Legume Science最新文献

{"title":"Strategies for Mitigating Anti-Nutritional Factors in Legumes: A Review of Traditional and Innovative Processing Techniques for Enhanced Bioavailability","authors":"Diana Kavaya,&nbsp;Muhammad Siddiq,&nbsp;Leonard M. P. Rweyemamu,&nbsp;Lilian Daniel Kaale","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70152","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Legumes (family Fabaceae) are vital, nutrient-dense global resources rich in proteins, complex carbohydrates and micronutrients. Although offering agronomic benefits like nitrogen fixation, their dietary utilization is often constrained by anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) such as phytates, tannins, lectins and oligosaccharides, which reduce bioavailability and cause gastrointestinal discomfort. This review examines the dual nature of ANFs, highlighting their ecological roles and medicinal benefits alongside their inhibitory nutritional effects. It evaluates traditional processing methods like soaking, boiling and spontaneous fermentation against modern techniques including controlled fermentation, extrusion cooking and chemical modification. Through specific case studies, the review explores how soaking and boiling common beans (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>) influence nutritional properties and consumer acceptability. It discusses how bacterial and fungal fermentation, alongside extrusion, enhance the sensory, nutritional and structural qualities of soybeans (<i>Glycine max</i>) for industrial product development. Additionally, sprouting in cowpeas (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i>) is highlighted as an effective strategy for preserving heat-sensitive nutrients. The review demonstrates how independent variables like hydration, heat and chemical agents (e.g., sodium bicarbonate) affect the composition, concentration and bioavailability of nutrients and ANFs. Although heat-based treatments impact water-soluble and heat-labile compounds, nonheat treatments like hydropriming enhance enzyme activity and mobilize nutrient reserves. Each method presents unique trade-offs regarding nutrient retention, structural quality and sensory attributes. Ultimately, this study emphasizes the necessity of optimizing processing techniques to mitigate ANFs while maintaining overall nutritional value, thereby supporting the global shift toward sustainable, plant-based diets.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70152","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing Short-Term Genetic Gain and Long-Term Diversity: Haplotype-Based Breeding Strategies for Yield Improvement in Chickpea","authors":"Bhargava Kotte,&nbsp;Rutwik Barmukh,&nbsp;Will Shaffer,&nbsp;Oluwaseun J. Akinlade,&nbsp;Ajaya Karkee,&nbsp;Michael Udvardi,&nbsp;Lee Hickey,&nbsp;Rajeev K. Varshney","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70155","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i> L.) is one of the most important grain legumes and provides a major source of protein, vitamins and minerals worldwide. Despite decades of traditional breeding delivering significant genetic gains in disease resistance and adaptation, seed yield improvement has advanced only incrementally, constrained by the highly polygenic nature of the trait, pronounced genotype-by-environment interactions and insufficient utilisation of existing genetic diversity. This review elucidates the genetic architecture of seed yield in chickpea by integrating comprehensive QTL/association mapping across diverse populations and environments. Haplotype-based breeding emerges as a promising strategy, leveraging linkage disequilibrium (LD) defined blocks to capture multiallelic QTL variation and beneficial alleles associated with target traits of interest. Crucially, layering multitrait information onto these haploblocks enables breeders to classify traits according to their concurrent effects on yield across the target environment, prioritising those that are yield-enhancing and avoiding those that are yield-reducing. We outline the operational framework: haplotype genomic selection using local genomic estimated breeding values (local GEBVs) to prioritise chromosome segments over whole-genome truncation selection; and artificial intelligence (AI)–driven parent selection to identify complementary parental combinations from diverse populations to make progress towards an ‘ultimate genotype’ that will stack superior haplotypes for targeted traits. By integrating multitrait correlations, haplotype-resolved QTL maps and computational optimisation, this strategy targets potential yield ideotypes while preserving adaptive diversity and minimising linkage drag, promising to break the current yield plateau and accelerate genetic gain in seed yield beyond the historical rate of up to 0.6% per year. The framework provides a blueprint for haplotype-based breeding approaches across crops confronting polygenic yield barriers under climate-constrained production.