Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development最新文献

{"title":"‘Enabling Access’: A Pilot Study on Access and Use of Assistive Products\u0000 in the Northern Province, Sri Lanka","authors":"S. Hettiarachchi, V. Subramaniam, Emil Rajah, Paramaguru Gowritharan, Shamra Nizar, S. Saleem","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V30I3.842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V30I3.842","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The need for suitable assistive technology is growing all over the world, not only for people with disabilities but also for the ageing population with functional decline and non-communicable diseases. Access to assistive technology promotes access to education, employment and active societal participation. The aim of this study was to assess the self-reported need by persons with disabilities and by people who were 65 years and older without disabilities in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka, for assistive products; and to identify barriers to accessing these assistive products. Method: This mixed-methods pilot study included 76 participants who were either persons with disabilities or their caregiver or persons 65 years and older, from the Northern Province of Sri Lanka, affected by the now-ended 30-year civil war.  To ascertain trends in the local need for assistive products, a translated version of the World Health Organisation’s Priority Assistive Products List of 50 items was used. In addition, semi-structured interviews with key participants were conducted, to gain some insights into the barriers to accessing assistive products.  Results: The most widely used assistive products among persons with disabilities were connected to war-related injuries. In contrast, those used by the older age group of persons without disabilities were connected to non-communicable diseases and age-related frailty. The assistive products requested by both groups were aids to promote independence in daily activities and to support access to education and employment. The emergent themes included affordability, employment, independence in activities of daily living, stigma and psychological impact, and a lack of awareness and guidance in the use of assistive devices. Conclusion: The findings highlight the need for policies and practices to be informed by local socio-cultural, historical and geographical realities.","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127327729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Happiness and Resilience among Young Physically Disadvantaged Employees\u0000 in India: A Pilot Study","authors":"N. Sinha, S. Rajan","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V30I3.829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V30I3.829","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose : The study aimed to examine and compare the happiness and resilience of disadvantaged employees and non-disadvantaged employees. Method : The study sample included 37 young employees, between 20 and 30 years of age. Among them, 17 were with physical disadvantages of one type or the other, and 20 had no physical disadvantages. Results : Mann-Whitney U test showed that there is no difference in resilience and happiness between disadvantaged and non-disadvantaged employees. Among the non-disadvantaged employees, there is a relationship between happiness and resilience. However, among the disadvantaged employees, this relationship is not there. Conclusions: Disadvantaged employees in the present sample do not differ from the non-disadvantaged in their happiness and resilience. However, it cannot be assumed that happiness is a contributing factor to the resilience of the disadvantaged employees. Also, it is not possible to generalise the results of the study due to the small sample size.","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"39 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130620964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health-Related Quality of Life of Wheelchair Fencers, Sedentary People\u0000 with Disability and Conventional Fencers in Brazil, Assessed by Short Form\u0000 36 (SF-36)","authors":"Mirna Clemente, M. Miguel, K. Felipe, Ivan Marangon Schwantes, Darlan França Ciesielki Junior, Athos Marangon Schwantes, C. B. Schonhofen, Tabea Epp Kuster Alves, T. V. Braz, L. Fernandes, O. Miguel","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V30I3.865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V30I3.865","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: It is well established that physical exercise, in general, decreases anxiety and depression. Para sport or sport for people with disabilities is used as a rehabilitation strategy to improve their quality of life. This study aimed to investigate people with disabilities who practise wheelchair fencing, sedentary people with physical disability and conventional fencers, assessed by Short Form 36 (SF-36), by comparing the groups. Method: Forty-two people from Physical Disability Association of Parana (ADFP) answered SF-36 and were divided into three groups: Conventional Fencers (CF), Wheelchair Fencers (WF), and Sedentary People with Physical Disability (SD). Results: This study was the first to report the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) of conventional fencers, wheelchair fencers, and sedentary people with physical disability, using SF-36. The data demonstrated high scores in CF and WF, on seven SF-36 scales of the eight-scale profile, including functional and mental health, role physical, bodily pain, general health perception, vitality, social functioning, mental health. Moreover, the sedentary group had lower scores in most of the domains when they were