Kuwait Journal of Science最新文献

{"title":"Identification of Gold targets using airborne geophysics and remote sensing data in part of northcentral Nigeria","authors":"Kehinde D. Oyeyemi ,&nbsp;Solape S. Fadeyi ,&nbsp;Akeem Adigun ,&nbsp;Osagie A. Ekhaguere ,&nbsp;Mohamed Metwaly","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The exploration and utilization of economic mineral deposits are of paramount importance in driving the prosperity and progress of nations across the globe. An integrative approach of integrating aeromagnetic, airborne-radiometric, and remote-sensing methods was employed to assess gold mineralization zones within Paiko town in Niger state, northcentral Nigeria. Airborne-radiometric and remote-sensing datasets were utilized to map subsurface structures, lithological units, and hydrothermal alteration zones. The investigation delineated three major tectonic events along different directions: the ENE-WSW (D1) trending tectonic event, the WNW-ESE (D2) trending tectonic event, and NW-SE (D3) trending structural deformation event. The three deformation phases signify unique magnetic unit boundaries, lithological contacts, veins, and veinlets intrusions. These structures were interpreted as potential pathways for mineralization fluids. Moreover, the presence of high potassium-rich zones with low thorium/potassium ratio anomalies indicated potassium enrichments associated with sericite mica and K-feldspar minerals. The study also mapped various alterations of ferrous silicates, holding the potential to host gold and copper deposits, as well as endoskarn, epidot/chlorite/amphibole alterations, and phyllic minerals. Depth estimates derived from magnetic source parameters imaging techniques revealed that the mineralization targets in the area are relatively shallow, with depths ranging from the near-surface to less than 100 m. The delineation of mineralization zones in the study area convincingly demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating airborne geophysical and remote sensing data for exploring, developing, and managing subsurface mineral resources. This approach provides valuable insights into gold mineralization's presence, distribution, and characteristics, facilitating informed decision-making in mineral resource exploration and utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"Article 100347"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of fermentation conditions for 3-methylthio-1-propanol production by Saccharomycopsis fibuligera Y1402 in tobacco matrix","authors":"Qi Sun ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Liu ,&nbsp;Quanyu Zhou ,&nbsp;Xinhui Peng ,&nbsp;Xuemin Guo ,&nbsp;Bo Kong ,&nbsp;Huawu Yang ,&nbsp;Chao Teng ,&nbsp;Liujie Cheng ,&nbsp;Chan Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhen Ma ,&nbsp;Guangsen Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>3-methylthio-1-propanol (3-Met) is widely used as a flavoring substance in food flavoring. In this study, the fermentation conditions of <em>Saccharomycopsis fibuligera</em> Y1402 for 3-Met production were optimized in the tobacco matrix. Firstly, the optimization of the culture medium components and culture conditions was carried out through a single factor design. Then, a Plackett-Burman design was used to screen out factors that most significantly affected the production of 3-Met by <em>S. fibuligera</em> Y1402. The steepest ascending path design was used to identify the most significant response region. The optimal conditions for the production of 3-Met were determined using the Box-Behnken experimental design and response surface analysis. These conditions included a particle size of tobacco between 60 and 80 mesh, ammonium sulphate as the nitrogen source with a concentration of 2.4 g/L, L-methionine (L-Met) concentration of 3.1 g/L in the nutrient solution, an incubation time of 145 h, a moisture content of 83%, an initial pH of 5.5, a temperature of 29 °C, and an inoculation size of 1.6%. Under these conditions, the production of 3-Met reached 342.07 mg/g of tobacco. When the culture was scaled up, the conversion yield of 3-Met reached 1.07 g/g of tobacco. This suggests that fermenting this strain can increase the amount of 3-Met in tobacco leaves. This research offers a reference value for employing this strain to enhance the flavor components of crushed tobacco leaves, low-quality tobacco leaves, or tobacco stems, facilitating the processing of inferior tobacco leaves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"Article 100345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bayesian estimation strategy for multi-component geometric life testing model under doubly type-1 censoring scheme","authors":"Nadeem Akhtar ,&nbsp;Muteb Faraj Alharthi ,&nbsp;Sajjad Ahmad Khan ,&nbsp;Akbar Ali Khan ,&nbsp;Muhammad Amin","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study develops a Bayesian approach for estimating the unknown parameters of the 3-component mixture of geometric (3-CMG) model under a doubly type-I censoring scheme <strong>(</strong>DT1CS<strong>)</strong>. The derivations of the Bayes estimators (BEs) and Bayes risks (BRs) are presented under square error loss function (SELF), precautionary loss function (PLF) and DeGroot loss function (DLF) using Beta prior under DT1CS. The strategy is evaluated through extensive simulation and real-life data analysis, showing the strength and efficiency of the newly proposed model. The study recommends that the SELF is the optimal choice for accurately estimating the unknown parameters of the 3-CMG model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"Article 100339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In silico analysis of point mutation (c.687dupC; p. Met230Hisfs∗6) in PGAM2 gene that causes Glycogen Storage Disease (GSD) Type X","authors":"Ayesha Abid ,&nbsp;Eman Nasir ,&nbsp;Hassaan Mehboob Awan","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glycogen