Kompass Autoimmun最新文献

{"title":"B-Zell-mediierte Autoimmunerkrankungen: Risiko für B-Zell-Lymphome?","authors":"M. Sticherling","doi":"10.1159/000535790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000535790","url":null,"abstract":"Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (pcBCLs) are non-Hodgkin lymphomas present in the skin without evidence of extracutaneous involvement at diagnosis and include primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma, primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma, intravascular large B-cell lymphoma, and primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg-type [1]. While the etiology and pathogenesis of pcBCL is not fully understood, prior research suggests a possible association between autoimmune disease and primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma [2]. While it is known that patients with certain autoimmune disorders (systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune thyroiditis, Sjogren‘s, and sarcoidosis, among others) have an increased risk of developing non-Hodgkin lymphomas and other cancers due to chronic B-cell stimulation and immune dysregulation, little is known about the relationship between specific autoimmune diseases and pcBCL [3, 4].","PeriodicalId":17887,"journal":{"name":"Kompass Autoimmun","volume":"14 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139451007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neue Kriterien für das Anti-Phospholipid-Syndrom","authors":"M. Aringer","doi":"10.1159/000535709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000535709","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To develop new antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) classification criteria with high specificity for use in observational studies and trials, jointly supported by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and EULAR. Methods: This international multidisciplinary initiative included four phases: (1) Phase I, criteria generation by surveys and literature review; (2) Phase II, criteria reduction by modified Delphi and nominal group technique exercises; (3) Phase III, criteria definition, further reduction with the guidance of real-world patient scenarios, and weighting via consensus-based multicriteria decision analysis, and threshold identification; and (4) Phase IV, validation using independent adjudicators’ consensus as the gold standard. Results: The 2023 ACR/EULAR APS classification criteria include an entry criterion of at least one positive antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) test within 3 years of identification of an aPL-associated clinical criterion, followed by additive weighted criteria (score range 1–7 points each) clustered into six clinical domains (macrovascular venous thromboembolism, macrovascular arterial thrombosis, microvascular, obstetric, cardiac valve, and hematologic) and two laboratory domains (lupus anticoagulant functional coagulation assays, and solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for IgG/IgM anticardiolipin and/or IgG/IgM anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies). Patients accumulating at least three points each from the clinical and laboratory domains are classified as having APS. In the validation cohort, the new APS criteria vs the 2006 revised Sapporo classification criteria had a specificity of 99% vs 86%, and a sensitivity of 84% vs 99%.","PeriodicalId":17887,"journal":{"name":"Kompass Autoimmun","volume":"76 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eine Dermatomyositis mit ungewöhnlichen Befunden und letalem Ausgang","authors":"M. Polke","doi":"10.1159/000535710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000535710","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a frequently observed comorbidity in autoimmune diseases such as dermatomyositis/polymyositis (DM/PM), and it is significantly associated with specific autoantibody types. One unique antibody type is the anti-transcription intermediate factor-1γ antibody (anti-TIF-1γ Ab), which has a positive rate of only 7%. It is often found in combination with malignancy and rarely with ILD, particularly rapidly progressive ILD (RPILD). In some cases, the presence of ILD in individuals with DM may indicate a paraneoplastic syndrome. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) typically occurs due to intensive immunosuppressive therapy, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, or malignancy, and rarely as an isolated condition. Case Presentation: A 52-year-old man with a history of rapid weight loss but non-HIV infected and not immunosuppressed who presented with fever, cough, dyspnea, weakness of the extremities, characteristic rash and mechanic’s hand. Pathogenic tests suggested PJP, laboratory tests suggested a single anti-TIF-1γ Ab positive DM, imaging suggested ILD, and pathology revealed no malignancy. RPILD and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) developed after anti-infection and steroid hormone therapy. After mechanical support therapy such as Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO), the patient developed late-onset cytomegalovirus pneumonia (CMVP), complicated bacterial infection, and ultimately death. Additionally, we discuss the potential causes of rapid weight loss, the mechanisms by which anti-TIF-1γ Ab may lead to ILD, and the possible connection between anti-TIF-1γ Ab positivity, rapid weight loss, immune abnormalities, and opportunistic infections.","PeriodicalId":17887,"journal":{"name":"Kompass Autoimmun","volume":"43 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138951745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Range of European Nutritional Practice – Inspiring and on the Point","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000533903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000533903","url":null,"abstract":"HealthyW8 aims to develop an integrated precision prevention approach for obesity, which includes an enhanced HLRS (Health Lifestyle Recommendation System) based on an emotions-aware HDT (Human Digital Twin). The HLRS will integrate multiple host factors, lifestyle aspects, and socio-economic and living contexts to provide personalized recommendations. The HDT will help forecast