Karin Potthoff, Jens Uhlig, Lutz Jacobasch, Lothar Müller, Marcel Reiser, Rebecca de Buhr, Silke Polata, Armin Gerger, Viktor Zehrer, Arno Amann, Thomas Göhler, Laura Serrer, Jan Schröder, Dieter Semsek, Andreas Köhler, Patrick Stübs, Gerald Prager, Hans Ulrich Siebenbach, Anita Schuch, Norbert Marschner
{"title":"Prospective validation of the modified metastatic colorectal cancer score (mCCS) in >600 patients with RAS-wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer treated with first-line panitumumab plus FOLFIRI/FOLFOX: Final results of the non-interventional study VALIDATE.","authors":"Karin Potthoff, Jens Uhlig, Lutz Jacobasch, Lothar Müller, Marcel Reiser, Rebecca de Buhr, Silke Polata, Armin Gerger, Viktor Zehrer, Arno Amann, Thomas Göhler, Laura Serrer, Jan Schröder, Dieter Semsek, Andreas Köhler, Patrick Stübs, Gerald Prager, Hans Ulrich Siebenbach, Anita Schuch, Norbert Marschner","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Existing prognostic scores for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) are based on randomized clinical trial data and focus on parameters evaluated at the start of first-line (1L) treatment. Unlike these, the modified mCRC prognostic score (mCCS) was developed using real-world data from the German tumor registry colorectal cancer (TKK) and is based on pre-1L treatment information. It predicts overall survival (OS) for patients with RAS-wild-type (WT) mCRC using five tumor characteristics identified as independent negative prognostic factors. The mCCS aims to facilitate risk-based treatment approaches and optimize mCRC treatment. The VALIDATE study was a prospective, non-interventional study designed to validate the modified mCCS, recruiting patients with RAS-WT mCRC in Germany and Austria. A total of 646 patients from 113 study sites were enrolled in VALIDATE and received 1L therapy with panitumumab in combination with FOLFOX/FOLFIRI. Patients were categorized into risk groups according to the modified mCCS. The prognostic value of the modified mCCS was prospectively validated by demonstrating significantly longer median OS of patients in the low-risk group (29.1 months [25.9, 32.1]) compared to those in the high-risk group (20.1 months, [15.0, 23.9]). Rates of secondary resections of metastases were ≥ 23% for low and intermediate-risk patients, indicating a pivotal opportunity for improved prognosis. During panitumumab administration, patient-reported quality of life was preserved, and the tolerability profile was manageable with no new safety signals. The modified mCCS could serve as a practical tool for oncologists in routine clinical practice to aid in treatment decision-making and effectively communicating prognosis to patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comments on \"HPV vaccination is highly effective and cost-effective for cervical cancer prevention in women living with HIV in China: A cost-effectiveness analysis\".","authors":"Zhongyi Liu, Xiaoguang Tong","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70130","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reply to 'Comments on \"HPV vaccination is highly effective and cost-effective for cervical cancer prevention in women living with HIV in China: A cost-effectiveness analysis\"'.","authors":"Hanting Liu, Zhuoru Zou, Lei Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70129","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Loss of METTL3 m6A methyltransferase results in short-term progression and poor treatment outcome of bladder cancer patients.","authors":"Katerina-Marina Pilala, Stella Koroneou, Maria-Alexandra Papadimitriou, Konstantina Panoutsopoulou, Konstantinos Soureas, Georgios-Christos Giagkos, Panagiotis Levis, Dimitrios Linardoutsos, Konstantinos Stravodimos, Margaritis Avgeris, Andreas Scorilas","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bladder cancer (BlCa) exhibits a highly heterogeneous molecular landscape and treatment response, underlining the pressing need for personalized prognosis. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) constitutes the most abundant RNA modification, modulates RNA biology/metabolism, and maintains cellular homeostasis, with its dysregulation involved in cancer initiation and progression. Herein, we evaluated the clinical value of METTL3 m6A methyltransferase, the main catalytic component of m6A methylation machinery, in improving BlCa patients' risk stratification and prognosis. The screening cohort of the study included 213 patients. The UROMOL (n = 535) was analyzed as a validation cohort for non-muscle-invasive BlCa (NMIBC), while the TCGA-BLCA (n = 412) and Mariathasan et al. (n = 348) cohorts were analyzed for muscle-invasive BlCa (MIBC). Disease recurrence/progression and patients' mortality were assessed as clinical endpoints for NMIBC and MIBC, respectively. Internal validation of Cox regression models was conducted using bootstrap analysis, while the clinical utility for patient prognosis was evaluated through