storage disease (GSD) type X is an autosomal recessive disorder that affects skeletal muscles and is caused by PGAM-2 (Phosphoglycerate Mutase-2) enzyme deficiency. This deficiency is due to a mutation in the PGAM-2 gene at chromosome number 7p13. A novel insertion mutation (c.687dupC) was reported recently in the Pakistani population. This study aimed to computationally study the effect of that mutation at the molecular level. Several <em>in silico</em> approaches were employed to understand the molecular mechanism behind PGAM2 enzyme deficiency. Modeling the wild-type and mutant PGAM2 protein revealed an absence of an alpha helix from the c-terminus. Binding site analysis showed the absence of a critical residue, Lysine-100, from the mutant. Moreover, changes in the binding affinities, intramolecular interactions, and intermolecular interactions were also observed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"Article 100344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bayesian estimation under different loss functions for the case of inverse Rayleigh distribution","authors":"Ferra Yanuar ,&nbsp;Muhammad Iqbal ,&nbsp;Dodi Devianto ,&nbsp;Aidinil Zetra ,&nbsp;Yudiantri Asdi ,&nbsp;Ridhatul Ilahi ,&nbsp;Ridha Fadila Sani","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the best parameter estimator for the scale parameter <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>θ</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> of the inverse Rayleigh distribution was determined based on a comparison of the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) method, the Bayesian generalized squared error loss function (SELF), the Bayesian linear exponential loss function (LINEX LF), and the Bayesian entropy loss function (ELF). The prior distribution chosen was the non-informative prior, namely the Jeffrey prior, and the informative prior using the exponential distribution. The estimator evaluation method used was based on the smallest value of the Akaike information criterion (AIC), corrected Akaike information criterion (AICc), and Bayesian information criterion (BIC). Based on simulation studies and real data, it was found that the best parameter estimator on the data for the scale parameter <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>θ</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> of the inverse Rayleigh distribution is the Bayes ELF prior exponential <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mover><mi>θ</mi><mo>ˆ</mo></mover><mrow><mi>E</mi><mi>E</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"Article 100343"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative synthesis and performance enhancement of yttria-stabilized zirconia nanocrystals via hydrothermal method with Uncaria gambir Roxb. leaf extract as a capping agent","authors":"Zulhadjri ,&nbsp;Alfir Rizki ,&nbsp;Yulia Eka Putri ,&nbsp;Tio Putra Wendari ,&nbsp;Nandang Mufti ,&nbsp;Henry Setiyanto ,&nbsp;Muhammad Safwan Aziz","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is a ceramic material with versatile applications, yet its synthesis and performance improvements remain essential. This study introduces an innovative hydrothermal synthesis method with pH control and <em>Uncaria gambir</em> Roxb. leaf extract as a bio-capping agent for YSZ nanocrystals with the composition Zr_0.92Y_0.08O_1.96. Structural analysis revealed that the capping agent led to a single-phase cubic structure, enhancing YSZ stability and performance. Scanning electron micrographs showed improved particle homogeneity and reduced agglomeration in the presence of the bio-capping agent. Infrared spectroscopy highlighted the vibrational features of YSZ, including O–Y–O and Zr(Y)–O bonds. The bio-capping agent significantly affected YSZ ionic conductivity and activation energy for ionic migration. These findings underscore the potential of utilizing <em>Uncaria gambir</em> Roxb. leaf extract as a bio-capping agent to enhance the structural stability and ionic conductivity of YSZ nanocrystals, with implications for applications in solid oxide fuel cells and other ionic transport systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"Article 100342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viruses infecting soybean and molecular characterization of soybean mosaic virus isolates in the Black Sea Region of Turkiye","authors":"Ilyas Deligoz ,&nbsp;Mehmet A. Sevik ,&nbsp;Nazli D. Kutluk Yilmaz","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many viruses are known to infect and damage soybean (<em>Glycine max</em>) around the world. To detect viruses and determine their incidence, surveys were conducted in soybean fields in Samsun province located in the northern part of Türkiye for four consecutive years from 2014 to 2017. Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) were detected in soybeans after analyzing 444 leaf samples by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). SMV was the most prevalent virus, with an average of 13.9%, followed by CMV (3.6%), and SMV + CMV (0.9%) in this study. However, alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV), and tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) were not detected in any of the soybean samples tested. In this study, four SMV-infected samples were selected according to their location and the SMV isolates were molecularly analyzed based on P3 cistrons. Results showed that all SMV isolates were the same at the amino acid level in terms of P3 amino acid sequence when those isolates were compared. The BLAST analysis of the P3 cistron of the Turkish SB20, SC25, and STK1 isolates showed that they were most closely related to the German Salzlandkreis-2_17 isolate (99.71–99.62% nucleotide identity; 100% amino acid identity, respectively), while the other isolate, STR2, was more similar to the Iranian Ar33 and Lo3 isolates, the German Salzlandkreis-2_17, and the Dutch Summer Shell isolates (99.62% nucleotide identity; 100% amino acid identity, respectively). To our knowledge, this is the first report for SMV and CMV infection in soybean plants in the Black Sea Region and the first molecular characterization of SMV isolates in Türkiye.