Livestock Science最新文献

{"title":"Effect of in ovo feeding with a multi-strain probiotic containing effective microorganisms and Zn-Gly chelate on the fatty acid profile, lipid profile, and malondialdehyde level in the serum and tissues of newly-hatched chickens","authors":"Artur Ciszewski ,&nbsp;Łukasz S. Jarosz ,&nbsp;Zbigniew Grądzki ,&nbsp;Agnieszka Marek ,&nbsp;Sebastian Kaczmarek ,&nbsp;Małgorzata Kwiecień ,&nbsp;Anna Rysiak","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modern poultry production strives to ensure the safety of food products by constantly improving the health parameters of birds. Multi-strain probiotics containing effective microorganisms and microelements, especially zinc in chelated form, currently play an important role in poultry feeding. We hypothesized that supplementation of chicken embryos with a multi-strain probiotic and glycine-zinc chelate may influence lipid metabolism in the serum and tissues of newly hatched chicks, leading to an increase in the body's antioxidant capacity. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the lipid profile, fatty acid profile and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in the serum and tissues of newly hatched chickens supplemented <em>in ovo</em> with a multi-strain probiotic and zinc glycine chelate. The experiment was conducted on 1,500 fertilized hatching eggs obtained from 36-week-old commercial broilers (Ross x Ross 308). A multi-strain probiotic and zinc glycine chelate (Zn-Gly) were administered on the 17th day of incubation. Samples of peripheral blood and tissues of the liver, small intestine (ileum), pectoral muscle, thigh muscle and yolk sac, collected on the day of hatch and at 7 days post-hatch, were used to analyse biochemical parameters and determine the malondialdehyde level and fatty acid profile. The results indicate that <em>in ovo</em> supplementation with a multi-strain probiotic and Zn-Gly chelate on the 17th day of incubation affects fat metabolism. Simultaneous administration of a multi-strain probiotic and Zn-Gly chelate did not increase the concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the muscles. In birds treated with Zn-Gly chelate, the PUFA concentration was increased in the muscle tissue in the period up to 7 days post-hatch, i.e. during the development of the chicks. Moreover, the analysis of the results confirmed that <em>in ovo</em> supplementation with a multi-strain probiotic and Zn-Gly chelate stimulates the synthesis of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), mainly stearic, palmitic and myristic acids, and improves the ratio of PUFAs to SFAs. The multi-strain probiotic and Zn-Gly chelate administered <em>in ovo</em> did not cause excessive MDA synthesis in the tissues, suggesting that these preparations reduce oxidative stress in the developing embryo and newly hatched chick.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 105577"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen fertiliser application rate to temperate mid-season grass: Digestion, nitrogen balance and rumen microbiota in beef cattle, and rumen fermentation and methane production in vitro","authors":"M. McGee ,&nbsp;A. O'Connor ,&nbsp;P. Cormican ,&nbsp;P. O'Kiely ,&nbsp;A.P. Moloney","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrogen (N) excretion by cattle, particularly urinary N, can have detrimental environmental impacts on air and water quality, and contributes to greenhouse gas emissions. The effects of increasing the application rate of inorganic N fertiliser from 15 (N15) to 80 (N80) kg/ha per cut to <em>Lolium perenne</em> dominant swards in summer, on intake, rumen fermentation, rumen microbial populations, apparent total-tract digestibility and N-balance in beef cattle, and <em>in vitro</em> fermentation and methane output, were studied. Sixteen suckler-bred Charolais steers, used in a randomised block design experiment, were offered fresh grass mechanically harvested 21-d after N fertiliser application. Similar grass was incubated in an eight-vessel <em>in vitro</em> RUSITEC system. Grass crude protein concentration was 50 g/kg dry matter (DM) higher for N80 compared to N15. There was no difference in grass DM intake between treatments. Rumen fermentation variables did not differ between treatments, except for the molar proportion of propionate, which was greater for N80 than N15. Gross microbial community structure in the rumen was not significantly altered by inorganic N fertiliser application rate. The relative abundance of individual genera Lachnospiraceae_NK3A320_group and Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group, and Acetitomaculum were significantly lower at the higher N application rate. Mean plasma urea concentration was greater for N80 compared to N15. <em>In vivo</em> digestibility of DM, organic matter, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre was unaffected by fertiliser N application rate. Nitrogen intake was 75 g/d greater, and urinary and faecal N excretion were 20 and 5 g/d greater, respectively, for