decision curve analysis. Reduced METTL3 expression was correlated with muscle-invasive disease and tumors of advanced stage. Loss of METTL3 expression at diagnosis was strongly associated with higher risk of short-term progression (HR = 2.903, 95% CI: 1.303-6.464, p = 0.006) to invasive stages in NMIBC and with worse survival of MIBC patients (HR = 1.908, 95% CI: 1.020-3.567, p = 0.042). Consistently, validation cohorts confirmed the poor treatment outcomes in patients exhibiting loss of METTL3. Finally, METTL3-fitted multivariate models improved risk stratification and offered superior clinical benefit for NMIBC and MIBC prognostication compared to clinically established disease markers. Overall, loss of METTL3 expression correlates with inferior treatment outcomes in BlCa, driving more accurate risk stratification and ameliorating patients' prognosis in BlCa.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mary T Amure, Sreenath A Madathil, Claudie Laprise, Marie-Claude Rousseau, Belinda F Nicolau
{"title":"Oral co-infection with multiple alpha-human papillomavirus and head and neck cancer risk.","authors":"Mary T Amure, Sreenath A Madathil, Claudie Laprise, Marie-Claude Rousseau, Belinda F Nicolau","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Canada, the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related head and neck cancer (HNC) is increasing. The role of multiple oral HPV infections in HNC etiology remains unclear, and evidence of HPV vaccination's effectiveness in reducing HNC incidence is limited. We investigated oral HPV co-infection patterns, estimated the association between multiple oral HPV infections and HNC risk, and the effect of eliminating vaccine-targeted HPV genotypes on HNC incidence. We used data from a case-control study with 460 incident HNC cases and 458 frequency-matched controls recruited from four Montreal hospitals. In-person interviews gathered life course exposure data, and exfoliated mouth and cancer site cells were analyzed for α-HPV genotypes using PCR. We assessed co-infecting α-HPV genotypes' independence using a Poisson model and estimated the association between multiple oral α-HPV infections and HNC risk using logistic regression. We also emulated a target trial, using targeted maximum likelihood estimation to evaluate the potential treatment effect of HPV vaccination on HNC. Among HPV-positive individuals (164 cases, 61 controls), 34.76% of cases and 31.15% of controls had multiple oral α-HPV infections. The observed distribution differed from expected under a mutually independent model of infection. Multiple α-HPV infections increased HNC risk [OR = 4.66; 95%CI: 2.59, 8.76]. In the entire population [average treatment effect = -0.007, 95%CI; -0.008, -0.005] and among individuals without vaccine-targeted HPV genotypes [average treatment effect on the treated = -0.04, 95%CI; -0.05, -0.03], HNC risk decreased. In conclusion, multiple oral α-HPV infections are common and increase HNC risk. Conversely, HPV vaccination holds promise in reducing HNC incidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E Lin, Hans Garmo, Kerri Beckmann, Ola Bratt, Olof Akre, Pär Stattin, Rolf Gedeborg
{"title":"Prostate cancer characteristics in fathers and risk of early onset high-risk prostate cancer in sons.","authors":"E Lin, Hans Garmo, Kerri Beckmann, Ola Bratt, Olof Akre, Pär Stattin, Rolf Gedeborg","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A family history of prostate cancer in first-degree relatives is an established risk factor for prostate cancer, but the specific associations between prostate cancer characteristics in fathers and the risk of high-risk prostate cancer in their sons remain unclear. We identified men in Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden whose fathers had been diagnosed with prostate cancer in 1998-2005. We compared the observed number of prostate cancer diagnoses in these men with the expected number in the Swedish male population, estimating standardized incidence ratios (SIR). The median age of the 25,287 included sons of men with prostate cancer was 52 years (interquartile range 47-57 years) at end of follow-up. Their overall risk of a prostate cancer diagnosis was higher if the father had been diagnosed at less than 65 years old (SIR, 4.3, 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.8-5.0), compared with having a father diagnosed when 70 years old or older (SIR, 2.3; 95% CI 1.9-2.8). Sons of fathers diagnosed at less than 65 had a higher risk of Gleason score ≥8 cancers (SIR, 2.3; 95% CI 1.1-4.1) than sons of fathers diagnosed at 70 years old or older (SIR, 1.2; 95% CI 0.4-2.6). Having a father with a Gleason ≥8 cancer was associated with an increased risk for a Gleason ≥8 cancer (SIR, 2.6; 95% CI 1.1-5.1). These population-based results suggest that the father's prostate cancer characteristics should be considered when counseling men on prostate-specific antigen testing and diagnostic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kelly Melisa Castañeda, Karin Marianne Vermeulen, Maaike van der Aa, Ed Schuuring, G Bea A Wisman, Geertruida Hendrika de Bock
