Legume Science最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing Pea Flour Characteristics Through Radio Frequency Heating: Effects on Composition, Flavour, Anti-Nutrients and Functionality","authors":"Praiya Asavajaru,&nbsp;Pabitra Chandra Das,&nbsp;Aarti Bhagwat,&nbsp;Darrin Klassen,&nbsp;Li Liu,&nbsp;Peng Gao,&nbsp;Yuping Lu,&nbsp;Prem Prakash Das,&nbsp;Nandhakishore Rajagopalan","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Peas and other legume crops are sources of sustainable plant-based proteins. Dry pea seeds can be processed into whole seed flour or dehulled milled flour and used as food ingredients. However, the widespread consumption of plant-based ingredients from peas is limited by their poor sensory properties, limitations in their functionality, nutritional properties and presence of anti-nutritional factors. Many of these negative attributes could potentially be overcome by using novel processing technologies. In this study, radio frequency (RF) pre-treatment of whole dry yellow peas was carried out at two temperatures (85°C and 115°C) and their effects on the macromolecular composition, amino acid profiles, anti-nutritional content, techno-functional properties and flavour chemistry were analysed. Significant reduction in the amounts of 12 out of 18 amino acids were observed in RF-treated samples compared to untreated control, while the other six amino acids showed a slight increase after RF treatment. Upon RF treatment, total phenolic content increased, while saponin content, trypsin inhibitor activity and lipoxygenase enzyme activity showed a reduction. Volatolomics studies revealed the generation of a number of new pyrazine class of volatile flavour compounds <i>in situ</i>, only in the RF treatment at the higher temperature of 115°C. Techno-functional analysis of dehulled milled flours prepared from RF-treated seeds showed an increase in water holding capacity, while the oil absorption capacity, foaming and emulsion properties decreased compared to untreated control. The significant findings of this investigation include the identification of a set of pyrazine compounds that enhance the flavour profile of RF-treated seeds and an improvement in water holding capacity of the flour that can increase its utilization in meat-analogue applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Faba Bean Breeding in Australia: Past, Present and Future","authors":"Kedar N. Adhikari,&nbsp;Samuel C. Catt,&nbsp;Frederick L. Stoddard","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Faba bean is an important autumn-sown grain legume in Australia, coming third in production and hectarage after lentil and chickpea. It is mostly grown in South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales (NSW) and Queensland (QLD). Despite its introduction as early as European settlement in Australia, the crop did not get much attention until the 1970s, when research on it as a crop was initiated at the Waite Institute of the University of Adelaide and cultivar ‘Fiord’ was released for general cultivation in 1980. Production gradually increased and spread to other states, mainly Victoria and NSW. Two coordinated breeding nodes addressing distinct agroecological zones and disease spectra were subsequently established. The breeding node at the University of Adelaide is responsible for breeding long-season and Ascochyta-resistant cultivars for the Mediterranean-climate southern region, while the node at the University of Sydney is responsible for breeding short-season and rust-resistant cultivars for the subtropical area of northern NSW and southern QLD. Initially, the northern node was with the NSW Department of Primary Industries. Improved cultivars have been released from both organisations for their respective areas, leading to increased productivity. Rust in the north and Ascochyta in the south are the main diseases, while chocolate spot is a concern in both areas. In addition to increasing yield and disease resistance, both programmes also aim to improve herbicide resistance and seed quality, with reduced vicine–convicine content as an early target. Limited work has been done towards molecular breeding until now, but with the availability of a full genome sequence, resources can be directed towards genomic selection for faster genetic gain.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrical Current-Mediated Transformation for Efficient Plant Genome Editing: A Case Study in Faba Bean","authors":"Sruthy Maria Augustine,&nbsp;Anoop V. Cherian,&nbsp;Paridhi Paridhi,&nbsp;Samson Ugwuanyi,&nbsp;Md Mamunur Rashid,&nbsp;Babette Knoblauch,&nbsp;Stavros Tzigos,&nbsp;Soni Savai Pullamsetti,&nbsp;Rod J. Snowdon","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70031","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Genome editing technologies have great potential to accelerate plant breeding, but delivery of editing constructs is difficult in many crop species because they are recalcitrant to transformation or tissue culture. Here, we present a transformative method for delivering ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes and plasmid vectors to intact, regenerable plant tissues. This is the initial description and proof of concept for a novel transformation method