N80 than N15. The quantity of N retained and N use efficiency was greater for N80 compared to N15. <em>In vitro</em> NH₃ concentration was greater for N80 than N15, whereas other rumen fermentation variables, and <em>in vitro</em> methane and total gas output, did not differ between treatments. Reducing the inorganic N fertiliser rate applied to mid-season temperate grass reduced N excretion from beef cattle, which is environmentally beneficial, with no effect on <em>in vitro</em> methane production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 105575"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yogurt acid whey powder dietary inclusion level modulates broiler cecal microbiota composition and metabolic activity","authors":"Irida Palamidi ,&nbsp;Vasileios V. Paraskeuas ,&nbsp;Eirini Griela ,&nbsp;Ioannis Politis ,&nbsp;Konstantinos C Mountzouris","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>All over the world, the increasing demand for Greek yogurt generates vast quantities of acid whey as a by-product. The large volume and nutrient composition of yogurt acid whey makes it worthwhile to investigate potential uses in animal nutrition. This study aimed to investigate the inclusion of yogurt acid whey powder (YAWP) in four dietary levels on broiler performance, cecal microbiota composition and metabolic activity. A total of 300 male one-day-old male Ross broiler chickens were randomly assigned into 4 treatments of 5 replicates each. Broilers were fed maize-soybean meal basal diets following a 2-phase feeding program. Depending on the YAWP inclusion level (g kg^-1 diet), treatments were no YAWP addition (W0), YAWP at 25 g kg^-1 (W25), YAWP at 50 g kg^-1 (W50) and YAWP at 100 g kg^-1 (W100). Overall body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were not affected by YAWP addition. In the ceca, a linear decrease in total bacteria counts and a linear increase in <em>Lactobacillus spp</em>. was noted with increasing YAWP dietary level. A linear reduction of <em>Clostridium</em> cluster I and <em>E. coli</em> species was noted with increasing YAWP dietary level. A linear increase in total volatile fatty acids concentration, acetic acid and butyric acid molar ratios was shown with increasing YAWP level. In conclusion, the addition of YAWP did not affect overall performance but positively modulated the cecal microbiota and metabolic activity of 42-day-old broiler chickens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 105576"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142318768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the nutritional values of egg yolks of laying hens by different dietary sources of omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin e and trace elements","authors":"Youssef Attia ,&nbsp;Ahmed A.Al Sagan ,&nbsp;El-Sayed O.S. Hussein ,&nbsp;Marai J. Olal ,&nbsp;Tarek A. Ebeid ,&nbsp;Abdulaziz A. Alabdullatif ,&nbsp;Rashed A. Alhotan ,&nbsp;Mohammed M. Qaid ,&nbsp;Vincenzo Tufarelli ,&nbsp;Gianluca Pugliese ,&nbsp;Khaild A. Asiry ,&nbsp;Sameer A. Nagadi ,&nbsp;Heba A. Shehta","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study aims to investigate the effect of whole flaxseed (WFS), fish oil (FO), and different sources of Se, Zn, and Fe on lipid metabolites, antioxidant status, immunity, egg yolks’ minerals (Se, Zn and Fe) and fatty acids and eggs’ lipid and health index in laying hens. A total of 144 hens were divided into 6 groups with 6 replicated of 4 hens each. The laying hens were fed diets containing 0, 7.5 % whole flaxseed (WFS)+1.5 % fish oil (FO), 7.5 %WFS+1.5 % FO+175 mg kg^-1 vitamin E (VE), 7.5 %WFS+1.5 % FO+ 175 mg kg^-1 VE +inorganic sources of Se, Zn, and Fe (ISeZnFe), 7.5 %WFS+1.5 % FO+175 mg kg^-1 VE+ organic sources of Se, Zn, and Fe (OSeZnFe) and 7.5 %WFS+1.5 % FO+ 175 mg kg^-1 VE +nano-source of Se, Zn, and Fe (NSeZnFe) from 40 to 50 weeks of age. Results clarified that incorporation of 7.5 %WFS+1.5 %FO+VE+OSeZnFe or 7.5 %WFS+1.5 %FO+VE+NSeZnFe increased serum concentration of HDL-cholesterol and HDL/LDL ratio, while reduced LDL-cholesterol and the hypercholesteremia index (RHCH) in comparison with control. Dietary 7.5 %WFS+1.5 %FO+VE+OSeZnFe or 7.5 %WFS+1.5 %FO+VE+NSeZnFe increased concentrations of total antioxidants capacity and vitamin E and reduced concentrations of malonaldehyde (MDA) in blood serum and egg contents. Interestingly, dietary inclusion of 7.5 %WFS+1.5 %FO+VE+OSeZnFe, or 7.5 %WFS+1.5 %FO+VE+NSeZnFe increased α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and total n-3 PUFAs concentrations in egg yolk, while reduced arachidonic acid (ARA) in the egg yolks, whereas n-6/n-3 PUFAs ratio was decreased significantly. Moreover, incorporation of 7.5 %WFS+1.5 %FO+VE+OSeZnFe, or 7.5 %WFS+1.5 %FO+VE+NSeZnFe improved egg health indices. It might be concluded that, inclusion of 7.5 %WFS+1.5 %FO+VE+OSeZnFe, or 7.5 %WFS+1.5 %FO+VE+NSeZnFe in hens’ diets had a positive effect on antioxidative properties in blood serum and eggs yolks contents; at the same time, it improved the egg yolk