{"title":"Trends in cervical cancer incidence in the Netherlands: A join-point and age-period-cohort analysis (1989-2023).","authors":"Kelly Melisa Castañeda, Karin Marianne Vermeulen, Maaike van der Aa, Ed Schuuring, G Bea A Wisman, Geertruida Hendrika de Bock","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cervical cancer remains a significant public health issue, ranking as the fourth most common cancer in women globally. In the Netherlands, cervical cancer incidence declined steadily from 1989 to 2001 but increased between 2001 and 2007. This study updates trends in cervical cancer incidence from 1989 to 2023 in the Netherlands and evaluates the impact of screening practices and participation rates in the national population-based screening program. This ecological study uses group-level data from the Netherlands Cancer Registry (1989-2023) to analyze trends across three temporal dimensions-age, period, and cohort-using age-period-cohort analysis and join-point regression to identify significant changes in trends over time. Cervical cancer incidence declined steadily from 1989 to 2003 but increased from 2003 to 2023, particularly among younger birth cohorts (1976-1995). This increase aligns with the decline in screening participation, which dropped from over 77% before 2003 to below 60% in subsequent years, as well as the introduction of primary high-risk human papillomavirus testing in 2017, which has higher sensitivity than cytology, leading to more cases being detected and, consequently, an increase in incidence. Trends in cervical cancer incidence in the Netherlands indicate a positive impact of the screening program, with a steady decline over the years. However, efforts should focus on increasing participation in both screening and vaccination, as this is crucial for achieving the goal of reducing incidence to below 4 per 100,000 women, in line with the global strategy to eliminate cervical cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renee A Lunenberg, Ingrid A Franken, Frederieke H van der Baan, Femke P C Sijtsma, Geraldine R Vink, Manon N G J A Braat, Leon M G Moons, Miangela M Lacle, Marloes A G Elferink, Susan Boklage, Martijn P W Intven, Jamie Garside, Miriam Koopman, Rob van Wuijtswinkel, Jeanine M L Roodhart
{"title":"A comparison by mismatch repair status of real-world characteristics and outcomes in patients with stage II/III rectal cancer in the Netherlands.","authors":"Renee A Lunenberg, Ingrid A Franken, Frederieke H van der Baan, Femke P C Sijtsma, Geraldine R Vink, Manon N G J A Braat, Leon M G Moons, Miangela M Lacle, Marloes A G Elferink, Susan Boklage, Martijn P W Intven, Jamie Garside, Miriam Koopman, Rob van Wuijtswinkel, Jeanine M L Roodhart","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A subset of rectal cancer (RC), <5%, exhibits mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR); the remaining are classified as proficient (pMMR). Reported evidence on differences between dMMR and pMMR RC is limited. In this nationwide Dutch study, we compared patients with dMMR and pMMR stage II/III RC based on patient and tumor characteristics, treatment patterns, and associated outcomes. Patients diagnosed between 2015 and 2022 with known mismatch repair status were selected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Demographic, tumor, and treatment characteristics were compared in the total cohort. Subsequently, dMMR patients were matched 1:2 to pMMR patients on age, year of diagnosis, clinical tumor stage, and node stage. Overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazard models. Among 7937 eligible patients, 182 (2.3%) had dMMR RC. These patients were younger and had more poorly differentiated tumors, more variation in histology, more advanced clinical stages, and more B-RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase mutations. In the total cohort, OS was better for dMMR compared with pMMR (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.62 [95% confidence interval [CI] 0.43-0.91]). In the matched cohort, dMMR continued to exhibit improved OS (HR = 0.54 [95% CI 0.33-0.88]), and demonstrated improved EFS (HR = 0.43 [95% CI 0.29-0.63]) after adjustment for potential confounders. dMMR RC is a rare entity associated with younger age and more advanced stages. Although patients with dMMR RC had significantly improved OS and EFS compared with patients with pMMR RC, immunotherapy may further enhance outcomes. This real-world study provides a basis for future investigations aimed at optimizing therapeutic strategies for patients with dMMR RC.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cydney D Dennis, D Joshua Cohen, Kusal Debnath, Nofrat Schwartz, Brock P Lodato, Jonathan T Dillon, Tillat Batool, Matthew S Halquist, Preetam Ghosh, Zvi Schwartz, Barbara D Boyan
