Limnology and Oceanography最新文献

{"title":"Wildfire ash inhibits the growth and photosynthetic efficiency of marine phytoplankton","authors":"Kyle S. Van Houtan, John Lambert, Anthony A. Provatas, Dillon J. Van Houtan, Celia M. Smith","doi":"10.1002/lno.70161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.70161","url":null,"abstract":"While the ecological effects of wildfires have been documented in terrestrial and aquatic environments, impacts on coastal and ocean ecosystems are largely unexplored. Here, we describe the physical and chemical properties of ash from the CZU Lightning Complex fire (California, USA) and assess its experimental impacts on unicellular marine phytoplankton, using model monocultures. Air‐fall ash samples were primarily composed of particles 250–500 <jats:italic>μ</jats:italic>m and contained ~ 1‰ of Fe, Mn, and Ba. Diagnostic indices indicated the air‐fall ash originated from combusted wood, and the total concentration of the EPA 16 high‐priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons approached 3 ppm. Pulse Amplitude Modulation fluorometry documented 0%–18% reductions in photosynthetic efficiency of <jats:italic>Isochrysis</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Dunaliella</jats:italic> cultures dosed with ash, and culture extracts showed 20%–84% declines in bulk cellular growth. While our study demonstrated the impacts of wildfire ash on marine producers, the precise physiological mechanisms are unclear, and we make several recommendations for future studies.","PeriodicalId":18143,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144763391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ascidians increase in abundance on tropicalized reefs and may enhance benthic nitrous oxide production","authors":"Zuhairah Dindar, Dirk V. Erler, Stephanie G. Gardner, Hamish A. Malcolm, Michael Sutherland, Adriana Vergés","doi":"10.1002/lno.70154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.70154","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrous oxide (N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O) is an ozone‐depleting greenhouse gas that has a global warming potential nearly 300 times greater than carbon dioxide. Although the oceans contribute about 21% of atmospheric global N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O emissions, we know relatively little about N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O dynamics in nearshore systems. Here, we document the fourfold increase in the abundance of a large N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O‐producing invertebrate (<jats:italic>Herdmania grandis</jats:italic>) over two decades in eastern Australia. This increase occurred in warming subtropical reefs that were previously dominated by carbon‐capturing kelp but have since become tropicalized as warm‐affinity species expand their ranges poleward. Temperature manipulation experiments demonstrated that <jats:italic>Herdmania</jats:italic> produces higher levels of N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O under current summer conditions (25°C) compared to winter (18°C). However, further warming to 28°C resulted in intermediate N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O production rates, which did not differ significantly from either summer or winter values, indicating that a threshold for temperature‐driven N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O production may have been reached. By integrating N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O production rates with <jats:italic>Herdmania</jats:italic> field density data and coastal bathymetry, we estimate that subtropical reefs may already be producing more N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O than adjacent estuaries. Our findings suggest that warming reefs, transitioning from carbon‐capturing kelp forests to N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O‐producing ascidian‐dominated reefs, could significantly alter coastal greenhouse gas budgets.","PeriodicalId":18143,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144763392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plankton do not care: Minimal effects of ocean liming on plankton growth and grazing in the Eastern Mediterranean","authors":"Claudia Traboni, Ariadna C. Nocera, Filomena Romano, Justine Courboulès, Christos Chantzaras, Iordanis Magiopoulos, Selene Varliero, Daniela Basso, Paraskevi Pitta","doi":"10.1002/lno.70136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.70136","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> emissions have led to the development of CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> removal strategies to counteract ocean acidification. Among these, ocean alkalinity enhancement techniques, particularly ocean liming, may represent a promising approach to restore seawater pH and boost CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> sequestration. Yet, the impact of liming on plankton communities remains underexplored. In the framework of a mesocosm experiment, we conducted three dilution incubations to assess natural plankton response (abundance, composition, growth, grazing, diet, and food selectivity) to liming, achieved with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>) additions. Experiments included two liming treatments (low concentration, and high concentration) and a control treatment without Ca(OH)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>. The community was dominated by small‐sized plankton (bacteria, <jats:italic>Synechococcus</jats:italic> and pigmented picoflagellates), outnumbering larger diatoms, dinoflagellates, and