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70155","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed Cropping of Narrow-Leaved Lupin With Oat Improves Grain-Yield Stability Across Five European Locations","authors":"Yannik Schlup,&nbsp;Vesna Župunski,&nbsp;Radivoje Jevtić,&nbsp;Selma Schurack,&nbsp;Matthias Heinrich Herrmann,&nbsp;Andrea Gallehr,&nbsp;Kathrin Neubeck,&nbsp;Annette Haak,&nbsp;Lukas Graz,&nbsp;Johan Six,&nbsp;Susanne Vogelgsang","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70157","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pulse x cereal mixtures are promoted to stabilise yield and reduce fertiliser dependence, yet robust multienvironment evidence for narrow-leaved lupin (NLL, <i>Lupinus angustifolius</i>) × oat (<i>Avena sativa</i>) mixed cropping remains scarce. We tested whether NLL × oat mixtures maintain productivity while enhancing grain-yield stability. A randomised complete block design (four blocks) evaluated three NLL and three oat varieties grown in pure stands and as all nine pairwise mixtures with a replacement design (NLL 90%, oat 10% of pure-stand density). The experiments ran for 13 environment-years across five European locations. Productivity was summarised with land equivalent ratio (LER) and crop performance ratio (CPR). Yield stability was assessed using (i) the coefficient of variation (CV), (ii) Finlay–Wilkinson regression slope b₁ and Eberhart–Russell deviation variance (S²_di), and (iii) additive main effects and multiplicative interaction-derived weighted average of absolute scores (AMMI-WAAS). Mixed-effects models were used to assess mixed cropping effects. Across environments, LER did not differ from unity (LER = 1) whether fertilised or unfertilised oat monocultures were the reference. By contrast, total CPR and oat-specific CPR consistently exceeded 1 (mean CPR = 5.3; CPR_N = 4.6), indicating system-level gains driven by the oat component without penalising NLL. While CVs did not separate treatments, many mixtures and pure stands were environmentally responsive, but the most stable mixtures combined near-average responsiveness with very low variation and sensitivity to the environmental conditions (Bison × Probor and Troll × Jowisz). Lastly, fertilised oat monocultures were more stable than unfertilised counterparts. Stability gains arose from reduced environmental sensitivity of the mixture rather than the individual variety, underscoring the need to evaluate mixtures directly rather than inferring stability from monocultures. Our results support deploying pulse-centric cereal × legume mixtures as a pragmatic option to buffer climate variability while sustaining protein-rich production.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70157","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foliar Biofortification of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) With Iron, Zinc, and Selenium: Multi-Environment Evaluation in Bangladesh","authors":"A. K. M. M. Rahman,&nbsp;Aniruddha Sarker,&nbsp;Md. Masud Rana,&nbsp;Istiaq Ahmed,&nbsp;Ashutosh Sarker,&nbsp;M. Jahiruddin,&nbsp;Ahmed Khairul Hasan","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70159","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Micronutrient malnutrition remains a major global challenge, particularly in developing countries of South Asia, where diets are dominated by cereal-based foods with low mineral content. Lentil is a nutrient-rich legume with strong potential for biofortification to enhance dietary intake of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se). This study evaluated the efficacy of agronomic biofortification in enhancing the micronutrient content and yield of lentils across three regions of Bangladesh (e.g., Gazipur, Ishurdi, and Jashore). A factorial randomized complete block design was employed using eight diverse lentil genotypes and eight foliar treatments (i.e., control, Fe, Zn, Se, Fe + Zn, Fe + Se, Zn + Se, Zn + Fe + Se). Foliar application of fertilizers containing Se, Zn, and Fe significantly enhanced the corresponding micronutrient concentrations in lentil seeds without affecting yield compared with the control treatment. Selenium concentration increased more than tenfold, whereas Zn and Fe concentrations increased by 61% and 29%, respectively. Zinc-based treatments (Zn and Zn + Se) significantly