Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal最新文献

{"title":"Dental morbidity in Russia","authors":"A. K. Salakhov, Салахов Альберт Кирамович, S. Ksembaev, Ксембаев Саид Сальменович, R. Baykeev, Байкеев Рустем Фрунзевич, E. Silagadze, Силагадзе Елена Мурмановна","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-713","url":null,"abstract":"At present, the most common dental diseases in most regions of Russia are caries, periodontal diseases, and dentofacial anomalies. A literature review was carried out on the prevalence of major dental diseases in Russian adult. The study aimed to analyze the literature on dental morbidity in Russia in the following areas: assessment of the prevalence, intensity, and treatment need of major dental diseases, depending on regional particularities, age, and sex differences. Caries and periodontal diseases are a major medical and social problem. The results of recent epidemiological studies have shown that almost the entire Russian adult has signs of these diseases. There is also a high rate of dental anomalies in children. The high prevalence of dental diseases indicates the need to strengthen the role of preventive work in the doctor's work. In conducting prevention program, it is important to consider the prevalence and intensity of major dental diseases which have pronounced regional particularities. Dental practice in recent years has shown that as a result of a targeted and effective preventive program, you can significantly reduce the level of dental morbidity.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87424421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare lethal complication of larynxopharynx injuries by a foreign body","authors":"A. V. Fedin, Федин Андрей Викторович, V. S. Poyarkova, Пояркова Валерия Станиславовна, L. A. Aschina, Ащина Людмила Андреевна, N. Shkurova, Шкурова Наталья Александровна","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-570","url":null,"abstract":"A lethal complication of laryngopharynx injuries by foreign bodies is a rare phenomenon. Among foreign ­bodies are ingested together with food, fishbones are the most common. They can injure the mucous membrane of the larynx and pharynx due to the sharp edges, thereby causing inflammation, resulting in edema occurs, hyperemia and increased pain. Besides, foreign bodies can provoke complications such as bleeding, cervical phlegmon, subcutaneous emphysema, esophageal perforation, sepsis and others, which can lead to the death of patients. Howe­ver, due to timely diagnosis, according to the scientific literature, such cases are extremely rare. Because the visualization of foreign bodies in the area of the larynx is difficult (especially when localized in the pyriform sinuses), laryngoscopy is used for diagnosis. Moreover, in some cases, X-ray examination and computed tomography are indicated. The paper presents a clinical observation of a 57-year-old patient M., whose cause of death was a rare complication of laryngopharynx injuries with a fishbone. When the patient was admitted to the department, the basic clinical diagnosis was established: laryngopharyngeal injury complicated by right parapharyngeal abscess. The patient underwent antibacterial, infusion, anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive therapy. At 20 hours after hospital admission, the patient had an abrupt loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest, then death. Based on the clinical picture, it was concluded that pulmonary thromboembolism was the probable cause of death. The ­autopsy revealed injury of the right external jugular vein, as a result of which develop thrombophlebitis, and then pulmonary artery thromboembolism, which caused the patient's death. No similar clinical descriptions were found in the available scientific literature.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74408077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The features of the intrafascicular structure of the thoracodorsal nerve trunk in terms of ­restoring afferent innervation in breast reconstruction","authors":"N. S. Gorbunov, K. Kober, E. V. Kasparov, E. N. Protasyuk","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-519","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To study of anatomical and topographic features and the intrafascicular structure of the thoracodorsal nerve trunk in the brachial plexus. Methods. The study was performed on the brachial plexus preparations of 80 male and female corpses. Short and long branches, secondary bundles, primary trunks, spinal nerves, anterior and posterior roots of the spinal cord were layer-by-layer anatomically prepared from brachial plexus. The angles of inclination from the arising site of the thoracodorsal nerve, the topography throughout and after entering the latissimus dorsi muscle were studied. The length and thickness of the thoracodorsal nerve, including the extramuscular and intramuscular parts, were measured. ­After isolation and fixation of the preparations, intrafascicular dissection of the thoracodorsal nerve was performed throughout the brachial plexus, by using microsurgical instruments and a binocular magnifier. Results. The length of the thoracodorsal nerve consists of extramuscular and intramuscular parts and was equal to 17.9 cm, of which the extra-muscular part was three-quarters of the total length of the nerve. The nerve trunk dissection revealed that the thoracodorsal nerve consists of 1–4 nerve fascicles and most frequently, in 46.2% of preparations, the thoracodorsal nerve arises from the C 7 nerve root. The presence of motor and sensory portions of nerve fibers in the thoracodorsal nerve was found. In 90.2% of the preparations, the motor portion was located in the posterior-lateral part of the nerve and sensory in the anterior-medial. In most cases, both the sensory and motor fas­cicles arose from C 7 , or motor fascicle from C 7 and sensory from C 8 . Conclusion. The intrafascicular dissection of the thoracodorsal nerve revealed microtopography of the sensitive and motor portions of nerve fibers in the nerve and along the entire length of the brachial plexus; in breast reconstruction, after mastectomy with thoracodorsal flap for the preservation of afferent innervation, it is recommended to cross only motor fibers of the thoracodorsal nerve.