ciliates. While chlorophyll <jats:italic>a</jats:italic>, heterotrophic bacteria, and pigmented picoflagellates remained stable across treatments, the abundance of <jats:italic>Synechococcus</jats:italic> and dinoflagellates increased, whereas diatoms and ciliates declined particularly under high Ca(OH)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>. Growth and grazing rates were largely unaffected by alkalinity, except for increased growth in pigmented picoflagellates upon liming. Microzooplankton showed low ingestion of <jats:italic>Synechococcus</jats:italic> and pigmented picoflagellates and higher intake of diatoms, dinoflagellates, and ciliates. Food selectivity was unresponsive to liming, as the grazers selected prey based on size, regardless of Ca(OH)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> concentrations. Increased alkalinity and pH, and the parallel effect of trophic cascades might have driven nutrient fluctuations and shaped downstream trophic interactions. Despite positive responses highlighted in this study, further research is needed to explore liming potentiality on a wider range of food‐web components and larger scales in the framework of ocean alkalinity enhancement research.","PeriodicalId":18143,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144763394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of nutritional history, prey quality, and quantity on grazing and photophysiological responses in the mixoplanktonic dinoflagellate Karenia brevis","authors":"So Hyun Ahn, Xavier Mayali, Peter K. Weber, Patricia M. Glibert","doi":"10.1002/lno.70158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.70158","url":null,"abstract":"The mixotrophic toxic dinoflagellate <jats:italic>Karenia brevis</jats:italic> forms red tides almost annually along Florida's Gulf coast. We hypothesize that the nutritional status and abundance of its prey, the picocyanobacterium <jats:italic>Synechococcus</jats:italic>, will affect its feeding rates and growth responses, with implications for bloom dynamics. This study investigated how prey nutritional quality and quantity (absolute and relative) impact grazing rates by <jats:italic>K. brevis</jats:italic> initially exponentially growing and in nitrogen (N)‐limited conditions, and how grazing, in turn, affects the photophysiological responses of predator and prey. Prey quality was manipulated by providing <jats:italic>Synechococcus</jats:italic> grown under different ratios of N : phosphorus (P). <jats:italic>Synechococcus</jats:italic> quality did not significantly affect ingestion rates (measured as prey death rate) but grazing rates increased with increasing prey : grazer ratios (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sup>2</jats:sup> = 0.7). Compared to control, the growth of exponentially growing grazers doubled when <jats:italic>Synechococcus</jats:italic> was provided, whereas there was no growth enhancement when <jats:italic>Synechococcus</jats:italic> of varying qualities was provided to N‐limited, chemostat‐seeded grazers. Despite this doubled growth, <jats:sup>15</jats:sup>N labeling of the prey and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) detected low <jats:italic>Synechococcus</jats:italic>‐N transfer into grazer biomass after 3 d (&lt; 1% on a cell basis). This suggests the potential of grazers benefiting from alternative N sources (e.g., microbiome‐N) or other constituents (e.g., vitamins or metals) not measured in this study. Prey photosynthetic efficiency declined under grazing conditions, demonstrating that grazers can directly affect prey abundance through grazing and indirectly affect prey photophysiology, potentially via allelopathy, supporting previous findings of an inverse relationship between grazers and prey along the Florida Gulf Coast.","PeriodicalId":18143,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144747365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of cosmopolitan toxic diatom, Pseudo‐nitzschia, by seaweeds","authors":"Laine H. Sylvers, Christopher J. Gobler","doi":"10.1002/lno.70127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.70127","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:italic>Pseudo‐nitzschia</jats:italic> is a genus of harmful algal bloom (HAB)‐forming diatoms that can produce domoic acid (DA), a compound known to cause death and disease in marine wildlife as well as amnesic shellfish poisoning in humans. Here, we show the effects of multiple cultivable seaweeds—<jats:italic>Saccharina latissima</jats:italic> (sugar kelp), <jats:italic>Ulva</jats:italic> spp., and <jats:italic>Gracilaria</jats:italic> spp.—on multiple toxic species of <jats:italic>Pseudo‐nitzschia</jats:italic>. Co‐culture growth assays of <jats:italic>Pseudo‐nitzschia multiseries</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Pseudo‐nitzschia australis</jats:italic> together with environmentally realistic concentrations of each seaweed showed that all seaweeds except for <jats:italic>Gracilaria</jats:italic> caused significant reduction in <jats:italic>Pseudo‐nitzschia</jats:italic> cell density relative to control treatments of 13%–47% in 24‐to‐48 h and up to 74%–94% reduction at 72 h and later (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05 for all assays). In almost all experiments, <jats:italic>Pseudo‐nitzschia</jats:italic> spp. in control treatments displayed exponential growth whereas populations in seaweed treatments did not. Bottle incubations of field‐collected bloom populations of <jats:italic>Pseudo‐nitzschia</jats:italic> spp. containing different <jats:italic>Pseudo‐nitzschia</jats:italic> species assemblies with