increased plant height, pod number, 100-seed weight, and yield (up to 11.3% higher than the control). Genotypes X96S/40-50134-12 and LRIL-21-109 exhibited superior responses in both yield and micronutrient accumulation, indicating strong genetic potential for future breeding programs to develop micronutrient-rich lentil cultivars. Environmental effects were significant and consistent across the locations, suggesting stability of biofortification outcomes. The synergistic effects of Se with Zn and Fe enhance micronutrient concentration without reducing yield, demonstrating that foliar agronomic biofortification is an efficient, scalable, and location-adaptable strategy for enhancing the nutritional quality of lentils.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70159","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pea Protein Extraction Techniques: A Comparative Study With Commercial Pea and Soy Proteins","authors":"Anahita Sharifi,&nbsp;Pankaj Maharjan,&nbsp;Farhad Ahmadi,&nbsp;Ken Ng,&nbsp;Hafiz Suleria,&nbsp;Cassandra Walker","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70158","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two common methods used to separate plant-based proteins are wet extraction and dry fractionation. To identify the most suitable industrial applications, this study investigated the effects of wet extraction and dry fractionation on the physicochemical and functional properties of the Australian yellow field pea proteins, comparing them against commercial pea and soy protein isolates. Pea proteins extracted by wet extraction and dry fractionation showed significant differences in protein content, surface characteristics, structure, and functional properties, whereas no significant difference was seen in their essential amino acid content. Notably, both lab-processed pea fractions maintained superior structural integrity compared to heavily denatured commercial market controls. Specifically, dry-fractionated pea protein concentrates showed reduced protein denaturation as compared to wet-extracted pea protein isolates, as reflected by their higher solubility (77.3% vs. 66.1%), lower surface hydrophobicity (345.2 vs. 650), and smaller particle size (314 vs. 603 nm). Conversely, wet extraction enhanced water-holding capacity, whereas dry fractionation exhibited superior emulsifying activity. In comparison, both commercial pea and soy protein isolates were more denatured, with lower solubility, larger particle sizes, and higher hydrophobicity. Ultimately, these distinct functional profiles demonstrate that the extraction method directly dictates the protein's final characteristics, highlighting the importance of selecting the most suitable processing method tailored to specific food industry applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70158","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rheological and Tribological Properties of Tara Gum-Thickened Lentil Soups at Selected IDDSI Levels for Dysphagia Management","authors":"Jasim Ahmed,&nbsp;Linu Thomas,&nbsp;Abdulwahab Almusallam,&nbsp;Hasan Al-Attar","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70156","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study evaluated the application of a tara gum-based commercial thickener to formulate texture-modified lentil soups across International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI) Levels 1–4 for dysphagia management, characterizing their rheological and tribological properties at 5°C, 25°C, and 37°C. The thickened soups exhibited distinct non-Newtonian, shear-thinning, and thixotropic flow behaviors demonstrating an enhancement in structural strength with increasing thickener concentration. The steady-flow behavior was described well by both the Herschel–Bulkley and Carreau models, where gradual increases in yield stress, zero-shear viscosity, and thixotropy reflected reinforced structural integrity. Oscillatory rheological analysis identified distinct gel points (G′ = G″), with the crossover frequencies decreasing as the IDDSI level increased, indicating a high degree of polymer chain entanglement and the formation of a stronger network. For IDDSI diet Levels 1–3, the Han plot demonstrated excellent linearity, whereas the Cox–Merz rule showed reasonable agreement at low frequencies and shear rates (0.1–1 Hz/s⁻¹). This correlation suggests comparable structural responses under both oscillatory and steady shear deformation. Tribological measurements via Stribeck curve revealed that the soups predominantly operated within mixed and hydrodynamic lubrication regimes, with insignificant changes in the coefficient of friction across IDDSI Levels 1–3, which indicates their favorable oral lubrication characteristics. Overall, the formulation tested at 37°C for IDDSI Levels 1–3 exhibited the highest structural stability and polymer compatibility. These findings indicate that serving the soups at body temperature may provide superior rheological performance and potentially facilitate safer and more efficient swallowing for individuals with dysphagia.