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"Article 100340"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A reappraisal of Mesozoic-Cenozoic sequence stratigraphy in Offshore Indus Basin, Pakistan","authors":"Tanveer Ahmed ,&nbsp;Khaista Rehman ,&nbsp;Muhammad Iqbal Hajana ,&nbsp;Sajjad Ahmed ,&nbsp;Syed Haroon Ali ,&nbsp;Qamar Yasin","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Offshore Indus Basin is a passive continental margin and a frontier zone for hydrocarbon exploration based on structural and stratigraphic features observed on seismic data. In this study, the seismic and biostratigraphic framework is established using seismic data, geophysical well logs, along with biostratigraphic information to define the depositional sequences in the study region. A re-examination of the seismic data exhibits normal faults and a total of six seismic sequences ranging from Cretaceous to Quaternary. <em>Nummulites atacicus</em>, <em>Nummulites globulus</em>, <em>Discocyclina</em> sp., <em>Miscellanea miscella</em>, and <em>Ranikothalia</em> sp. are the major identified fauna in the Karachi South A1 well (2030–2724 m). The <em>Miscellanea miscella, Ranikothalia</em>, and <em>Discocyclina</em> sp. ages range from 55 to 56.5, 55–59, and 55–59 Ma respectively. Employing biostratigraphy, <em>Ranikothalia</em>/<em>Miscellanea miscella</em>/<em>Discocyclina</em> biozone (55–59 Ma), a single sequence, a third order cycle of deposition and transgressive and highstand system tracts have been recognized in the Karachi South A1 well. Linking biostratigraphic results to seismic stratigraphy indicates that the strata located in the range of 2030–2724 m is of the Ranikot (Paleocene) Formation and has been previously given Eocene age rather than the Paleocene using vintage seismic data. The environment of deposition of the Ranikot Formation in the Karachi South A1 well is the subtidal environment of the middle-shelf (30–45m depth) setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"Article 100338"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review of spatial distribution modeling of plant species in mountainous environments: Implications for biodiversity conservation and climate change assessment","authors":"Sadaf Safdar ,&nbsp;Isma Younes ,&nbsp;Adeel Ahmad ,&nbsp;Srikumar Sastry","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Species Distribution Modelling (SDM) techniques, developed in the 1980s, have gained significant attention in recent years. These techniques are increasingly recognized as powerful tools to support forest management strategies in the context of climate change. This study presents a comprehensive literature review of SDM techniques in mountainous environments, utilizing remote sensing techniques and data. Forty-one published papers were reviewed, covering 25 years (1997–2022). The review explores various SDM techniques, the use of remotely sensed data, accuracy assessments, environmental variables, and the limitations and challenges of species distribution modeling in mountainous environments across different spatial scales. The study revealed that the most widely used SDM techniques were Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt), Random Forest (RF), and Generalized Linear Models (GLMs), with recent studies emphasizing machine learning. We describe different modeling algorithms, including presence-only and presence/absence modeling algorithms, machine-learning algorithms, distance-based algorithms, and regression-based algorithms. This study presents the first global literature review of SDM techniques in mountainous environments, emphasizing the necessity of considering the uncertainties associated with climate change scenarios. This study also argues the strengths and limitations of SDM techniques in mountainous environments. Despite limitations of SDM techqniues, the study found an increasing trend in their application in mountainous environments. Finally, this review aims to provide a valuable resource for forest managers, researchers, practitioners, and policymakers employed in forest conservation in mountainous environments around the globe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"Article 100337"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The entropy-transformed Gompertz distribution: Distributional insights and cross-disciplinary utilizations","authors":"Tabassum Naz Sindhu ,&nbsp;Anum Shafiq ,&nbsp;Showkat Ahmad Lone ,&nbsp;Tahani A. Abushal","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel two-parameter continuous model titled the entropy-transformed Gompertz (ETGPZ) distribution has been developed via the entropy transform. A new framework has been investigated and found to meet the criteria of the probability function. By significantly improving the functional shape and having the ability to model the most likely form of the hazard rate function, this new modification has increased the adaptability of the typical distribution. Some of its core characteristics, such as its statistical and computational features, are clearly presented. A thorough simulation analysis has been done to examine the final behavior of maximum likelihood estimators while estimating model parameters. We assess the performance and practical applicability of the ETGPZ distribution using eight real datasets from engineering and biomedical fields. The results demonstrate that the ETGPZ outperforms the baseline Gompertz (GPZ) distribution, highlighting its superiority and broader potential for various applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"Article 100335"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}