Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory最新文献

{"title":"Energy conservation: policy issues and end-use scenarios of savings potential. Part V. Energy efficient buildings: the causes of litigation against energy conservation building codes","authors":"P. Benenson, R. Codina, B. Cornwall","doi":"10.2172/6514409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2172/6514409","url":null,"abstract":"LBL 7896 c. d-., 5 of 6 UC-13 ENER C SER Tl N: P ll ISS ES N EN SE S EN RIOS OF SA I GS P TENTI L . -:~. :;;f _:·_,~·~_j. <r~ .. '.. '·~·.-.:·.:-A:c::'i:Y PART 5 ENERGY EfFICIENT BUILDINGS: THE CAUSES Of LITIGATION AGAINST ENERGY CONSERVATION BUILDING CODES I TWO-WEEK LOAN COPY I i This is a Library Circulating Copy I which may be borr()wed for two weeks. I I For a personal retention copy, call i Tech. Info. Dioision, Ext. 6782 I - ;:,ep-remoer o tp c--. ~SJ Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory University of California, Berkeley (/?I Prepared for U.S. Department of Energy under Contract W-7405-ENG-48 Gl.","PeriodicalId":17982,"journal":{"name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87192665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DIFFUSION OF A CHEMICAL SPECIES THROUGH A VISCOUS BOUNDARY LAYER","authors":"J. Keller","doi":"10.2172/5955864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2172/5955864","url":null,"abstract":"u ,. -,-,J_' ., !( -~ c:; I c '- . LBL-8069 UC-90c c ' I Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY, CA Materials & Molecular Research Division DIFFUSION OF A CHEMICAL SPECIES THROUGH A VISCOUS BOUNDARY LAYER Jay Keller J~i C f~~ IT .f lE D L/~'Aft~;~~~(.:~ B:f!ii~1~rZU~'u L'-f~O~UTORY For Reference August 1978 LHJH/RY lU'_D DOCUMENTS Br-i.:C.l'J.ON Not to be taken from this room Prepared for the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract W-7405-ENG-48","PeriodicalId":17982,"journal":{"name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90638864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"China's Energy and Carbon Emissions Outlook to 2050","authors":"N. Zhou, D. Fridley, Michael Mcneil, Nina Zheng, Jing Ke, M. Levine","doi":"10.2172/1013068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1013068","url":null,"abstract":"E RNEST O RLANDO L AWRENCE B ERKELEY N ATIONAL L ABORATORY China’s Energy and Carbon Emissions Outlook to 2050 Nan Zhou, David Fridley, Michael McNeil, Nina Zheng, Jing Ke, and Mark Levine China Energy Group Energy Analysis Department Environmental Energy Technologies Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory February 2011 This work was supported by the China Sustainable Energy Program of the Energy Foundation through the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.","PeriodicalId":17982,"journal":{"name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82414759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure and Electronic Properties of Cerium Orthophosphate: Theory and Experiment","authors":"N. Adelstein","doi":"10.1103/PHYSREVB.83.205104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVB.83.205104","url":null,"abstract":"Structure and Electronic Properties of Cerium Orthophosphate: Theory and Experiment Nicole Adelstein 1,3 , B. Simon Mun 4 , Hannah L. Ray 1,3 , Phillip N. Ross Jr. 1 , Jeffrey B. Neaton, 2 and Lutgard C. De Jonghe 1,3 1 Materials Sciences Division 2 Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley CA 94720, USA University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley CA 94720, USA 4 Department of Applied Physics Hanyang University, ERICA, Gyeonggi 426‐791 Republic of Korea Abstract Structural and electronic properties of cerium orthophosphate (CePO 4 ) are calculated using density functional theory (DFT) with the local spin‐density approximation (LSDA+U), with and without gradient corrections (GGA‐(PBE)+U), and compared to X‐ray diffraction and photoemission spectroscopy measurements. The density of states is found to change significantly as the Hubbard parameter U, which is applied to the Ce 4f states, is varied from 0 to 5 eV. The calculated structural properties are in good agreement with experiment and do not change significantly with U. Choosing U = 3 eV for LDSA provides the best agreement between the calculated density of states and the experimental photoemission spectra. I. Introduction New materials with high proton conductivities in the temperature range 300‐ 500°C can be of benefit as solid electrolytes in a variety of electrochemical devices such as hydrogen sensors, hydrogen separation membranes, and fuel cells. Incorporation of such a material into a fuel cell would, for example, facilitate the in­ situ reforming of liquid biofuels and reduce the need for noble catalysts. Rare‐earth phosphates have been investigated for this purpose because of their stability at high 3 Department of Materials Science and Engineering","PeriodicalId":17982,"journal":{"name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84592107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LASER PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTION DYNAMICS IN FORMALDEHYDE","authors":"M. B. Zughul","doi":"10.2172/6548697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2172/6548697","url":null,"abstract":"TWO-WEEK LOAN COPY his is a library Circulating Copy which may be borrowed for two weeks. For a personal retention copy, call Tech. Info. Diu is ion, Ext. 6782","PeriodicalId":17982,"journal":{"name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83335863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the high-temperature, solid-state, electromotive force technique to study the thermodynamics of Lewis-acid-base transition metal alloys","authors":"G. Bullard","doi":"10.2172/6638546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2172/6638546","url":null,"abstract":"LBL-7691 DEVELOPMENT OF THE HIGH;..TEMPERATURE, SOLID-STATE, ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE TECHNIQUE TO STUDY THE THERMODYNAMICSOF LEWIS-ACID-BASE TRANSITION METAL ALLOYS Gary Lloyd Bullard (Ph. o. thesis) May 1978 Prepared for the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract W-7405-ENG-48 TWO-WEEK LOAN COPY This is a Library Circulating Copy which may be borrowed for two weeks. For a personal retention copy, call Tech. Info. Division, Ext. 6782","PeriodicalId":17982,"journal":{"name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86594229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHARACTERIZING COSTS, SAVINGS AND BENEFITS OF A SELECTION OF ENERGY EFFICIENT EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES IN THE UNITED STATES","authors":"Tengfang T. Xu, J. Slaa, J. Sathaye","doi":"10.2172/1012375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1012375","url":null,"abstract":"Implementation and adoption of efficient end-use technologies have proven to be one of the key measures for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions throughout the industries. In many cases, implementing energy efficiency measures is among one of the most cost effective investments that the industry could make in improving efficiency and productivity while reducing CO2 emissions. Over the years, there have been incentives to use resources and energy in a cleaner and more efficient way to create industries that are sustainable and more productive. With the working of energy programs and policies on GHG inventory and regulation, understanding and managing the costs associated with mitigation measures for GHG reductions is very important for the industry and policy makers around the world. Successful implementation of emerging technologies not only can help advance productivities and competitiveness but also can play a significant role in mitigation efforts by saving energy. Providing evaluation and estimation of the costs and energy savings potential of emerging technologies is the focus of our work in this project. The overall goal of the project is to identify and select emerging and under-utilized energy-efficient technologies and practices as they are important to reduce energy consumption in industry while maintaining economic growth. This report contains the results from performing Task 2 Technology evaluation for the project titled Research Opportunities in Emerging and Under-Utilized Energy-Efficient Industrial Technologies, which was sponsored by California Energy Commission and managed by CIEE. The project purpose is to analyze market status, market potential, and economic viability of selected technologies applicable to the U.S. In this report, LBNL first performed re-assessments of all of the 33 emerging energy-efficient industrial technologies, including re-evaluation of the 26 technologies that were previously identified by Martin et al. (2000) and their potential significance to energy use in the industries, and new evaluation of additional seven technologies. The re-assessments were essentially updated with recent information that we searched and collected from literature to the extent possible. The progress of selected technologies as they diffused into the marketplace from 2000 to 2010 was then discussed in this report. The report also includes updated detailed characterizations of 15 technologies studied in 2000, with comparisons noted.","PeriodicalId":17982,"journal":{"name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89460678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing Information on Energy Savings and Associated Costs and Benefits of Energy Efficient Emerging Technologies Applicable in California","authors":"Tengfang T. Xu, J. Slaa, J. Sathaye","doi":"10.2172/1012376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1012376","url":null,"abstract":"Implementation and adoption of efficient end-use technologies have proven to be one of the key measures for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions throughout the industries. In many cases, implementing energy efficiency measures is among one of the most cost effective investments that the industry could make in improving efficiency and productivity while reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Over the years, there have been incentives to use resources