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70156","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aphid Resistance in Pulse Crops: Sources, Mechanisms, Genetics and Breeding","authors":"Francisco A. Mendes,&nbsp;Susana T. Leitão,&nbsp;Diego Rubiales,&nbsp;Maria Carlota Vaz Patto","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70146","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aphids are major pests of pulse crops, causing damage through phloem sap feeding and virus transmission. In this context, resistant varieties are central components of sustainable aphid management. This review synthesizes current knowledge on resistance sources, phenotyping strategies, resistance mechanisms, genetic control and breeding approaches in pulse–aphid interactions. Reviewed studies reveal diverse resistance responses, including antibiosis, antixenosis, and tolerance, mediated by biochemical and biophysical barriers and influenced by aphid adaptation, with biotype specificity emerging as a key but underexplored factor. Genetic studies indicate a predominantly quantitative architecture, with multiple loci of small to moderate effect, while major resistance genes are uncommon. Advances in genomics, high-throughput phenotyping and modern breeding approaches offer opportunities to better capture quantitative resistance, but durable deployment will require multienvironment validation and strategies aligned with the dynamic and polygenic nature of aphid resistance. Overall, progress toward aphid-resistant pulse cultivars will depend on integrating robust phenotyping, genetic analysis and breeding approaches across a wider range of pulse crops and environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-Wide Association Studies of Micro-and Macro-Mineral Concentrations in Cultivated, Wild and Native Pea","authors":"Maryam Bagheri,&nbsp;Carla S. Santos,&nbsp;Diego Rubiales,&nbsp;Osman Zakaria Wohor,&nbsp;Marta W. Vasconcelos","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70142","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i>) is a nutrient-rich crop that can provide essential nutrients needed for human and animal health. Improving its mineral concentration through genetic selection can enhance its nutritional value and help combat micronutrient deficiencies. This study aimed to investigate the genetic basis of the accumulation of eight minerals (calcium [Ca], copper [Cu], potassium [K], magnesium [Mg], manganese [Mn], phosphorus [P], Fe, and Zn) in pea seeds. The analysis was performed with 323 diverse genotyped accessions of <i>Pisum</i>, including <i>P. sativum</i>, <i>Pisum fulvum</i>, <i>Pisum abyssinicum</i>, and several subspecies of <i>P. sativum</i>, cultivated across three growing seasons. Among all the studied accessions, <i>P. sativum</i> subsp. <i>elatius</i> showed the highest concentration of Ca, K, Mg, and Fe, whereas subsp. <i>humile</i> had the highest levels of P, Mn, and Zn. The highest Cu concentration was observed in subsp. <i>jomardii</i>. Conversely, the <i>P. sativum</i> “Indian ecotype” and subsp. <i>arvense</i> consistently displayed the lowest values across all minerals. The study also showed that accessions, environmental conditions, and their interactions are effective in regulating the mineral concentration of peas. Higher thermal variability during the 2017–2018 season resulted in lower levels of Ca, K, Cu, Fe, Zn, P, and Mn compared to the 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 seasons. Also, reduced rainfall in the 2018–2019 season led to increased Ca, P, Cu, and Zn content and the lowest Mg level in seeds. A genome-wide association study identified 209 marker–trait associations significantly associated with mineral concentration. Sixty-two candidate genes are proposed to be involved in processes such as transcriptional regulation, nutrient transport, proteolysis, organic acid metabolism and storage, and stress responses. These candidate pathways have potential implications for breeding high mineral concentration in pea. Future functional validation of these candidate genes would pave the way for marker-assisted breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149145916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in the Integration of Genomic and Phenomic