{"title":"24R,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> regulates tumorigenesis in estrogen sensitive laryngeal cancer cells via membrane-associated receptor complexes in ER+ and ER- cells.","authors":"Cydney D Dennis, D Joshua Cohen, Kusal Debnath, Nofrat Schwartz, Brock P Lodato, Jonathan T Dillon, Tillat Batool, Matthew S Halquist, Preetam Ghosh, Zvi Schwartz, Barbara D Boyan","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the effects of 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> (24R,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>) in estrogen-responsive laryngeal cancer tumorigenesis in vivo, the mechanisms involved, and whether the ability of the tumor cells to produce 24R,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> locally is estrogen-dependent. Estrogen receptor alpha-66 positive (ER+) UM-SCC-12 cells and ER- UM-SCC-11A cells responded differently to 24R,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> in vivo; 24R,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> enhanced tumorigenesis in ER+ tumors but inhibited tumorigenesis in ER- tumors. Treatment with 17β-estradiol (E<sub>2</sub>) for 24 h reduced levels of CYP24A1 protein but increased 24R,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> production in ER+ cells; treatment with E<sub>2</sub> for 9 min reduced CYP24A1 at 24 h and reduced 24R,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> production in ER- cells. These findings suggest the involvement of E<sub>2</sub> receptor(s) in addition to ERα66. To investigate if 24R,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> can act locally, ER+ and ER- cells were treated with 24R,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> after inhibiting putative 24R,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> receptors, and the cells were assessed for effects on DNA synthesis (proliferation) and p53 production (apoptosis). Specific inhibitors were used to assess downstream secondary messenger signaling pathways and requirements for palmitoylation and caveolae in both cell lines. The results show that 24R,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> binds to a complex of receptors, including TLCD3B2, VDR, and protein disulfide-isomerase A3 (PDIA3) in ER+ UM-SCC-12 cells. The mechanism requires palmitoylation, and PLD, PI3K, and LPAR are involved. The anti-tumorigenic effects of 24R,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> in ER- UM-SCC-11A cells involve a membrane-receptor complex consisting of VDR, PDIA3, and ROR2 within caveolae to activate a yet-to-be-elucidated downstream signaling cascade. This work demonstrates a driving mechanism for the therapeutic agent 24R,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> that may be used for laryngeal cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
João Matos, Tristan Struja, Naira Link Woite, David Restrepo, Andre Kurepa Waschka, Leo A Celi, Christopher M Sauer
{"title":"A causal inference framework to compare the effectiveness of life-sustaining ICU therapies-using the example of cancer patients with sepsis.","authors":"João Matos, Tristan Struja, Naira Link Woite, David Restrepo, Andre Kurepa Waschka, Leo A Celi, Christopher M Sauer","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rise in cancer patients could lead to an increase in intensive care units (ICUs) admissions. We explored differences in treatment practices and outcomes of invasive therapies between patients with sepsis with and without cancer. Adults from 2008 to 2019 admitted to the ICU for sepsis were extracted from the databases MIMIC-IV and eICU-CRD. Using Extreme Gradient Boosting, we estimated the odds for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) or vasopressors. Targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) models estimated treatment effects of IMV and vasopressors on in-hospital mortality and 28 hospital-free days. 58,988 adult septic patients were included, of which 6145 had cancer. In-hospital mortality was higher for cancer patients (30.3% vs. 16.1%). Patients with cancer had lower odds of receiving IMV (aOR [95%CI], 0.94 [0.90-0.97]); pronounced for hematologic patients (aOR 0.89 [0.84-0.93]). Odds for vasopressors were also lower for hematologic patients (aOR 0.89 [0.84-0.94]). TMLE models found IMV to be overall associated with higher in-hospital mortality for solid and hematological patients (ATE 3% [1%-5%], 6% [3%-9%], respectively), while vasopressors were associated with higher in-hospital mortality for patients with solid and metastatic cancer (ATE 6% [4%-8%], 3% [1%-6%], respectively). We utilized US-wide ICU data to estimate a relationship between mortality and the use of common therapies. With the exception of hematologic patients being less likely to receive IMV, we did not find differential treatment patterns. We did not demonstrate an average survival benefit for therapies, underscoring the need for a more granular analysis to identify subgroups who benefit from these interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}