lipids, fatty acids and its related health and nutritional indices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 105573"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability in major milk protein genes in two autochthonous cattle breeds mainly reared in the Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese production area: Reggiana and Modenese","authors":"Stefania Dall'Olio,&nbsp;Giuseppina Schiavo,&nbsp;Samuele Bovo,&nbsp;Anisa Ribani,&nbsp;Francesca Bertolini,&nbsp;Luca Fontanesi","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reggiana and Modenese (also known as Bianca Valpadana) are two iconic autochthonous cattle breeds mainly raised in the North of Italy, in the area where the Protected Designation of Origin Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese is produced. The monitoring of diffusion of milk protein gene variants in these cattle breeds is important to evaluate the impact of selection and conservation programs on the frequency of favourable alleles on milk quality and cheese-making properties and to avoid the increase of the frequency of alleles with unfavourable effects. In this study, we genotyped a total of ∼3,300 cattle of the Reggiana and Modenese breeds with the GeneSeek® Genomic Profiler™ Bovine 150 K Array and obtained an updated picture of the variability present in three milk protein genes (<em>CSN2, CSN3</em> and <em>PAEP</em>, also known as β-lactoglobulin). We then retrospectively evaluated the trend of allele frequency changes over time, going back ∼50 years, comparing the information reported by previous studies in the same two breeds. The allele frequency trends could be considered either positive, according to the increase in frequency of alleles with favorable effects on cheese making properties and cheese yield (<em>i.e., CSN3</em>*B in both breeds) or negative, based on the decrease in frequency of favorable alleles on the same traits (<em>i.e., PAEP</em>*B in Reggiana). Therefore, some adjustments in the selection and conservation programs might be needed to maintain genetic properties that can positively contribute to addressing the production of high-quality Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese and support a sustainable conservation of these cattle genetic resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 105574"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142318767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary nitrate, fumaric acid, and methanotrophic bacteria supplementation on rumino-intestinal nutrient metabolism and enteric gas exchange in dairy cows","authors":"Morten Maigaard,&nbsp;Martin R. Weisbjerg,&nbsp;Mette Olaf Nielsen,&nbsp;Anne Louise Frydendahl Hellwing,&nbsp;Peter Lund","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105572","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of two approaches for enteric methane (CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) mitigation and one approach for redirection of excess hydrogen (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) resulting from CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; inhibition, on dairy cows’ gas exchange and nutrient digestibility. Approaches for CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; mitigation were methanotrophic bacteria supplementation and dietary nitrate, whereas the approach for H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; redirection was nitrate combined with fumaric acid. An incomplete 6 × 6 Latin square design experiment was conducted with 4 periods of 21 d using 6 rumen, duodenum, and ileum cannulated Danish Holstein cows with DIM of 123 ± 64.8 d (mean ± SD) and the milk yield was 33.6 ± 9.39 kg/d at beginning of experiment. The treatments were organized in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, where the first factor represented treatments without or with methanotrophic bacteria supplementation (MET), and the second factor represented 3 different dietary additive supplementations (DIET). These were a basal diet (BAS; no additives), a diet with nitrate (NIT; 10 g nitrate/kg dry matter (DM)), and a diet with nitrate combined with fumaric acid (NIT-F; NIT + 15 g fumaric acid/kg DM). Cows had ad libitum access to diets with a forage to concentrate ratio of 60 to 40 on dry matter basis. Following adaptation to experimental diets, samples of rumen fluid, digesta from duodenum and ileum, and feces were collected to estimate nutrient digestibility using Cr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; as external flow markers. Then, gas exchanges were measured in respiration chambers. There was no CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; mitigating effect of MET. Nitrate reduced CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; production (g/d), yield (g/kg DMI), and intensity (g/kg ECM) by 19.5, 11.9, and 17.2 %, respectively, whereas H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; yield (g/kg DMI) was increased by 261 %. Ruminal redox value was decreased by nitrate, and individual