Economic Perspectives on Employment & Labor Law eJournal最新文献_第7页

Does Labour Market Intervention Lead to Unemployment? What the Data Show 劳动力市场干预会导致失业吗?数据显示了什么

Economic Perspectives on Employment & Labor Law eJournal Pub Date : 2011-07-21 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1913605

Prabirjit Sarkar

引用次数: 0

The Labor Market Impact of Employer Health Benefit Mandates: Evidence from San Francisco&Apos;S Health Care Security Ordinance 雇主健康福利规定对劳动力市场的影响:来自旧金山医疗保障条例的证据

Economic Perspectives on Employment & Labor Law eJournal Pub Date : 2011-07-01 DOI: 10.3386/W17198

C. Colla, W. Dow, Arindrajit Dubé

{"title":"The Labor Market Impact of Employer Health Benefit Mandates: Evidence from San Francisco&Apos;S Health Care Security Ordinance","authors":"C. Colla, W. Dow, Arindrajit Dubé","doi":"10.3386/W17198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/W17198","url":null,"abstract":"A key issue surrounding employer benefit mandates is the incidence on workers through wages and employment. In this paper, we address this question using a pay-or-play policy implemented in San Francisco in 2008 that requires employers to either provide health benefits or contribute to a public option health plan. We estimate the impact on employment and earnings for the private sector overall, as well as for high impact sectors: retail and accommodation and food services. We develop a novel approach for individual case studies by combining both spatial discontinuity in policies and permutation-type inference using other MSAs. We find that, compared to control counties, employment and earnings patterns in San Francisco did not change appreciably following the policy. This was true for industries most affected by the mandate, as well as for overall private sector employment. The results are generally robust to inclusion of different control groups, county-specific time trends, and varying pre-periods. In contrast to the small effects on the labor market, we do find that about 25% of surveyed restaurants imposed customer surcharges, with the median surcharge being 4% of the bill. These results indicate that while little of the burden of the mandate fell on San Francisco workers, approximately half of the incidence of the mandate fell on consumers.","PeriodicalId":177971,"journal":{"name":"Economic Perspectives on Employment & Labor Law eJournal","volume":"8 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113976874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

The Impact of Bologna Process on the Graduate Labour Market: Demand and Supply 博洛尼亚进程对毕业生劳动力市场的影响:需求与供给

Economic Perspectives on Employment & Labor Law eJournal Pub Date : 2011-06-28 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1872737

G. Bosio, M. Leonardi

引用次数: 24

Mandated Severance Pay and Firing Cost Distortions: A Critical Review of the Evidence 强制遣散费与解雇成本扭曲:对证据的批判性回顾

Economic Perspectives on Employment & Labor Law eJournal Pub Date : 2011-06-20 DOI: 10.1596/9780821388495_ch03

D. O. Parsons

引用次数: 18

An Analysis of the Poor Performance of Recent Immigrants and Some Observations on Immigration Policy 新移民的不良表现分析及对移民政策的几点观察

Economic Perspectives on Employment & Labor Law eJournal Pub Date : 2011-06-05 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1734919

P. Grady

{"title":"An Analysis of the Poor Performance of Recent Immigrants and Some Observations on Immigration Policy","authors":"P. Grady","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1734919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1734919","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the poor performance of recent immigrants to Canada in the labour market as revealed in the Statistics Canada Census 2006 Public Use Microdata File (PUMF). It presents the data which shows that immigrants from less developed countries are doing much worse than immigrants from industrialized countries. And unlike previous studies, it focuses on why immigrants from particular countries and regions do worse than others, rather on a comparison with non-immigrants. Using regression analysis it shows that key explanatory variable for the poor performance of recent immigrants are their education, their visible minority status, their language skills, their occupations, and their countries of origin. A profiling of immigrants who have done better than non-immigrant Canadians suggests that the performance of immigrants could be improved by utilizing information from the Census on the characteristics of immigrants who succeed in labour markets to improve the selection criteria and distribution of points used in the current scoring system to choose immigrants, but this would leave untouched the problem of the underperformance of immigrants who are not selected under the point system. This paper reaffirms and updates to 2005 our knowledge that the earnings in immigrants varies significantly by country of origin and that language and the portability of education credentials is a contributing factor. It concludes with some observations on the implications of its analysis for immigration policy.","PeriodicalId":177971,"journal":{"name":"Economic Perspectives on Employment & Labor Law eJournal","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134548911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Partisan Politics and Bureaucratic Encroachment: The Principles and Policies of Pension Reserve Fund Design and Governance 党派政治与官僚侵蚀:养老金公积金设计与治理的原则与政策

Economic Perspectives on Employment & Labor Law eJournal Pub Date : 2011-05-27 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1854343