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80133806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination therapy in the integrated treatment of recurrent chronic cystitis","authors":"D. R. Sayapova, Саяпова Динара Равильевна, A. Zubkov, Зубков Алексей Юрьевич","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-603","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To assess the results of the integrated treatment of women with recurrent chronic cystitis using the selective β3-adrenoreceptor (AR) agonist, mirabegron. Methods. The results of the treatment of women diagnosed with recurrent chronic cystitis in the urological cli­nic of KSMU were analyzed. The average age of patients was 31.5±3.4 years. To assess the effectiveness of integra­ted treatment, women with recurrent chronic cystitis were randomly divided into two groups: the first group (30 patients) who received antibiotic therapy in combination with the drug mirabegron at a dose of 50 mg once a day and the second (control) group (30 patients), who received antibiotic therapy taking into account their susceptibility. All patients underwent ultrasonography of the genitourinary system, urodynamic studies with assessment of the ma­ximum urinary flow, average urinary flow, bacterial urine cultures. Results. Analysis of the research results showed a greater reduction in the number of urinations per day (up to 7 times) in the first group. The frequency of urinary urgency decreased in 82.6% of the first group patients compared to 64% of the second group (p <0.05). In the combination therapy versus control groups, there was reduced hospital stay by an average of 4 days (11.2 vs 15 days; p <0.05). On the 15th day of treatment, control cystoscopy revealed no changes in the bladder mucosa in all patients of the first group. Also, in the first group of patients, there was a greater improvement in urodynamic parameters compared to the control group (p <0.05). Conclusion. The selective β3-AR agonist mirabegron used in the integrated treatment of recurrent chronic cystitis increases the effectiveness of the therapy.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85768190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recommendations for the prevention and correction of thrombotic complications in COVID-19","authors":"S. Safiullina, R. Litvinov","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-485","url":null,"abstract":"The new coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19) is characterized by a high frequency of thrombotic complications varying from venous or, more rarely, arterial thrombosis to the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and/or diffuse pulmonary vascular microthrombosis, which aggravates the disease and becomes one of the leading causes of deaths. Timely and personalized anticoagulant thromboprophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparins may prevent a severe course of the disease and improve outcomes. This applies to outpatients, hospitalized patients and patients in the early post hospital period. In the future, to develop comprehensive and evidence-based guidelines on the management of patients with COVID-19, it is necessary to conduct comprehensive systematic studies and comparative clinical trials of prophylaxis and treatment of hemostatic disorders in patients with COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88003049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The General page of the glorious history","authors":"G. Isaeva, Исаева Гузель Шавхатовна","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-622","url":null,"abstract":"The article was prepared for the 100th anniversary of the Department of Microbiology named after academician V.M. Aristovsky of Kazan state medical university and the 120th anniversary of the Kazan Scientific research institute of epidemiology and microbiology. The paper presents the main stages of the general history of the Department of Microbiology of KSMU and the Kazan bacteriological institute (later — KNIIEM), highlights the formation of the Kazan school of microbiologists, provides brief biographical information of employees of the Department of Microbiology, whose activities were also associated with KNIIEM. The article was prepared using primary sour­ces: publications, the recollections of the employees of the Department of Microbiology and KNIIEM, documents from the archives of KSMU and KNIIEM, as well as the National archives of the Republic of Tatarstan, publications of the colleagues of the Department of Microbiology Military medical Academy and Stavropol state medical university. The main scientific achievements of representatives of the Kazan school of microbiologists, their scientific contribution to the development of microbiology and the current state of educational and scientific work of the department are described.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81620187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endovascular biometrics and engineering","authors":"R. Goloshchapov-Aksenov, Голощапов-Аксёнов Роман Сергеевич, D. Kicha, Кича Дмитрий Иванович","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-507","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To study technical problems in the provision of endovascular care and to develop technological solutions for its improvement based on endovascular biometry. Methods. For the period 2015–2019 an expert analysis of the results of endovascular treatment of 1546 patients with chronic lower limb ischemia was performed, in which it was not possible to perform lower limb revascularization according to the standard method using a guide catheter, guidewire and balloon catheter. The expert group inclu­ded 5 interventional radiologists who performed endovascular procedures. The results were assessed by the effectiveness of revascularization using the developed innovative technology from a system of catheters of various diameters and stiffness in comparison with the results of using standard endovascular technique. Calculation of adequate statistical indicators and their reliability were undertaken using Statistica software (version 6.0). Results. The “critical” and “weak” zones of the vascular bed were identified for the first time to substantiate the development of a technology for safe and effective endovascular revascularization. It has been established that technical difficulties in catheterization of vessels create the prevalence of atherosclerotic lesions and the limited technical capabilities of catheters and guidewires, which are manipulated under the conditions of increasing high friction with the vessel wall caused by tortuosity and atherosclerosis, the presence of “weak” and “critical” zones of the blood vessels, as well as a significant distance from the surgeon's hands to the area of medical manipulation, ­reaching 130–200 cm. The developed innovative design from the catheter system ensured the effectiveness of endovascular lower limb revascularization in all patients (100%) using the femoral and brachial accesses compare to the standard technique of endovascular care (p <0.001). Conclusion. Endovascular instruments offered on the domestic market do not guarantee the effective completion of revascularization. The technology of vascular catheterization developed based on endovascular biometry ensures the successful completion of revascularization in 100% of cases.