanofiller, CaO–NF) and plasticizer (ethylene carbonate, EC) into a CS matrix and their effects on PEMs’ performance. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed the formation of hydrogen-bonding interactions among the CS matrix, CaO–NF, and EC. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) revealed a homogeneous dispersion of CaO–NF throughout the CS matrix. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the incorporation of CaO–NF and EC promoted the formation of amorphous region in the CS matrix, facilitating ion transport and resulting in a high ion-exchange capacity (IEC) of 3.5 meq.g⁻¹ and a proton conductivity of 166 mS cm⁻¹ for the CS/CaO₁/EC₁ membrane. Arrhenius analysis revealed a reduction in activation energy upon the incorporation of an optimized amount of nanofiller and plasticizer, confirming enhanced ion transport efficiency within the membrane matrix. The maximum chemical stability was achieved with the incorporation of 1 wt% CaO–NF, extending membrane durability to 86 h compared with 70 h for the pristine CS membrane; however, the stability decreased when EC was added to the CS/CaO₁ membrane. Based on comparisons with commercial PEMs reported in the literature, the CS/CaO₁/EC₁ membrane exhibited competitive proton conductivity together with excellent thermal stability, chemical stability, and mechanical properties, highlighting its potential for high-performance fuel cell applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"354 ","pages":"Article 132212"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of heat treatment on the microstructural evolution, mechanical behaviour and strengthening mechanisms of additively manufactured AlSi9Cu3 alloy","authors":"R. Ramesh ,&nbsp;Saurabh Gairola ,&nbsp;R. Jayaganthan ,&nbsp;M. Kamaraj","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study focuses on AlSi9Cu3 alloy produced using the Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF). The components produced using LPBF have higher dislocation density due to cyclic heating that occurs during printing. Heat Treatment is crucial for lowering the dislocation density by homogenising the microstructure and enhancing mechanical properties. The alloy in its as-built condition is subjected to various heat treatments (stress relief, solution treatment and T6 aging treatment) and the hardness, tensile strength, and fracture toughness, along with their corresponding strengthening mechanisms, were examined in relation to its microstructural evolution. The alloy in as-built condition exhibits a hardness of 137 HV and a tensile strength of 487 MPa, attributed to the presence of Si network and a higher dislocation density. Stress relief treatment reduced the strength and hardness due to the fragmentation of the Si network, while solution treatment homogenized the microstructure. In the T6 condition, the formation of very fine Al₂Cu precipitates restores the hardness, tensile strength, and fracture toughness. Dislocation and Si-network strengthening, as well as precipitation strengthening mechanisms, are the dominant mechanisms in the as-built condition and T6 conditions, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"354 ","pages":"Article 132140"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broad table-like magnetocaloric effect in Gd(Mn,V)Si just above room temperature","authors":"S.P. Platonov ,&nbsp;A.G. Kuchin ,&nbsp;R.D. Mukhachev ,&nbsp;A.V. Lukoyanov ,&nbsp;M. Yu. Yakovleva ,&nbsp;V.S. Gaviko ,&nbsp;A.S. Volegov","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>New intermetallic compounds with the composition GdMn_1-<em>x</em>V_<em>x</em>Si (<em>x</em> = 0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4), with a tetragonal CeFeSi-type structure (space group <em>P</em>4/<em>nmm</em>) have been synthesized. For the compositions with <em>x</em> = 0, 0.02, 0.05 two magnetic ordering temperatures are observed for the Gd and 3<em>d</em> subsystems, which decrease from 270 to 225 K and increase from 320 to 340 K, respectively. The table-like magnetocaloric effect MCE at the Curie point <em>Т</em>_С for GdMn_1-<em>x</em>V_<em>x</em>Si varies in a narrow range from 1.8 J/kgK to 2 J/kgK for <em>x</em> = 0-0.4, while <em>Т</em>_С varies in the range 320-365 K. Consequently, the total half-width of all peaks of the MCE(<em>T</em>) varies in a wide range of 300-380 K. The GdMn_1-<em>x</em>V_<em>x</em>Si compounds (<em>x</em> = 0–0.4) in cassette form may be of interest as working materials for household magnetic refrigerators for cooling from elevated room temperatures to more comfortable temperatures of about 300 K. Our theoretical modeling within the DFT + U method reveals that the most energetically favorable configuration in the 3<em>d</em> subsystem of GdMn_1-<em>x</em>V_<em>x</em>Si