human behaviour, understand practical limitations of recommendations, and serve as a framework for simulation and prediction models for individual decisionmaking processes. The use of a HDT for obesity prevention is a novel approach that could revolutionize obesity management. HealthyW8 strives to encourage healthier lifestyles from an early stage of life onward, decreasing the prevalence of obesity and lowering healthcare costs. Interventions and digital solutions will allow health professionals to tailor their services to individuals without high infrastructure and administration costs. The project emphasizes improving health literacy through personalization of goals and nudging/gamification effects for motivation, Komp Nutr Diet 2023;2:83–86 DOI: 10.1159/000533903","PeriodicalId":17887,"journal":{"name":"Kompass Autoimmun","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136130916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IndustryNews","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000534111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000534111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17887,"journal":{"name":"Kompass Autoimmun","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136130096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Novice to Expert – Unveiling the Power of Lifelong Learning in Dietetic Practice","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000533367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000533367","url":null,"abstract":"As healthcare professionals, dietitians have a duty of care to their patients and profession to ensure that they remain aware of changes in dietetic practice. Pre-registration education programmes provide broad training, often aligning with the EFAD Academic Standards, 2018 (www.efad.org/efad-standards) within a limited timeframe that also incorporates practice learning. With experience, dietitians become increasingly skilled and often aspire to move into specialised, consultant or freelance roles. An increasingly popular trend is the development of a portfolio career, which involves engaging in multiple roles with different employers. Lifelong learning (LLL) is integral to every dietitian’s continual practice, and skill competencies are no longer «optional in health care» [1, 2]. Some countries now have specified roles requiring more formal training, such as Advanced Practice roles in the UK (BDA, 2023) (www.bda.uk.com/practice-and-education/nutrition-and-dieteticpractice/dietetic-workforce/advanced-practice.html). LLL is defined diversely across various national contexts and for distinct purposes. The European Commission published «Memorandum on Lifelong Learning» in 2000 defining LLL as «all purposeful learning activity, undertaken on an ongoing basis with the aim of improving knowledge, skills and competence» [3]. Many countries use the term Continuous Professional Development (CPD) which, in the context of healthcare, can be defined as «systematic maintenance, improvement, and continuous acquisition and/or reinforcement of the life-long knowledge, skills and competences of health professionals» [4]. CPD is pivotal to meeting patient, health service delivery, and individual professional learning needs. The term acknowledges not only the wide-ranging competences needed to practice high-quality care delivery but also the multi-disciplinary context of patient care [4, 5]. Recently, some LLL in other employment sections has been recognised through micro-credentials and digital badging. The title of «dietitian/dietician» has been protected by statutory regulation in a number of countries including the United Kingdom, USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand [6], and also Ireland and the Komp Nutr Diet 2023;2:80–82 DOI: 10.1159/000533367","PeriodicalId":17887,"journal":{"name":"Kompass Autoimmun","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136130507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for Nutritional Risk in Primary Healthcare","authors":"Trude M. B. Mortensen","doi":"10.1159/000533930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000533930","url":null,"abstract":"It is not known if nutrition risk screening of older adults should be a standard practice in primary care. The evidence in support of nutrition risk screening of older adults in primary care was examined and critically analyzed using an umbrella review. The peer reviewed and grey literature were searched for clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and systematic reviews (SRs). Titles and abstracts were independently screened by the two authors. Resources were excluded if they did not apply to older adults, did not discuss nutrition/malnutrition risk screening, or were in settings other than primary care. Full texts were independently screened by both authors, resulting in the identification of six CPGs and three SRs that met the review criteria. Guidelines were appraised with the AGREE II tool and SRs with the AMSTAR 2 tool. The quality of the CPGs was high, while the quality of the SRs was low. The CPGs and SRs acknowledged a lack of high-quality research on the benefits of regular nutrition risk screening for older adults in primary care; however, CPGs recommended annual screening for older adults in primary care practices or other community settings. High-quality research investigating nutrition risk screening of older adults in primary care is needed.","PeriodicalId":17887,"journal":{"name":"Kompass Autoimmun","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135887306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malnutrition, Low Muscle Mass and Sarcopenia May be Underestimated in Certain Populations with Cancer. The Case For: “One Size, Does Not Fit All… Patient’s Diversity”","authors":"Adele Hug, Susana Couto Irving","doi":"10.1159/000533514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000533514","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Background:</b> Low muscle mass (MM) is a common component of cancer-related malnutrition and sarcopenia, conditions that are all independently associated with an increased risk of mortality. This study aimed to (1) compare the prevalence of low MM, malnutrition, and sarcopenia and their association with survival in adults with cancer