compared to CF. Conclusion: The results might provide supportive evidence that HRQOL of WF has demonstrated a positive effect on people with disability since para sport has been used as a rehabilitation programme. Implication : The implementation of a public campaign is recommended, about sport as a health promoter for disability and rehabilitation. By involving healthcare providers from the area, people with disabilities can be encouraged to participate in para sport.","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131931091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Caregivers of Children with Intellectual Disabilities and Support Systems Available to them in Ghana","authors":"A. Enoch, W. Mprah, I. Owusu, J. Bediako","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V28I4.645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V28I4.645","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This paper explores the role of parents, teachers and house mothers, and the support services available in promoting effective education for children with intellectual disabilities in Ghana. Methods: Qualitative research approach and exploratory design were adopted. Simple random sampling technique was used to select parents, while purposive sampling technique was used to select the teachers and house mothers. Data was collected at interviews, using an interview guide and making audio recordings and notes. Data transcription from the notes was compared with the audio recordings to ensure consistency. The main themes that were developed and coded using data-led approach have been presented as the major findings. Results: The study revealed that most parents refuse to visit their children with intellectual disability in school. They also shirk their responsibility in providing training materials. It was found that training programmes are not organised for house mothers, teachers and parents of pupils with intellectual disability. Also, no incentives are given to teachers and house mothers of these pupils. Conclusion: The study provides insight into the specific roles of parents, teachers and house mothers, and the appropriate support services available for these caregivers. There is a need to highlight these issues for policy making.","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116802241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exclusion through Attempted Inclusion: Research Experiences with Disabled Persons’ Organisations (DPOs) in Western Zambia","authors":"S. Cleaver, Lilian Magalhaes, V. Bond, S. Nixon","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V28I4.670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V28I4.670","url":null,"abstract":"Partnership with disabled persons’ organisations (DPOs) is often presented as one mechanism to ensure the inclusion of persons with disabilities in research that concerns them. In working with two DPOs in Western Zambia, we learned that one of these groups was organised in a way that differed from our own presumptions and the descriptions of DPOs in literature: the group was fluid in membership and willing to re-formulate itself according to the priorities of visitors. From this we understand that limiting research partnerships to DPOs, as typically described, could lead to the inadvertent exclusion of people involved in many different forms of organising by persons with disabilities.","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115836617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Family and Disability in Ghana: Highlighting Gaps in Achieving Social Inclusion","authors":"M. Opoku, B. A. Alupo, Naomi Gyamfi, L. Odame, W. Mprah, Eric Lawer Torgbenu, Eric Badu","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V28I4.666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V28I4.666","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: There are social and environmental barriers faced by persons with disabilities which have been reported in literature. In discussing these barriers, attention is yet to be given to the support from families to members with disabilities. This study aimed to examine family support and its impact on the lives of persons with disabilities in Ghana. Methods: The study participants were 48 persons with disabilities - physical, hearing and visual disabilities - who were members of Disabled Peoples’ Organisations. They were conveniently drawn from 4 districts in the Northern region of Ghana. Results: The study found that the families of the participants did not give them adequate support to access services that would improve their lives. For instance, limited access to education resulted in inability of participants to secure  jobs. Conclusion: Without the primary support of the family, persons with disabilities might be unable to break down social barriers due to their inability to access education and other developmentally useful services. The implication of the study for policy-making has been discussed extensively.","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134542732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Access to Education and Rehabilitative Resources for Children with Developmental Disabilities in Botswana","authors":"K. Batsalelwang","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V28I4.655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V28I4.655","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122943680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participation Restriction due to Arm and Leg Motor Impairment after Stroke Rehabilitation in the Tamale Metropolitan Area, Ghana","authors":"Frank Twum, J. Dogbe, A. Edusei, J. Ampratwum","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V28I4.609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V28I4.609","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study