for genome editing in faba beans, exemplifying a tissue culture recalcitrant crop species. This is achieved by applying an electric current to make plant cell walls and membranes permeable, facilitating the entry of macromolecular constructs into the plant cell and nucleus (Furuhata et al. &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;). This study presents a genome editing method applied to faba bean (&lt;i&gt;Vicia faba&lt;/i&gt; L.), an early domesticated crop and an important cool-season legume in global agriculture, recognised for its nitrogen-fixing abilities and as a key protein source in numerous countries (Jithesh et al. &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;; Jayakodi et al. &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). A major limitation in faba bean research to date has been the absence of a reliable transformation or genome-editing methods.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To prepare, the excised seed embryo (Figure S3) is perforated five to eight times with a 26-gauge needle. A droplet of liquid containing the desired macromolecular construct, such as an RNP complex or plasmid, is then applied to the perforated surface. Two 26-gauge needles are then inserted into the plant tissue, and transfection is achieved by applying an electric current via a 24–28 V battery (Figure 1A, Appendix S1). Details about the electrode assembly and safe use are provided in Appendix S2. To evaluate the effectiveness of electric current-mediated transfection in faba bean, we introduced the green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing transgene construct pLH-6000-GFP (250 ng/μL) (Figure S1; Imani et al. &lt;span&gt;2011&lt;/span&gt;) into faba bean embryos using this technique. Embryos were extracted from mature seeds that had been soaked in sterile MilliQ water for around 16 h. Viable embryos were retrieved and transferred to a standard 100x15 mm petri dish. The needles are connected to the battery prior to insertion into the embryo. One needle was inserted 2–3 mm into the embryo, while the second needle was briefly touched onto the first one for less than one second, creating an electric current to destablilize the plant cell membranes and facilitate plasmid transfection into cells and nuclei. The pulsing was repeated 3–4 times within 10–15 s.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;GFP presence was confirmed two days after application of the electric current using confocal microscopy (Figure 1B, Video 1), with fluorescence detected using a 488 nm laser for excitation and an emission peak at 509–510 nm. Post-transfection, embryos expressing GFP were cultured on MS medium (4.4 g/L MS salts with vitamins, 20 g/L sucrose, 7 g/L agar, pH 5.8) supplemented with 1.5 mg/L IAA ","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhizobium Inoculation and Phosphorus Application on Nodulation and Yield of Common Bean in Ethiopia","authors":"Hulluager Abebe,&nbsp;Birhan Getie,&nbsp;Tiringo Yilak,&nbsp;Tiruneh Gizachew Ayalew","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In Ethiopia, the cultivation of common beans is hindered by the lack of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the soil. To address this issue and enhance the production of common beans, a sustainable approach involving the use of nitrogen-fixing microbial inoculants and an adequate supply of phosphorus nutrients was investigated. A field experiment was conducted at Tach Gayint during the main cropping seasons of 2021 and 2022 with site one and site two. A randomized complete block design was used comprising 12 treatments, which included combinations of Rhizobium strains (uninoculated, Native/A15, and Native/429) and phosphorus rates (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹). Data of plant height, number of pods per plant, days to physiological maturity, days to 50% flowering, total number of nodules per plant, quantity of seeds in each pod, the weight of 100 seeds in grams, and the grain production in kilograms per hectare were collected. The Statistical Analysis System Software, Version 9.0 was utilized for this analysis. The results of the interaction effect revealed that significant difference among treatments. The treatment with 50 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹ exhibited the maximum number of seeds per pod (5.5), pods per plant (13.3), and hundred seed weight (22.5). The highest grain yield (2378 kg ha⁻¹) was obtained when the Native/429 strain was inoculated with 50 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended to inoculate the local isolate 429 with a phosphorus application rate of 50 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yellowness of Selected Legume Flours as Function of Nutritional Composition, Mineral Content and Total Free Phenolic Content","authors":"Jelica Kovačević,&nbsp;Tung Pham,&nbsp;Thomas Bechtold","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Legume flours from sacha inchi (<i>Plukenetia volubilis</i>), pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i>), faba bean (<i>Vicia faba</i>), chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i>) and lentil (<i>Lens culinaris</i>) were analysed in a comprehensive study to identify potential sources