and energy in a cleaner and more efficient way to create industries that are sustainable and more productive. With the working of energy programs and policies on GHG inventory and regulation, understanding and managing the costs associated with mitigation measures for GHG reductions is very important for the industry and policy makers around the world and in California. Successful implementation of applicable emerging technologies not only may help advance productivities, improve environmental impacts, or enhance industrial competitiveness, but also can play a significant role in climate-mitigation efforts by saving energy and reducing the associated GHG emissions. Developing new information on costs and savings benefits of energy efficient emerging technologies applicable in California market is important for policy makers as well as the industries. Therefore, provision of timely evaluation and estimation of the costs and energy savings potential of emerging technologies applicable to California is the focus of this report. The overall goal of the project is to identify and select a set of emerging and under-utilized energy-efficient technologies and practices as they are important to reduce energy consumption in industry while maintaining economic growth. Specifically, this report contains the results from performing Task 3 Technology Characterization for California Industries for the project titled Research Opportunities in Emerging and Under-Utilized Energy-Efficient Industrial Technologies, sponsored by California Energy Commission (CEC) and managed by California Institute for Energy and Environment (CIEE). The project purpose is to characterize energy savings, technology costs, market potential, and economic viability of newly selected technologies applicable to California. In this report, LBNL first performed technology reviews to identify new or under-utilized technologies that could offer potential in improving energy efficiency and additional benefits to California industries as well as in the U.S. industries, followed by detailed technology assessment on each targeted technology, with a focus on California applications. A total of eleven emerging or underutilized technologies applicable to California were selected and characterized with detailed information in this report. The outcomes essentially include a multi-page summary profile for each of the 11 emerging or underutilized technologies applicable to California industries, based on the formats used in the technology characterizatio","PeriodicalId":17982,"journal":{"name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74674535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulating a Nationally Representative Housing Sample Using EnergyPlus","authors":"Asa Hopkins, A. Lekov, J. Lutz, G. Rosenquist, L. Gu","doi":"10.2172/1012239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1012239","url":null,"abstract":"LBNL # Simulating a Nationally Representative Housing Sample Using EnergyPlus Asa S. Hopkins, Alex Lekov, James Lutz, and Gregory Rosenquist Energy Analysis Department Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, CA 94720 Lixing Gu Florida Solar Energy Center March 2011 This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Building Technology, State, and Community Programs, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE- AC02-05CH11231.","PeriodicalId":17982,"journal":{"name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84066164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal alignment of mirror based pentaprisms for scanning deflectometric devices","authors":"S. Barber","doi":"10.1117/1.3598325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.3598325","url":null,"abstract":"In the recent work [Proc. of SPIE 7801, 7801-2/1-12 (2010), Opt. Eng. 50(5) (2011), in press], we have reported on improvement of the Developmental Long Trace Profiler (DLTP), a slope measuring profiler available at the Advanced Light Source Optical Metrology Laboratory, achieved by replacing the bulk pentaprism with a mirror based pentaprism (MBPP). An original experimental procedure for optimal mutual alignment of the MBPP mirrors has been suggested and verified with numerical ray tracing simulations. It has been experimentally shown that the optimally aligned MBPP allows the elimination of systematic errors introduced by inhomogeneity of the optical material and fabrication imperfections of the bulk pentaprism. In the present article, we provide the analytical derivation and verification of easily executed optimal alignment algorithms for two different designs of mirror based pentaprisms. We also provide an analytical description for the mechanism for reduction of the systematic errors introduced by a typical high quality bulk pentaprism. It is also shown that residual misalignments of an MBPP introduce entirely negligible systematic errors in surface slope measurements with scanning deflectometric devices.","PeriodicalId":17982,"journal":{"name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76061406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}