is an anticollinear arrangement in pairs of the nearest neighbors of transition metals. The magnetic moment on vanadium appears when it is in the close environment of the manganese ion, which means configurations with such pairs are lower in energy. The magnetic moment of vanadium (1.05 μ_B) is significantly lower than the moment of manganese (2.82 μ_B), which explains the sharp reduction of both the calculated total magnetic moment and measured demagnetization of the GdMn_1-xV_xSi system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"354 ","pages":"Article 132221"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating superplastic deformation mechanisms in HC1000/1470DP advanced high-strength steel through high-temperature tensile and bulge forming tests","authors":"Tianmin Li ,&nbsp;Jiahui Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoting Xu ,&nbsp;Qingbo Yang ,&nbsp;Chunxu Wang ,&nbsp;Liqiang Zhan ,&nbsp;Tongxu Zhou ,&nbsp;Daili Yang ,&nbsp;Kaijia Zhang ,&nbsp;Guofeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper systematically investigates the superplastic deformation behavior and mechanisms of HC1000/1470DP dual-phase high-strength steel. Through high-temperature tensile tests and gas pressure bulge forming experiments, combined with microstructural analyses such as electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), its deformation performance and microstructural evolution under conditions of 700–775 °C and 0.0001-0.01 s⁻¹ were comprehensively evaluated. The results show that the maximum elongation of 345% was achieved at 750 °C and 0.0033s⁻¹, with a strain rate sensitivity index (m-value) of 0.32 and a deformation activation energy of approximately 152.6 kJ/mol, where the characteristic parameters are consistent with grain boundary sliding. Based on the dynamic material model, a thermal processing map was constructed and process parameters were optimized. Box-shaped bulge parts with depths of 20 mm and 30 mm were successfully fabricated at 750 °C and 3.3 × 10⁻³ s⁻¹.After bulging, significant dynamic recrystallization occurred at the bottom, accompanied by a decrease in martensite content and dislocation density, leading to a reduction in mechanical properties, with the thinning rate of the 30 mm part reaching nearly 80%. This study clarifies the grain boundary sliding -dominated superplastic deformation mechanism of this steel, providing a basis for its hot forming applications in lightweight automotive components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"354 ","pages":"Article 132213"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Star-shaped donor-acceptor arylsilanes as 3D ambipolar materials for optoelectronic and bioelectronic applications","authors":"Dmitry O. Balakirev ,&nbsp;Elena A. Kleymyuk ,&nbsp;Evgenia A. Svidchenko ,&nbsp;Nikolay M. Surin ,&nbsp;Sergey A. Pisarev ,&nbsp;Artem V. Bakirov ,&nbsp;Yulia A. Isaeva ,&nbsp;Michael D. Khitrov ,&nbsp;Artur L. Mannanov ,&nbsp;Svetlana M. Peregudova ,&nbsp;Anastasia A. Vetyugova ,&nbsp;Askold A. Trul ,&nbsp;Olga A. Maloshitskaya ,&nbsp;Sergei A. Ponomarenko ,&nbsp;Yuriy N. Luponosov","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2026.132152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Novel donor-acceptor arylsilane molecules, <strong>Si(PP-DCV)4</strong> and <strong>Si(PT-DCV)4</strong>, featuring three-dimensional star-shaped geometries, were synthesized and investigated in comparison to model compounds. These compounds, comprising a tetraphenylsilane core linked to terminal phenyldicyanovinyl groups through phenylene or thienyl π-spacers, exhibit a range of promising physicochemical properties, including high thermal stability (up to 490 °C), deep-lying HOMO energy levels (up to −6.4 eV), ambipolar charge carrier mobility, efficient light absorption, and high crystallinity. A comprehensive experimental and theoretical investigation, in comparison to model compounds, revealed the nonordinal optical properties of these compounds, elucidating the nature of electronic transitions and fluorescence efficiency. Substitution of the phenylene spacer with a thiophene spacer led to significant changes, including a red shift in the absorption spectrum, an increased extinction coefficient, lower HOMO energy levels, enhanced crystallinity, and improved ambipolar charge carrier mobility in films. Additionally, the polar and amphiphilic nature of these donor-acceptor molecules enabled the formation of stable nanoparticles (50–110 nm) in aqueous solutions without surfactants. These findings highlight the potential of these materials for applications in optoelectronic and biological applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"354 ","pages":"Article 132152"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}