for the development of yellow colour, which could limit their use in fortified food. The nutritional quality, macroelements and microelements, total free phenolics and fatty acid profile were compared to identify major sources of yellowness. The understanding of the yellowness of legume flours is of particular relevance for the preparation of white creamy products. Faba bean and chickpea had the highest protein content (72.0–73.1 g 100 g⁻¹). The highest fat content was analysed for sacha inchi (11.3 g 100 g⁻¹), and the highest dietary fibre content was analysed in chickpea (12.9 g 100 g⁻¹). Fe content varied from 0.1 (pea) to 5.8 mg 100 g⁻¹ (lentil). Total soluble phenolics content ranged from 82 (chickpea) to 413 mg 100 g⁻¹ (pea). The yellowness index (D1925) ranged from 22.4 to 52.2 and could be correlated in a simplified approach to the content in soluble total phenolics as gallic acid equivalents and the Fe content, which indicates that colour development of legume flours results from a combination of two main factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality and Safety of Iron Biofortified Bean-Silverfish Composite Instant Flour for Making Sauce","authors":"Khadijah Nakyinsige,&nbsp;Dianah Musabi,&nbsp;Sharon Hooper,&nbsp;Harriet Kebirungi,&nbsp;Eria Gyagenda Maseruka,&nbsp;Geoffrey Ssepuuya,&nbsp;Jason A. Wiesinger,&nbsp;Raymond P. Glahn,&nbsp;Peter Rukundo,&nbsp;Lorraine Weatherspoon,&nbsp;Peter Sonko,&nbsp;Jose Jackson Malete","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Beans are the main source of protein in the diet of many Ugandans, especially rural households, the urban poor, schools, and prisons. Beans are mainly utilized following drying with hardly any value addition and require long preparation times. This study evaluated the nutrition quality and safety of instant iron biofortified beans and silverfish composite flour using extrusion cooking. Three varieties of iron biofortified beans (NARO BEAN 1, 2, and 5C) were composited with ground fish in the ratios of 70:30, 80:20, and 90:10. The composite flour was analyzed for proximate composition, selected minerals, iron bioavailability, phytate content, folic acid content, and microbiological safety. The composite flour (50 g) was reconstituted into a gravy-type instant sauce with boiling water (100 mL) and subjected to sensory evaluation using a panel of 50 semitrained analysts. Addition of silverfish to the beans enhanced the sensory acceptability of the instant sauce with the sample containing the yellow bean variety NARO BEAN 5C (80:20) being the most preferred. Compositing beans with silverfish significantly increased moisture, protein, calcium, zinc, magnesium, and folic acid content. The combination yielded more bioavailable iron. The product had low levels (&lt; 0.25 ppb) of aflatoxins, which is lower than the FDA's action level for aflatoxins in food/feed of 20–300 ppb and undetectable <i>Salmonella</i> spp., <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> indicating its safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking Seed Dormancy in Wild Lentil Species Using an Abscisic Acid Antagonist to Explore and Utilize Wild Relatives as Genetic Resources","authors":"L. Y. Gorim,&nbsp;O. R. Enesi,&nbsp;S. R. Abrams,&nbsp;S. Banniza","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wild lentil genotypes are a valuable resource for genetic diversity, but their scientific study and utilization in breeding programs have been hampered by traits such as crossability barriers and seed dormancy. To make wild lentil genotypes more accessible for further exploration, we investigated the effect of different seed scarification techniques plus the abscisic acid (ABA) analog, ABA-1019 on breaking dormancy and seed germination release in seven lentil genotypes and 54 accessions (lines). Dormancy was alleviated by scarification with or without the addition of chemical substances but germination release was dependent on lentil genotypes/accessions and seed coat manipulations. ABA-1019 functions as an antagonist to native ABA, thereby blocking the ABA-induced delay in germination. ABA-1019 significantly increased germination and seedling emergence rates compared to the water and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) controls. DMSO increased germination rates and indices in some lentil genotypes compared to water control. ABA-1019 also had a positive effect on shortening the time to germination, emergence, and flowering, which is of particular interest when developing inbred populations or advancing lines to increase homogeneity. Our results indicate that combinational (physical and physiological) dormancy exist in some lentil accessions.