from the UK Biobank and (2) explore the influence of different allometric scaling (height [m²] or body mass index [BMI]) on low MM estimates. <b>Methods:</b> Participants in the UK Biobank with a cancer diagnosis within 2 years of the baseline assessment were identified. Low MM was estimated by appendicular lean soft tissue (ALST) from bioelectrical impedance analysis derived fat-free mass. Malnutrition was determined using the Global Leadership in Malnutrition criteria. Sarcopenia was defined using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria (version 2). All-cause mortality was determined from linked national mortality records. Cox-proportional hazards models were fitted to estimate the effect of low MM, malnutrition, and sarcopenia on all-cause mortality. <b>Results:</b> In total, 4122 adults with cancer (59.8 ± 7.1 years; 49.2% male) were included. Prevalence of low MM (8.0% vs. 1.7%), malnutrition (11.2% vs. 6.2%), and sarcopenia (1.4% vs. 0.2%) was higher when MM was adjusted using ALST/BMI compared with ALST/height², respectively. Low MM using ALST/BMI identified more cases in participants with obesity (low MM 56.3% vs. 0%; malnutrition 50% vs. 18.5%; sarcopenia 50% vs. 0%). During a median 11.2 (interquartile range: 10.2, 12.0) years of follow up, 901 (21.7%) of the 4122 participants died, and of these, 744 (82.6%) deaths were cancer-specific All conditions were associated with a higher hazard of mortality using either method of MM adjustment: low MM (ALST/height²: HR 1.9 [95% CI 1.3, 2.8], P = 0.001; ALST/BMI: HR 1.3 [95% CI 1.1, 1.7], P = 0.005; malnutrition (ALST/height²: HR 2.5 [95% CI 1.1, 1.7], P = 0.005; ALST/BMI: HR 1.3 [95% CI 1.1, 1.7], P = 0.005; sarcopenia (ALST/height²: HR 2.9 [95% CI 1.3, 6.5], P = 0.013; ALST/BMI: HR 1.6 [95% CI 1.0, 2.4], P = 0.037).","PeriodicalId":17887,"journal":{"name":"Kompass Autoimmun","volume":"15 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135887307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Importance of Foodservice to Combat Food Insecurity and Malnutiriton in Older People","authors":"Derya Dikmen","doi":"10.1159/000534046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000534046","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, Meals on Wheels (MoW) services have been in a state of decline as austerity policies have become entrenched. However, this decline is occurring with little knowledge of the impact withdrawal of MoW services has on the health and well-being of those who use them. The pandemic has raised awareness of precarity and vulnerability in relation to food that affects many people in the UK and other Westernised countries and this provides further context for the analysis presented. This paper presents findings of a mixed methods ethnographic study drawing on qualitative interviews and visual methods underpinned by social practice theory to explore the household food practices of older people receiving MoW services. Interviews were conducted with 14 older people receiving MoW, eight MoW staff delivering MoW services in the east of England and one expert. The Covid-19 pandemic interrupted the study, and once the first lockdown began visits to the homes of older people were terminated and the remaining interviews were undertaken by telephone. The study found that a number of threats accumulated to change food practices and moved people towards vulnerability to food insecurity. Threats included difficulty accessing food and cooking due to sensory and physical challenges. The MoW service increased participants&amp;apos; coping capacity. As well as benefiting from the food provided, the relational aspect of the service was important. Brief encounters between MoW staff built caring relationships that developed over time to ensure older people felt valued and cared for. The study demonstrates how MoW services make a positive contribution to food practices, supporting vulnerable adults to continue living well in their own homes and protecting them from food insecurity and ill-being. Local authorities looking to make cost savings through ending MoW services should consider the impact this would have on the well-being of older residents.","PeriodicalId":17887,"journal":{"name":"Kompass Autoimmun","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135887081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Have a Higher Risk of Sarcopenia?","authors":"Alyson Hill","doi":"10.1159/000533830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000533830","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Introduction:</b> Recent studies suggested that sarcopenia may be a significant comorbidity of diabetes mellitus (DM). Nonetheless, studies with nationally representative data are scarce, and the changing trend of sarcopenia prevalence over time is largely unknown. Therefore, we aimed to estimate and compare the prevalence of sarcopenia in diabetic and nondiabetic US older population, and to explore the potential predictors of sarcopenia as well as the trend of sarcopenia prevalent in the past decades. <b>Methods:</b> Data were retrieved from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Sarcopenia and DM were defined according to corresponding diagnosis criteria. Weighted prevalence was calculated and compared between diabetic and nondiabetic participants. The differences among age and ethnicity groups were explored. <b>Results:</b> A total of 6,381 US adults (&amp;#x3e;50 years) were involved. The overall prevalence of sarcopenia was 17.8% for US elders, and the prevalence was higher (27.9% vs. 15.7%) in those with diabetes ones than those without. Stepwise regression revealed that sarcopenia was significantly associated with DM (adjusted odds ratio = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.08-1.22; p &amp;#x3c; 0.05) after controlling for potential confounders including gender, age, ethnicity, educational level, BMI, and muscle strengthening activity. A slight fluctuation but overall increasing trend of sarcopenia prevalence was observed among diabetic elders, while no obvious changing trend was observed in their counterparts in recent decades.","PeriodicalId":17887,"journal":{"name":"Kompass Autoimmun","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136025746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}