rumen volatile fatty acid proportions reflected a more reduced rumen environment although propionate proportions decreased. Nutrient digestibility was not affected by nitrate although microbial CP efficiency (g of microbial CP/kg true rumen digested organic matter) was decreased. Supplementing fumaric acid in combination with nitrate decreased H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; production by 26.8 % compared to nitrate fed cows, and this was associated with increased propionate concentrations. However, there was no effect on H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emission when corrected for dry matter intake (DMI) or energy-corrected milk (ECM) yield. There were no effects of any of the treatments on DMI or ECM yield. In conclusion, the results demonstrated a CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; mitigating effect of nitrate supplementation resulting in increased H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emission. The effects on nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation were minor. Fumaric acid supplementation redirected some H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; to propionate, although the efficiency was small. Supplementation of methanotrophic bacteria did not suppress ","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 105572"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871141324001781/pdfft?md5=f35777efa19e6f6d91ce2e4dc6bc94e0&pid=1-s2.0-S1871141324001781-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142164861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent technological developments and future trends in the evaluation and prediction of beef sensory quality in Brazil and France","authors":"Nathalia da Silva Rodrigues Mendes ,&nbsp;Julio Cesar Colivet Briceno ,&nbsp;Eliane Teixeira Mársico ,&nbsp;Marie-Pierre Ellies-Oury ,&nbsp;Sghaier Chriki ,&nbsp;Jean-François Hocquette ,&nbsp;Tatianne Ferreira de Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Brazil and France, which are two major beef players, continue to consolidate and strengthen their respective positions on international beef markets. This review summarizes Brazil's and France's recent technological developments in this sector, tracing the recent evolution of their beef markets with attention to indicators of quality, meeting consumer expectations, as well as to future trends in new techniques for predicting beef sensory quality. In addition, this review will focus on the feasibility of implementing the Meat Standards Australia (MSA) grading protocols (known internationally as the Guaranteed Global Grading (3G protocols) by the International Meat Research 3G Foundation. Implementations of the MSA/3G grading scheme as recommended by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) are particularly attractive because of MSA's proven record of increasing the reliability and accuracy of predictions of the sensory quality of beef through the use of pre- and post-slaughter factors. Additionally, the feasibility of new technologies for assessing the eating quality of beef has been evaluated by comparing the marbling scores of beef given by accredited graders for the MSA/3G method with those obtained using portable devices based on these new technologies. In this way, it is expected that implementation of the MSA/3G methodology and nondestructive techniques to evaluate the quality and safety of beef in Brazil and France will more reliably predict and further improve sensory quality, similar to what has already been implemented elsewhere.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 105550"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142098780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can C-type natriuretic peptide during in vitro maturation or culture influence the development of bovine embryos?","authors":"Camila Oliveira Rosa ,&nbsp;Patrícia Kubo Fontes ,&nbsp;Fábio Morotti ,&nbsp;Camila Bortoliero Costa ,&nbsp;Amanda Fonseca Zangirolamo ,&nbsp;Luciana Rocha Faustino ,&nbsp;Marcelo Fábio Gouveia Nogueira ,&nbsp;Marcelo Marcondes Seneda","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) plays a central role in regulating the meiotic progression of oocytes into growing follicles in mammals. However, there are few reports examining the relationship between CNP and embryonic development. In our study, different concentrations (50, 100, or 150 nM) of CNP were added during <em>in vitro</em> maturation (IVM) of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) or <em>in vitro</em> culture (IVC) of the bovine embryos (<em>B. taurus indicus</em>). The effects on embryo production and transcript abundance of the 20 genes of greatest interest that are related to metabolism, oocyte maturation, follicular development, cell signaling, oxidative and thermal stress, maternal-fetal interaction, and epigenetic regulation were evaluated. The blastocyst rate was influenced by CNP treatment (<em>P</em> = 0.049). Blastocyst rates were 31.05% (136/438) in the control group, 33.47% (162/484) in