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Radiofrequency and Microwave Heating on the Nutritional and Antinutritional Properties of Pulses: A Review","authors":"Pabitra Chandra Das,&nbsp;Oon-Doo Baik,&nbsp;Lope G. Tabil,&nbsp;Nandhakishore Rajagopalan","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pulses, which are the dry seeds of legume crops, have gained global popularity, leading to a notable rise in their production. They are rich in protein, minerals, fibers, and low in fat content. However, they have some antinutrients that need to be removed. Novel techniques like radiofrequency (RF) and microwave (MW) heating can enhance pulse quality by reducing the antinutrients. The key mechanism behind this improvement is the rapid heating that disrupts the native structure of the pulses. These technologies offer several advantages, including speed, consistency, sustainability, and energy efficiency. The effectiveness of RF and MW processing depends on the heating conditions used and the kind of pulses being treated. This review highlights the mechanisms and influencing factors of RF and MW heating as well as their effect on the nutritional and antinutritional qualities of various pulses. Additionally, the limitations of these technologies are summarized, and future research prospects focusing on pulse processing are identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and Partial Characterization of Polerovirus and Luteovirus Isolates Associated With Lentil and Chickpea in Ethiopia","authors":"Anteneh Ademe,&nbsp;Safaa G. Kumari,&nbsp;Abdulrahman Moukahel,&nbsp;Tesfaye Alemu,&nbsp;Adane Abraham,&nbsp;Yetsedaw Aynewa,&nbsp;Demsachew Guadie,&nbsp;Seid Ahmed","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The partial nucleotide sequence of the coat protein (CP) gene of Ethiopian isolates of chickpea chlorotic stunt virus (CpCSV, genus <i>Polerovirus</i>), beet western yellows virus (BWYV, genus <i>Polerovirus</i>), and soybean dwarf virus (SbDV, genus <i>Luteovirus</i>) was determined from lentil and chickpea plants showing yellowing, stunting, and reddening symptoms. Comparative sequence analysis of CpCSV isolates obtained from five chickpea and five lentil isolates showed 94.9%–100% and 91.9%–98.7% nucleotide sequence identity with each other and with the reference isolates, respectively. One CpCSV isolate from chickpea (MZ043728) showed a close relationship with isolates of the serotype II while the remaining nine isolates were closely related to isolates belonging to serotype I. Sequence identities of three chickpea BWYV isolates varied from 93.3% to 100% with the reference isolates, and one of them (MZ043727) displayed 100% nucleotide identity with previously reported lentil stunt virus (LStV, genus <i>Polerovirus</i>). The chickpea isolates MZ043725 and MZ043726 appear to be identical to each other, whereas the other isolate (MZ043727) was identical to previously identified LStV isolate. The nucleotide sequence of three Ethiopian SbDV isolates had a lower identity with GenBank isolates and their phylogenetic analysis showed that they are clustered separately from the rest of the reference isolates indicating that they are the most divergent. This result generates essential information for further research on legume viruses in Ethiopia. In addition, a detailed study should be conducted in the future to understand the prevalence of LStV and determine the potential yield losses associated with the virus in Ethiopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Drying Methods and pH-Shift + US Modification of Mung Bean Protein on the Stability of Pickering Emulsion","authors":"Srishti Upadhyay,&nbsp;Vijay Singh Sharanagat,&nbsp;Gourav Chakraborty,&nbsp;Shivani Desai,&nbsp;Jeeva Kiran Banoth","doi":"10.1002/leg3.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/leg3.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study evaluates the stability and structural characteristics of Pickering emulsion (PE) stabilized by mung bean flour (MBF), spray-dried mung bean protein (SD-MBP), freeze-dried mung bean protein (FD-MBP), and their pH₁₂-shift combined with ultrasonication (US) modified forms: modified spray-dried (MSD-MBP) and freeze-dried mung bean protein (MFD-MBP). PE stabilized with SD-MBP exhibited smaller droplet size (1.89 μm) and higher zeta potential (−22 mV) compared with FD-MBP PE (−20.16 mV). The PE stabilized with MSD-MBP displayed the smallest droplet size (1.33 μm), lowest creaming index, and a gel-like structure with superior elastic and viscous moduli showing drying followed by pH₁₂-shift + US modification of protein further enhanced the stability of PE. These Pickering emulsions (PEs) showed higher pH stability, particularly at acidic and neutral pH levels, due to its dense interfacial film. Microstructural analysis (CLSM) showed homogeneously packed and tightly adsorbed interfacial layer with lowest droplet aggregation in PE stabilized with MSD-MBP. The modification of protein also enhanced the thermal resistance of PE and followed the order as SD-MBP &gt; MSD-MBP &gt; MFD-MBP &gt; FD-MBP &gt; MBF. FTIR analysis revealed the difference in the intensity of amide peaks of PE stabilized by MBF and its proteins. The tribological analysis of PE stabilized with MSD-MBP represents the distinct static and kinetic regions, with reduced frictional resistance at higher shear rates, indicating effective lubrication. The synergistic approach of drying and pH₁₂-shift + US modification of mung protein significantly improved stability and reduced creaming in PE, and the MSD-PE highlighted its potential to develop robust PEs with enhanced functionality.</p>","PeriodicalId":17929,"journal":{"name":"Legume Science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/leg3.70023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}