G. Clark, Ashby H. B. Monk

{"title":"Partisan Politics and Bureaucratic Encroachment: The Principles and Policies of Pension Reserve Fund Design and Governance","authors":"G. Clark, Ashby H. B. Monk","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1854343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1854343","url":null,"abstract":"In an era of population aging and increasing fiscal pressures on nation-states, pension reserve funds have been mooted as effective investment vehicles for realizing future liabilities and achieving some balance between generations. Nonetheless, concerns have been raised that partisan political interests combined with bureaucratic encroachment are likely to adversely affect fund performance. In this paper, we consider the issue of design and governance beginning with broader issues of institutional legitimacy and autonomy before looking more closely at the management of these institutions with respect to holding partisan politics and bureaucratic encroachment at bay. We suggest a set of six core principles of design and another set of six policies of governance and management that we believe are essential to the functional performance of such institutions. These principles and policies are derived from previous research on pension fund governance and detailed analysis of four pension reserve funds that offer lessons for best practice. These principles and policies are not intended to provide funds with an absolute claim for independence; rather, the design and governance of these institutions should facilitate an effective and symmetrical relationship between the institution and its sovereign sponsor. These arguments are developed with reference to changing global financial markets, and the fact that the financial assets of these institutions are increasingly seen in the context of nation-states’ total balance sheets of assets and liabilities.","PeriodicalId":177971,"journal":{"name":"Economic Perspectives on Employment & Labor Law eJournal","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126293463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Some Think of the Future: Internet, Electronic, and Telephonic Labor Representation Elections 一些人对未来的看法:互联网、电子和电话劳动代表选举

Economic Perspectives on Employment & Labor Law eJournal Pub Date : 2011-05-08 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1625328

Sara J. Slinn, William A. Herbert

{"title":"Some Think of the Future: Internet, Electronic, and Telephonic Labor Representation Elections","authors":"Sara J. Slinn, William A. Herbert","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1625328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1625328","url":null,"abstract":"Amid the scholarly dialogue regarding amending labor certification procedures, there have been calls for the adoption of internet, electronic and/or telephonic representation voting (IETV) procedures in representation elections. To date, most labor relations agencies in the United States and Canada have not implemented IETV. Three notable exceptions are the National Mediation Board (NMB) and the Federal Labor Relations Authority (FLRA) in the United States, and the Canada Industrial Relations Board (CIRB). This article explores the strengths and weaknesses of IETV and the potential for wider adoption of this technology in the representation election context. The article examines NMB’s rationale in adopting IETV, and its experience with this new election format. Insights and experiences from interview participants provide a fuller examination of the prospects and pitfalls of IETV than previous research. The primary rationale for adopting IETV has been premised on pragmatic administrative decision-making, rather than minimizing employer and union interference in voting. Findings also show that IETV has been adopted as a substitute for mail-ballot elections, and not as a replacement for manual elections. These findings have implications for extending the adoption of IETV to other labor relations agencies. This article posits that while IETV is an important innovation in the representation electoral process, it is too early for there to be universal adoption of the format without additional research and experimentation. In experimenting with IETV, the focus should be on determining whether IETV fulfills the fundamental purpose of a representation election: to accurately reflect whether or not employees in a unit wish to be represented by the applicant union. Moreover, in introducing IETV, an agency must explore new means of communicating with unit employees aimed at maximizing participation under the new election format.","PeriodicalId":177971,"journal":{"name":"Economic Perspectives on Employment & Labor Law eJournal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115849098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Impact of Active Labour Market Policy on Post-Unemployment Outcomes: Evidence from a Social Experiment in Denmark 积极的劳动力市场政策对失业后结果的影响:来自丹麦社会实验的证据

Economic Perspectives on Employment & Labor Law eJournal Pub Date : 2011-04-18 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1812476

Sylvie Blasco, M. Rosholm

引用次数: 28

Reconciling the Evidence of Card and Krueger (1994) and Neumark and Wascher (2000) 卡德与克鲁格(1994)与纽马克与沃舍尔(2000)证据的调和

Economic Perspectives on Employment & Labor Law eJournal Pub Date : 2011-04-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1829847

O. Ropponen

引用次数: 22

The Labor Supply Effects of Disability Insurance: Evidence from Automatic Conversion Using Administrative Data 伤残保险的劳动力供给效应:来自行政数据自动转换的证据

Economic Perspectives on Employment & Labor Law eJournal Pub Date : 2011-04-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1825964

Nicole Maestas, Jae Song

{"title":"The Labor Supply Effects of Disability Insurance: Evidence from Automatic Conversion Using Administrative Data","authors":"Nicole Maestas, Jae Song","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1825964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1825964","url":null,"abstract":"We analyze a natural experiment generated by the interaction of the Social Security DI and OA programs at Full Retirement Age, when DI beneficiaries are automatically converted from the DI program to the OA retired worker program. At conversion benefit payments continue unchanged, however the DI program’s high implicit marginal tax rate on earnings is abruptly relaxed. We use administrative Social Security data for the universe of primary worker DI beneficiaries from the 1934-1942 birth cohorts observed in panel over the period of 1995-2008. Our estimates imply that the DI program depresses labor supply among even the oldest DI beneficiaries. In the context of the literature to date that has sought to establish an upper bound on the earnings losses caused by the presence of the DI program by using quasi-experimental variation occurring at the program entry margin, our use of quasi-experimental variation arising from the program exit margin, when individuals are already in their mid-60s and the dominant trend in labor force participation in the population at large is downward, suggests that our estimates are most appropriately viewed as a lower bound estimate of the residual work capacity of all beneficiaries.","PeriodicalId":177971,"journal":{"name":"Economic Perspectives on Employment & Labor Law eJournal","volume":"359 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115883997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3