{"title":"Divergent responses of the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii to ocean acidification during light and dark periods","authors":"Guang Gao, Liming Qu, Jingke Ge, Kunshan Gao","doi":"10.1002/lol2.70128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.70128","url":null,"abstract":"Given the limited understanding of discrepancies in responses of diatoms to ocean acidification (OA), we comparatively investigated the physiological and transcriptional performances of a diatom <jats:italic>Thalassiosira weissflogii</jats:italic> acclimated to OA (pH <jats:sub>t</jats:sub> drop of 0.35–0.41) between day and night periods. We found that OA enhanced its specific growth rate (up to 10%) in the light period by upregulating light reaction, Calvin cycle and H <jats:sup>+</jats:sup> pumps to cope with the decreased pH. On the other hand, OA reduced its apparent specific growth rate (14%) in the dark period due to additive pH drop caused by OA‐enhanced respiratory CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> release. In the dark period, the cells could not effectively cope with the decreased pH since H <jats:sup>+</jats:sup> pumps were downregulated. Consequently, OA did not affect cell growth during a 24 h diel cycle. These findings suggest that daytime positive and night negative effects of OA on diatoms could be responsible for differential results observed under different conditions, with implications for possible seasonal and latitudinal effects of OA.","PeriodicalId":18128,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography Letters","volume":"259 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147751667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Life after death in the pelagic: Non‐predatory zooplankton mortality and the “ghost carbon pump”","authors":"Albert Calbet","doi":"10.1002/lol2.70130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.70130","url":null,"abstract":"The biological carbon pump is traditionally framed as a trophically mediated process in which zooplankton mortality is attributed mainly to predation, routing carbon through fecal pellets and higher trophic levels before export. Increasing evidence, however, shows that nonpredatory mortality—caused by different environmental stressors—accounts for a substantial fraction of zooplankton losses. These deaths produce intact carcasses that sink as discrete particles, forming an often overlooked pathway of particulate organic carbon export. Here, I synthesize current evidence to formalize the “ghost carbon pump”: the direct transfer of zooplankton biomass to depth via nonpredatory mortality. Carcasses represent a distinct export pathway whose rapid sinking and intense microbial processing redistribute remineralization vertically and may contribute to mismatches between measured particulate organic carbon flux and mesopelagic respiratory demand. As warming, stratification, and deoxygenation intensify, this pathway warrants explicit evaluation in carbon budget assessments.","PeriodicalId":18128,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography Letters","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147739599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joseph S. Rabaey, Brian J. Huser, Przemyslaw G. Bajer, John A. Downing
{"title":"Altered greenhouse gas emissions in shallow lakes invaded by common carp ( Cyprinus carpio )","authors":"Joseph S. Rabaey, Brian J. Huser, Przemyslaw G. Bajer, John A. Downing","doi":"10.1002/lol2.70126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.70126","url":null,"abstract":"Species invasions are among the most important environmental problems facing freshwater ecosystems this century, contributing to biodiversity loss and changes in ecosystem function. Freshwater lakes are an important component of the global carbon cycle and a key source of atmospheric greenhouse gases, yet the consequences of species invasions on gas emissions remain poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed greenhouse gas emissions from shallow lakes invaded by one of the world's most damaging invasive species, the common carp. We show that lakes with invasive carp had lower methane emissions despite increased eutrophication, contradicting the well‐established assumption that methane emissions from lakes increase with nutrient levels and productivity. Lakes with carp had reduced sediment phosphorus concentrations, likely due to bioturbation, which correlated with lower methane emissions. Given the widespread and global nature of carp invasion, carp may have the potential to alter carbon and nutrient cycling at large scales.","PeriodicalId":18128,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography Letters","volume":"324 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147720043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mary Jade Farruggia, Adrianne P. Smits, Steven Sadro