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91254232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The bright diamond in the crown of Professor Gruzdev scientific school for 100th anniversary of Kazan State Medical Academy and obstetrical-gynecological hospital","authors":"L. A. Kozlov, Козлов Лев Александрович, N. V. Yakovlev, Яковлев Никита Владимирович","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-609","url":null,"abstract":"Because of the 100th anniversary of Kazan State Medical Academy and obstetrical-gynecological hospital, this article present outstanding scientific achievements of the first head of the department, Professor A.I. Timofeev, who was an apprentice to professor V.S. Gruzdev. Historical and literature study of primary materials was used as the method of research. In April 2020, Kazan State Medical Academy (formerly the State Institute of Advanced Me­dical Training) celebrated its 100th anniversary. Organization of work of the gynecology-obstetrics department and hospital fell on the shoulders of Professor Alexander Ignatievich Timofeev, who was an apprentice to Professor V.S. Gruzdev. The article reflects three shining moments from his working life, which made the Kazan school of obstetricians and gynecologists famous. Throughout the 19th century, scientists were seeking to answer the question of corpus luteum originating: from the connective or epithelial tissues. Professor Gruzdev has suggested that the source needs to be granulosa cells. His student, Professor Timofeev, carefully performed histological preparations finally established in 1913 that granular cells are the genesis of the human corpus luteum originated, and bring these centennial scientific disputes to an end. In 1925, Professor Timofeev was the first in the USSR to perform surgery under local infiltration anesthesia in Kazan. His publication of the results of observation in 1928 was the beginning of the further study and implementation of local infiltration anesthesia by the method of Professor A.V. Vishnevsky (“creeping infiltration method”) in obstetrics and gynecology. For 30 years, this method of analgesia was dominant and gave way only with the development of anesthesiology and resuscitation. In 1928, he, together with professor Gruzdev, report on cesarean section at the 8th All-Union Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists “laid the foundation” for a wider study of Caesarean section in the USSR, the result of which was genera­lized in 1979. International recognition of the epithelial nature of the corpus luteum alone deserves a monument; the school of Kazan doctors of obstetrician-gynecologists honors the memory of the outstanding apprentice to professor V.S. Gruzdev — A.I. Timofeev.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87750016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The practice in applying and ways to improve criteria for establishing the degree of occupational disability in the territory of the Russian Federation","authors":"M. Sevastianov, Севастьянов Михаил Александрович, G. Penina, Пенина Галина Олеговна, I. Dedeneva, Деденева Ирина Владимировна, N. Chistyakova, Чистякова Наталья Петровна, I. Bozhkov, Божков Игорь Александрович","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-544","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To assess the practice in applying “Temporary criteria of determination of extent of loss of professional wor­king capacity” currently in force in various constituent entities of the Russian Federation and to substantiate the main directions for their improvement. Methods. The analysis of expert decisions to establish the degree of occupational disability, adopted in the pe­riod from 2015 to 2017, was carried out in 77 subjects of the Russian Federation for two nosological forms: (1) consequences of lower limb injuries (T93) and (2) bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (H83.3). A comparative analysis of expert decisions made using current and proposed by the authors’ criteria in 2 constituent entities of the Russian Federation in 2018 was carried out. For data analysis, we used descriptive statistics methods. Results. Taking into account a high variability in expert decisions making in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for similar cases (coefficient of variation 21.6%), the authors conclude that it is necessary to change approaches to the methodology for assessing the type of professional activity (qualifications, quality and volume of work, ability to perform it). Using the authors propose criteria based on the concept of reasonable accommodation allowed us to significantly reduce the variability of the decisions made in the “pilot” regions, the coefficient of variation decreased from 21.25 to 7.43%. Conclusion. High variability of decisions made during the examination of the degree of occupational disability is associated with the imperfection of the methods and criteria for assessing the victim's professional activities; the use of the criteria proposed by the authors allows for a higher reproducibility of the results of the examinations.","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81772124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In memory of Professor Geoffrey Burnstock","authors":"A. Ziganshin, Зиганшин Айрат Усманович","doi":"10.17816/kmj2020-633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-633","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17798,"journal":{"name":"Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89416647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}