aquaculture realistic concentrations of <jats:italic>S. latissima</jats:italic> led to a significant reduction in <jats:italic>Pseudo‐nitzschia</jats:italic> spp. cell density of 69%–81% by <jats:italic>S. latissima</jats:italic> at 2 g L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05 for all assays). In toxin accumulation experiments, <jats:italic>S. latissima</jats:italic> significantly lessened (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) DA accumulation in blue mussels (<jats:italic>Mytilus edilus</jats:italic>) and razor clams (<jats:italic>Ensis leei</jats:italic>). Collectively, these results suggest that the integration of seaweeds (particularly <jats:italic>S. latissima</jats:italic>) with shellfish aquaculture should be considered as a non‐invasive and potentially profit‐generating measure to mitigate the damage to that industry caused by the growing threat of <jats:italic>Pseudo‐nitzschia</jats:italic> blooms.","PeriodicalId":18143,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144766099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information & TOC","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/lno.70148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.70148","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18143,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography","volume":"70 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lno.70148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144725379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information & Members form","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/lno.70147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.70147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18143,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography","volume":"70 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lno.70147","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144725380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information & Copyright","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/lno.70149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.70149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18143,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography","volume":"70 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lno.70149","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144725697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The essential role of large research vessels in marine ecosystem observations and ocean sustainability","authors":"Erin V. Satterthwaite, John C. Field, Andrea J. Fassbender, Gerardo Aceves‐Medina, Steven J. Bograd, Elliott L. Hazen, Nastassia V. Patin, Zachary Gold, Katherine A. Barbeau, Danie Kinkade, Adam Shepherd, Rasmus Swalethorp, Andrew R. Thompson, Henry A. Ruhl, Brice Semmens","doi":"10.1002/lno.70110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.70110","url":null,"abstract":"Our understanding of marine ecosystems and ability to manage them sustainably has come from multidisciplinary observations made repeatedly over long periods of time. These long‐term ecosystem observations depend on the capabilities of large research vessels, which play an essential role in the collection of global ocean observations. Research vessels serve as large, stable platforms for collecting high volume samples from the surface to the seafloor that provide uniquely valuable in situ marine ecosystem information. Additionally, they serve as mobile laboratories enabling the collection, preservation, processing, and analysis of unique samples and data, such as chemical, biogeochemical, and biological parameters. Given their capacity for, and repeated use in, collecting comprehensive marine ecosystem observations—across geology, physics, chemistry, and biology—large research vessels provide insight into long‐term regional ecosystem dynamics. They also act as platforms‐of‐opportunity for testing, refining, and comparing technologies, enabling innovation and the evolution of the observing system. High‐quality observations from large research vessels serve as the backbone for many other components of the global ocean observing system through their use in calibrating autonomous sensors and predictive modeling. Moreover, large research vessels function as mobile, experiential training and exploration platforms that facilitate discovery, education, and collaboration. An effective, modular marine ecosystem observing system will depend on large research vessels to sustain and augment existing observing programs and to deploy, service, and validate the growing array of autonomous platforms that contribute to it. Achieving this vision will likely require maintaining and upgrading ship‐based infrastructure and personnel, integrating emerging technologies, leveraging the unique capabilities of large research vessels in conjunction with other platforms, strengthening collaborative partnerships, and building social capital for marine ecosystem observations through training, knowledge sharing, and effective governance.","PeriodicalId":18143,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144766094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information & Masthead","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/lno.70146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.70146","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18143,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography","volume":"70 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lno.70146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144725696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}