Tools in Cowpea Breeding for Improving Stress Resilience and Grain Yield and Quality","authors":"Habib Akinmade,&nbsp;Luis Getino,&nbsp;María Muñoz-Amatriaín,&nbsp;Esteban Rios","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70153","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> L. Walp) is a multi-use crop highly valued as a food crop, high-protein fodder, and sustainable cover crop. Yet, it remains underused, and yields in most growing regions are below the crop's potential due to multiple biotic and abiotic stresses. Recent advances in genomics and phenomics present new opportunities to speed up genetic gain for trait improvement in this species. A high-quality reference genome, a pangenome, and high-density genotyping platforms have aided genome-wide association studies, marker-assisted selection, and genomic selection, allowing for the dissection of genetic mechanisms controlling important traits and for the development of prediction models. Complementing these approaches, phenomic selection uses spectral data from near-infrared spectroscopy as a cost-effective, high-throughput option to molecular markers in predicting complex traits. This review puts together current knowledge on the genetic diversity of cowpea germplasm and information on target traits in cowpea breeding that include grain yield, protein content, nematode resistance, and drought and heat tolerance. We also detail successful applications of genomic tools, examine the emerging role of phenomic approaches, and explain the importance of synchronizing these methods with conventional breeding and participatory approaches to ensure adoption of technologies. Challenges remain, including reduced use of wild relatives, socioeconomic hiccups, and unequal access to advanced technologies, especially in low-income demographics. Nevertheless, the joint use of genomic and phenomic innovations into cowpea breeding pipelines offers great potential to deliver high-yielding, resilient and nutritionally improved varieties that can meet global food security requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70153","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149145677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Dynamics of Seed-Derived Molybdenum Following Seed Priming in Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) and Impact on Nitrogen Accumulation","authors":"Tamanna Kasakaitis,&nbsp;Euan K. James,&nbsp;Pietro P. M. Iannetta,&nbsp;Becky Howard,&nbsp;Edward Dickin,&nbsp;James M. Monaghan","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70154","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Molybdenum (Mo) is required for biological nitrogen fixation because it forms part of the FeMo cofactor of nitrogenase. Seed priming has been shown to increase BNF in other legumes, but its effectiveness has not been tested in faba bean (<i>Vicia faba</i> L.). This study investigated the dynamics of Mo following seed priming with a Mo solution and whether this improves nodulation or nitrogen accumulation under controlled nitrogen-free conditions. Faba bean seeds were primed with water or 0.4% sodium molybdate for 4 or 16 h. Preliminary seed analyses confirmed that Mo priming substantially increased seed Mo content, from 7- to 17-μg Mo seed⁻¹ in water-primed seeds to approximately 395- to 1145-μg Mo seed⁻¹ following Mo priming (<i>F</i>_7,16 = 5620, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), with most Mo initially retained in the testa. Primed seeds were grown in an autoclaved sand–perlite medium supplied with nitrogen- and Mo-free nutrient solution. Across two independent experimental runs (<i>n</i> = 8 replicate plants per treatment), nodulation was assessed 30 days after sowing, and biomass, carbon, nitrogen and Mo partitioning were assessed over a 60-day growth period. Mo seed priming had no significant effect on effective nodule number, nodule dry weight, shoot or root biomass, plant nitrogen accumulation or plant carbon accumulation (all <i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). However, inferences from mass balance patterns suggest that Mo was progressively mobilised from the testa and redistributed to roots and shoots, particularly following 16-h Mo priming. These results demonstrate that seed-derived Mo is retained in the testa and progressively redistributed to vegetative tissues during early growth but that this redistribution did not translate into improved nodulation or nitrogen accumulation under the conditions tested.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70154","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149068483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}