was conducted to examine the relationship between arm and leg motor impairment in stroke survivors and participation restriction, post rehabilitation, within the Tamale metropolis. Method: The participants were 102 stroke survivors from the Tamale metropolitan area, who had undergone at least 3 months of rehabilitation. Upper limb motor assessment was followed by lower limb motor assessment based on the Manual Muscle Test. Levels of participation restriction were measured using the London Handicap Scale. Correlation analysis of motor impairment and participation restriction were done using Spearman rank correlation analysis. Results: The mean age of post-stroke participants was 62.08 years (95% CI= 59.77-64.39), with men comprising 67.65% and 32.35% women. The Spearman rank correlation co-efficient between arm motor impairment and participation was 0.8343, depicting a strong positive relationship between the aforementioned variables. The correlation between leg motor impairment and participation yielded 0.8013. Conversely, leg motor impairment was found to have a stronger relationship with participation restriction in comparison to arm motor impairment. Conclusion and Implications: The strong relationship between limb motor impairment and participation restriction suggests that clinicians and disability experts involved in rehabilitation should take cognisance of the social implication of motor impairment in order to make informed decisions. Further to this, arm and leg assistive devices could be useful in reducing the levels of participation restriction among persons with stroke within the Tamale metropolis. Limitations: A major limitation is that motor impairment was assessed solely on the ability to perform voluntary movement (muscle power). Sensory disturbances and motor coordination difficulties also have the potential to influence participation restriction, so the exclusion of stroke survivors who are unable to communicate implies that external validity of the research is limited.","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132616009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to Healthcare Services for People with Disabilities in Developing Countries: A Literature Review","authors":"J. Baart, Florence Taaka","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V28I4.656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V28I4.656","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This literature review aimed to identify the main barriers in access to mainstream healthcare services for people with disabilities. Method: Online databases were searched for relevant articles published after 2006.  Preference was given to articles pertaining to developing countries. On the basis of pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 articles were selected for the review. Barriers noted in the articles were grouped thematically. Results: There appeared to be 7 main barriers - 4 related to the demand side i.e., pertaining to the individual seeking healthcare services, and 3 barriers on the supply side i.e., pertaining to healthcare provision. These are: 1) Lack of information; 2) Additional costs of healthcare; 3) Limited mobility; and, on the demand side, 4) Stigmatisation; while on the supply side, 5) Staff attitude; 6) Communication barriers; and, 7) Inaccessible facilities. Conclusion: To ensure that people with disabilities can successfully access the necessary health services, the barriers on the demand side (the individuals requiring healthcare) as well as the barriers that are part of the healthcare system, should be attended to.","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114288294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Trampoline Exercise on Attentional Control and Daytime Sleepiness among Young Adults with Anxiety Disorders in Malaysia","authors":"N. Kutty, M. Jabbar, Yip Soon Ving","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V28I4.680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V28I4.680","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Anxiety disorder has been linked to deficient attentional control and sleep problems in young adults. This study aimed to investigate the possible effects of trampoline exercise on attentional control and daytime sleepiness among young adults with anxiety disorders. Method: This single-blinded randomised controlled trial involved 40 young adults with anxiety disorders. All the participants were initially screened for eligibility using Beck Anxiety Inventory and Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire, and randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n=20) or a control group (n=20). While the experimental group was subjected to trampoline exercise for 4 weeks, all the participants in both the groups were taught deep breathing exercise. Attentional control and daytime sleepiness of the participants were evaluated using Attentional Control Scale and Epworth Sleepiness Scale respectively. Results: The experimental group showed statistically significant improvement in Attentional Control Scale (p=0.009) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (p=0.005) compared to the control group. Conclusion: Trampoline training resulted in reduction in daytime sleepiness and improvement in attentional control after 4 weeks of trial. This highlights the potential of trampoline exercise training as an adjunct to established clinical treatment.","PeriodicalId":179630,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development","volume":"1991 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131354112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}