the 50 nM treatment group, 35.24% (179/508) in the 100 nM treatment group, and 32.53% (162/498) in the 150 nM treatment group for IVM. Furthermore, with IVC CNP supplementation, blastocyst rates were 28.49% (100/351) at 50 nM, 27.67% (119/430) at 100 nM, and 26.92% (112/416) at 150 nM. Moreover, the expression of RE1 silencing transcription factor (REST), a gene related to pluripotency and to embryonic development, was greater (<em>P</em> = 0.028) in response to 150 nM CNP supplementation in IVM. Finally, we observed for the first time the expression of the CNP receptor (NPR2) in embryos and the possible action of CNP at this stage. In conclusion, our data provide a reference for the improvement of IVM results in the <em>in vitro</em> production of bovine embryos with supplementation with 100 nM CNP, and this is the first study to demonstrate the expression of the CNP receptor (NPR2) in bovine embryos.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 105559"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142097463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome reveals the heterogeneity of ovarian follicles between high-altitude Yak (Bos grunniens) and Low-altitude cattle (Bos taurus)","authors":"Hongmei Xu ,&nbsp;Zifeng Ma ,&nbsp;Jinlun Lu ,&nbsp;Yueyue Li ,&nbsp;Qiao Li ,&nbsp;Shi Yin ,&nbsp;Honghong He ,&nbsp;Yan Xiong ,&nbsp;Xianrong Xiong ,&nbsp;Jian Li ,&nbsp;Daoliang Lan ,&nbsp;Wei Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Differences including reproductive efficiency have been proved existence between high-altitude yak (<em>Bos grunniens</em>) and low-altitude cattle (<em>Bos taurus</em>), however, the discrepancies of ovarian follicles across them are still elusive. In the present study, RNA-seq results exhibited an obvious separation of yak and cattle granulosa cells (GCs), and 2329 differently expressed genes (DEGs) was obtained, with 1297 upregulated and 1032 downregulated DEGs in yaks. Advanced analysis revealed that DEGs were mainly enriched in cellular structure, DNA packaging and remodeling (GO and GSEA), hypoxia adaptability, energy metabolism (KEGG and GSEA), and epigenetic modification of histones (Reactome and GSEA). Metabolite profiles of yak and cattle follicular fluid (FF) were depicted by LC-MS/MS non-target metabolomics, and 350 different metabolites (DMs) were acquired, with 242 upregulated and 108 downregulated DMs in yaks. The KEGG pathway enrichment results demonstrated that DMs were primarily enriched in metabolism including lipid, carbohydrate and nucleic acid metabolism. Finally, twenty-nine pathways were significant enriched via integrative analysis, most of which were associated with metabolism including carbohydrate metabolism (e.g. Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis) and lipid metabolism (e.g. Sphingolipid metabolism). Of note, the key hypoxia adaptation pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, was predominant enriched. Overall, we ascertained that the heterogeneity in ovarian follicles of yaks and cattle was existence, which were mainly reflected on hypoxia adaptation and energy metabolism. These results implied that the above processes were evolved specifically for the normal development of yak follicles under plateau atmosphere.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 105557"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beef cattle mating recommendation based on bioeconomic models","authors":"A.P. Gomes ,&nbsp;S.S. Camargo ,&nbsp;M.J.-I. Yokoo","doi":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recognizing the pivotal role of mating in animal breeding, this study strives to establish a robust strategy for recommending optimal matings among bovines. This strategy is built to maximize a single value derived from the economic selection index of full-cycle system in Brangus cattle. The study endeavors to apply computational methodologies to explore economically significant traits comprehensively, thereby leading to amplified financial gains for Brangus cattle breeders. Anchored within this overarching objective, a strategic deployment of a genetic algorithm is employed to formulate mating recommendations that precisely align with the priority traits designated by the genetic evaluation program of the Brazilian Brangus Association (BBA). The data set of the BBA for the simulations in this study encompass a range of selection criteria, including: i) birth weight; ii) mature cow weight; iii) ribeye area; iv) subcutaneous fat thickness; v) subcutaneous fat thickness at the rump; vi) escape speed; vii) nematode egg count per gram of feces; and viii) tick count. The research findings underscore that the recommendations provided by the computational strategy converge to increase the bioeconomic index while controlling the trade-off between this index and progeny inbreeding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18152,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Science","volume":"289 ","pages":"Article 105551"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}