{"title":"Wildfire smoke reduces water temperature and metabolic rates in lakes and ponds across a small headwater watershed","authors":"Mary Jade Farruggia, Adrianne P. Smits, Steven Sadro","doi":"10.1002/lol2.70125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.70125","url":null,"abstract":"Pervasive smoke from wildfires can alter fundamental aspects of lake ecosystems, such as water temperature and rates of gross primary production and ecosystem respiration (ecosystem metabolism). However, understanding the effects of smoke on lake temperature and metabolism remains challenging, due to spatiotemporal variability in smoke cover and density, and variability in lake‐specific factors that mediate responses. To control for variability in smoke exposure and lake trophic state, we examined thermal and metabolic responses to smoke in six oligotrophic lakes and ponds in one small headwater watershed from 2020 to 2022. Lakes and ponds were exposed to 37 days of high‐ and medium‐density smoke on average. Smoke cover reduced water temperature and metabolic rates. The magnitude of responses varied by waterbody size and smoke density. Smoke reduced rates of primary production by 3–49% and rates of respiration by 12–60%, highlighting the potential for smoke cover to influence local and global carbon cycling.","PeriodicalId":18128,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography Letters","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147719828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura Melo Vieira Soares, Taynara Fernandes, Talita Fernanda das Graças Silva, Karsten Rinke, Maria do Carmo Calijuri
{"title":"Connected reservoirs: Modeling aquatic ecosystems along a cascade system in Brazil","authors":"Laura Melo Vieira Soares, Taynara Fernandes, Talita Fernanda das Graças Silva, Karsten Rinke, Maria do Carmo Calijuri","doi":"10.1002/lol2.70122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Connected reservoirs along cascade systems have been constructed along large rivers worldwide, establishing a network of aquatic environments that greatly affect matter flux and ecological dynamics. Here, we explore the underlying ecological principles of their unidirectional connectivity, applying a modeling framework that explicitly links reservoir processes along a cascade system. Our study uses an intensively modified large river system with multiple reservoirs in Brazil to showcase the systematic effects of unilaterally connected ecosystems. Given the top priority of nutrient load reduction as a general management strategy, 18 scenarios of reducing nutrient loads were simulated to assess how restoration strategies modify the ecological state downstream. According to the model simulations, the exact spatial implementation of nutrient load reductions along a reservoir chain highly influenced the ecosystem status and functioning systematically. This finding points to new opportunities in river basin management and restoration strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18128,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography Letters","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lol2.70122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147683143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Zooplankton diel vertical migration enhances carbon export via distinct mechanisms in a warming North Pacific","authors":"Chenying Guo, Peng Xiu, Lianyi Zhang","doi":"10.1002/lol2.70124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.70124","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Zooplankton diel vertical migration (DVM) is a crucial marine organism behavior modulating particulate organic carbon (POC) export, yet its dynamic role under climate change remains uncertain. Using a coupled physical–biogeochemical model, we assessed how DVM affects carbon export under future scenarios at two contrasting North Pacific sites: Hawaii Ocean Time-series Station ALOHA (subtropical) and K2 (subarctic). Our simulations suggest that by the 2090s, migration depth remains stable at ALOHA but shoals to < 200 m at K2 as temperature cues override irradiance cues. Within the model framework, subsurface POC fluxes are enhanced under the assumed DVM representation, despite reduced migrator biomass. POC transfer efficiency in the twilight zone increases at both sites, driven by distinct mechanisms: enhanced large particle production at ALOHA, and reduced predator pressure and decreased remineralization by deoxygenation at K2. Our study incorporating zooplankton DVM into ecological modeling improves projections of the biological carbon pump in a warming climate.</p>","PeriodicalId":18128,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography Letters","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lol2.70124","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147683144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura Melo Vieira Soares, Taynara Fernandes, Talita Fernanda das Graças Silva, Karsten Rinke, Maria do Carmo Calijuri
{"title":"Connected reservoirs: Modeling aquatic ecosystems along a cascade system in Brazil","authors":"Laura Melo Vieira Soares, Taynara Fernandes, Talita Fernanda das Graças Silva, Karsten Rinke, Maria do Carmo Calijuri","doi":"10.1002/lol2.70122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Connected reservoirs along cascade systems have been constructed along large rivers worldwide, establishing a network of aquatic environments that greatly affect matter flux and ecological dynamics. Here, we explore the underlying ecological principles of their unidirectional connectivity, applying a modeling framework that explicitly links reservoir processes along a cascade system. Our study uses an intensively modified large river system with multiple reservoirs in Brazil to showcase the systematic effects of unilaterally connected ecosystems. Given the top priority of nutrient load reduction as a general management strategy, 18 scenarios of reducing nutrient loads were simulated to assess how restoration strategies modify the ecological state downstream. According to the model simulations, the exact spatial implementation of nutrient load reductions along a reservoir chain highly influenced the ecosystem status and functioning systematically. This finding points to new opportunities in river basin management and restoration strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18128,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography Letters","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lol2.70122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147683274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Zooplankton diel vertical migration enhances carbon export via distinct mechanisms in a warming North Pacific","authors":"Chenying Guo, Peng Xiu, Lianyi Zhang","doi":"10.1002/lol2.70124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.70124","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Zooplankton diel vertical migration (DVM) is a crucial marine organism behavior modulating particulate organic carbon (POC) export, yet its dynamic role under climate change remains uncertain. Using a coupled physical–biogeochemical model, we assessed how DVM affects carbon export under future scenarios at two contrasting North Pacific sites: Hawaii Ocean Time-series Station ALOHA (subtropical) and K2 (subarctic). Our simulations suggest that by the 2090s, migration depth remains stable at ALOHA but shoals to < 200 m at K2 as temperature cues override irradiance cues. Within the model framework, subsurface POC fluxes are enhanced under the assumed DVM representation, despite reduced migrator biomass. POC transfer efficiency in the twilight zone increases at both sites, driven by distinct mechanisms: enhanced large particle production at ALOHA, and reduced predator pressure and decreased remineralization by deoxygenation at K2. Our study incorporating zooplankton DVM into ecological modeling improves projections of the biological carbon pump in a warming climate.</p>","PeriodicalId":18128,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography Letters","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lol2.70124","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147683145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distribution and source-sink dynamics of H2 in the Western Tropical Pacific and their response to La Niña–induced upwelling","authors":"Yu-Cheng Jiang, Gao-Bin Xu, Heng-Qi Liu, Jian Wang, Feng Xu, Shi-Bo Yan, Xuan Zhang, Hong-Hai Zhang","doi":"10.1002/lol2.70120","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lol2.70120","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) influences the climate by prolonging the lifetime of greenhouse gases via consuming hydroxyl radicals. Despite the ocean's crucial role in regulating atmospheric H<sub>2</sub>, its marine biogeochemical cycle is poorly constrained. To bridge this gap, our research in the Western Tropical Pacific Ocean (WTPO) revealed a north–south increasing gradient in the surface (1.40–23.4 nmol L<sup>−1</sup>). Key processes encompassing photo-production (1.43–4.36 nmol L<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>), microbial consumption (0.57–1.92 nmol L<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>), and sea-to-air exchange (1.19–11.3 × 10<sup>−3</sup> nmol L<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>) were conducted to refine the budget estimation for the mixed layer. The highest photo-production and consumption rates occurred at equatorial stations driven by La Niña–induced upwelling that supplied nutrients and organic matter. The sea–air flux in the WTPO was large enough to influence the turnover of atmospheric H<sub>2</sub> above the ocean. This research provides critical constraints for assessing oceanic H<sub>2</sub> emission and environmental impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":18128,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography Letters","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lol2.70120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147586156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mei Sato, Zachary K. Erickson, Laetitia Drago, Amy E. Maas, Helena McMonagle, Deborah K. Steinberg
{"title":"Temporal dynamics of mesopelagic fishes within a mesoscale eddy: A Lagrangian perspective","authors":"Mei Sato, Zachary K. Erickson, Laetitia Drago, Amy E. Maas, Helena McMonagle, Deborah K. Steinberg","doi":"10.1002/lol2.70113","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lol2.70113","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mesoscale eddies are physically dynamic environments, yet biological responses within them are often treated as static, with eddy polarity (anticyclones vs. cyclones) serving as the dominant conceptual framework. Temporal dynamics of animals within eddies—particularly at mid-trophic levels—remain largely unresolved. We tracked a long-lived anticyclonic eddy in the Northeast Atlantic for nearly a month using a Lagrangian framework, generating one of the few continuous time series of mesopelagic fish distribution within an eddy. Coupled physical–biological observations revealed marked vertical changes following a major wind storm: compact fish aggregations dispersed as phytoplankton distributions expanded and zooplankton deepened, despite comparable integrated fish biomass before and after. These results show that aggregation dynamics of mesopelagic fishes are modulated by bottom-up variability on weekly to monthly timescales. By moving beyond static snapshots, our study demonstrates that eddies function as dynamic ecosystems whose ecological roles in pelagic food webs evolve through time.</p>","PeriodicalId":18128,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography Letters","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lol2.70113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147586160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}