Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia最新文献

{"title":"PENGARUH ELISITOR KITOSAN TERHADAP KANDUNGAN WITHANOLID TUNAS IN VITRO AKSESI TANAMAN Physalis angulata DARI PULAU MADURA","authors":"R. Mastuti, J. Batoro, B. Waluyo","doi":"10.22435/JTOI.V14I1.4301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/JTOI.V14I1.4301","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000Chitosan is often applied to in vitro culture systems to induce the biosynthesis of a plant's secondary metabolites. The accumulation and profile of secondary metabolites of the same plant species growing in different environments can vary. This study aims to identify and measure withanolide compounds of in vitro shoots of Physalis angulata accessions. Samples obtained from three regions in Madura Island, namely Sampang (A1), Sumenep (A2 and A4), and Pamekasan (A5). Withanolide compounds of in vitro shoots derived from different types of explants after treated with chitosan were also identified and measured. In vitro nodal and apical shoot explants were used for shoot induction on MS medium + BAP 2 mg/L + 0.05 mg/L IAA. In vitro shoots were elicited for six weeks in the shoot induction medium supplemented with 125 mg/L chitosan. Subsequently, in vitro culture of shoots regenerated from explants of nodal (B) and apical shoots (C) without (B1) and with (B2 and C) elicitation of chitosan were extracted and analyzed by HPLC to detect and measure the withanolide compounds. In vitro shoot extracts from all regions contained 38 types of withanolide compounds. The level of the withanolide compound in each region was different. Chitosan increased withanolide levels in vitro shoots regenerated from nodal explant A1, A2, and A4. The withanolide level in vitro shoot regenerated from apical shoot explants A1 and A4 were higher than that in A2 and A5. These results indicated that the in vitro shoots of P. angulata plant accession in Sampang, Sumenep, and Pamekasan had different levels of withanolide. Chitosan was able to increase the accumulation of withanolide compounds in vitro shoots of P. angulata. The types of explants showed different responses in the synthesis and accumulation of withanolide. This study showed that in vitro systems can be used to produce P. angulata plants and increase the level of withanolides compounds. These results indicated that the use of the in vitro system was able to supply P. angulata and withanolide production to support  the supply of traditional medicine raw material. \u0000 Keywords: accession, chitosan, elicitor, Physalis, withanolides \u0000ABSTRAK \u0000Elisitor kitosan sering digunakan pada tanaman untuk menginduksi biosintesis senyawa metabolit sekunder secara in vitro. Akumulasi dan profil senyawa metabolit sekunder spesies tanaman sama yang tumbuh di lingkungan berbeda dapat bervariasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengukur senyawa withanolid pada tunas in vitro aksesi Physalis angulata yang diperoleh dari tiga wilayah di Pulau Madura, yaitu Sampang (A1), Sumenep (A2 dan A4) dan Pamekasan (A5). Senyawa withanolid pada tunas in vitro yang berasal dari jenis eksplan yang berbeda setelah dielisitasi dengan kitosan juga diidentifikasi dan diukur. Eksplan nodus dan tunas apikal in vitro digunakan untuk induksi tunas pada medium MS + BAP 2 mg/L + IAA 0,05 mg/L. Tunas in vitro dielisitasi selama enam ming","PeriodicalId":17794,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia","volume":"44 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90971745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ETHNOMEDICINE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS USED BY TRADITIONAL HEALERS TO FACILITATE BONE INJURY HEALING IN WEST KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA","authors":"F. Mustofa, N. Rahmawati, S. Saryanto","doi":"10.22435/JTOI.V14I1.4766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/JTOI.V14I1.4766","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000Medicinal plants have been used to facilitate bone injury healing in many communities. West Kalimantan is rich in diversity of medicinal plants and local wisdom owned by ethnic groups. As forest destruction is getting increases, it leads to the extinction of certain medicinal plant species there. Thus, it is crucial to document plant species with medicinal properties and traditional knowledge as valuable information passed down by generation. A semi-structured questionnaire was employed to interview 51 traditional healers from 28 ethnic groups that were selected by purposive sampling method. Field observation and specimen collection were carried out for botanical identification. A quantitative analysis was calculated to obtain plant proportion, Use Value (UV), Family Use Value (FUV), and Informant’s Consensus Factor (ICF). The result revealed there were 134 plant species of 53 botanical families from eight districts in West Kalimantan. Eleven species of plants reported having UV of species at least 0.10 (5 citations). Zingiber officinale was the most frequently used species to facilitate bone injury (22 citations; UV=0.43). The botanical family with the highest number of species was Rubiaceae (13 species) and the highest level of Family Use Value-FUV was Acanthaceae (0.13). The Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) for facilitating bone injury was 0.48. Most of the therapy in this study administered externally (85.07%), used leaves (66.67%), and a mixture composition from several plants (93.28%). The evaluation is critically required to support the medicinal plant’s scientific evidence in facilitating bone injury for both local and global communities. Moreover, the traditional healers need education regarding conservation issues, since most of the plants are still obtained from the wild. \u0000Keywords: medicinal plants, traditional healer, bone injury, West Kalimantan \u0000ABSTRAK \u0000Tanaman obat telah banyak dimanfaatkan untuk mengatasi cedera tulang di berbagai komunitas di Indonesia. Kalimantan Barat kaya akan keanekaragaman tumbuhan obat dan kearifan lokal yang dimiliki oleh kelompok-kelompok etnisnya. Saat ini, kerusakan hutan dan alih fungsinya mengancam kepunahan beberapa spesies tanaman obat. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk mendokumentasikan jenis tumbuhan yang berkhasiat obat dan juga pengetahuan tradisional sebagai informasi berharga yang disampaikan secara turun temurun. Studi ini melibatkan 51 pengobat tradisional dari 28 kelompok etnis yang diseleksi secara purposive sampling. Pengamatan lapangan dan pengambilan spesimen dilakukan untuk keperluan identifikasi botani. Analisis kuantitatif dilakukan untuk mendapatkan proporsi tanaman, Use Value (UV), Family Use Value (FUV), dan Informant Consensus Factor (ICF). Studi ini mengungkapkan 134 spesies tanaman obat dari 53 familia yang terdapat pada delapan kabupaten di Kalimantan Barat. Sebelas spesies tanaman dilaporkan memiliki UV spesies setidaknya 0,10 (5 sitasi). Zingiber officinale merupaka","PeriodicalId":17794,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia","volume":"07 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85947914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDI AKTIVITAS ANTIPLATELET DAN ANTITROMBOSIS EKSTRAK AIR DAUN SUKUN (Artocarpus altilis (Park.) Fosberg)","authors":"Indah Hastuti, A. Nurrochmad, Ika Puspitasari, N. Fakhrudin","doi":"10.22435/JTOI.V14I1.4227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/JTOI.V14I1.4227","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000The mature breadfruit leaves (Artocarpus altilis) infusion has been traditionally used by Indonesian folks for curing heart diseases and stroke. The key mechanisms underlying these diseases are platelet aggregation and thrombosis. There is no evidence about the efficacy of the water extract of A. altilis leaves (EADS) against platelet aggregation and thrombosis, in order to provide scientific evidence regarding its use by the community. This study aimed to investigate the antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities of EADS. Ticagrelor, an antiplatelet drug agonist of P2Y12 receptor was used as a positive control. The antiplatelet activity of EADS was assessed in vitro by Light Transmittance Aggregometry (LTA) method using human platelet induced by Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP); whereas the antithrombotic activity was evaluated in vivo using Acute Pulmonary Thromboembolism (APT) method in male adult Swiss mice induced by the mixture of epinephrine (0.7 mg/kg bw) and collagen (11 mg/kg bw). The number and the onset of dead and paralysis mice were observed; and the number of thrombus was calculated under the microscope. We found that EADS demonstrated a weak antiplatelet activity (IC50>1000 µg/mL). Based on the number and the onset of dead and/or paralysis, as well as the number of thrombus, we found that EADS failed to exhibit antithrombotic activity at the doses of 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg bw. TLC analysis showed that EADS did not contain 2-geranyl-2,3,4,4’-tetrahydroxydihydrochalcone (GTDC), the antiplatelet compound in the ethanolic extract of A. altilis leaves (EEDS) in our previous research. \u0000Keywords: Artocarpus altilis, platelet aggregation, antithrombotic, Light Transmittance Aggregometry, Acute Pulmonary Thromboembolism \u0000ABSTRAK \u0000Rebusan daun sukun yang sudah tua (Artocarpus altilis) secara tradisional digunakan oleh masyarakat Indonesia untuk mengobati penyakit jantung dan stroke. Agregasi platelet dan trombosis merupakan faktor penting pada patofisiologi kedua penyakit tersebut. Penelitian aktivitas  antiplatelet dan antitrombosis dari Ekstrak Air Daun Sukun (EADS) belum pernah dilaporkan.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas antiplatelet dan antitrombosis dari EADS guna memberikan bukti ilmiah terkait pemanfaatannya oleh masyarakat. Ticagrelor, obat antiplatelet yang merupakan agonis dari reseptor P2Y12 digunakan sebagai kontrol positif. Uji aktivitas antiplatelet dilakukan secara in vitro menggunakan metode Light Transmittance Aggregometry (LTA) dengan platelet yang diambil dari darah manusia dan digunakan induktor agregasi platelet berupa Adenosin Difosfat (ADP, 10µM). Parameter yang diamati adalah persen penghambatan agregasi platelet. Uji aktivitas antitrombosis dilakukan secara in vivo menggunakan metode Acute Pulmonary Thromboembolism (APT) pada mencit jantan dewasa galur Swiss dengan induktor trombosis berupa campuran epinefrin (0,7 mg/kgBB) dan kolagen (11 mg/kgBB). Parameter yang diamati adalah jumlah dan ons","PeriodicalId":17794,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80686494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL 70% DAUN YAKON (Smallanthus sonchifolius) TERHADAP KADAR GLIKOGEN HATI, GLIKOGEN OTOT DAN PENURUNAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH PADA HAMSTER HIPERGLIKEMIA DAN HIPERLIPIDEMIA","authors":"Dwitiyanti Dwitiyanti, N. Hikmawati, Anggitha Prameswari Putri, Novella Chulsum","doi":"10.22435/JTOI.V13I2.3015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/JTOI.V13I2.3015","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp.) H.Rob) leave has an effect on blood glucose level and lipid profiles in the alloxan-induced rat. This study aimed to determine the activity of ethanol extract of yacon leaves in increasing glycogen synthesis in the liver and muscles and decreasing blood glucose levels on hyperglycemic hamsters with a high-fat diet. Twenty-four of male Syrian hamsters divided into 6 groups consisting of normal control, negative control without treatment, positive control was given metformin (61.67 mg/kg), dose I group treatment that given extract at 180 mg/kg, dose II group treatment that given extract at 360 mg/kg, and dose III group treatment that given extract at 720 mg/kg. All groups were induced by alloxan monohydrate and high-fat diet, except for the normal control group. Blood glucose levels were measured using a clinical spectrophotometer. The glycogen deposits were added with 0,2% anthrone-sulfuric acid and measured using spectrophotometer UV-Vis. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and continued with the Tukey test. The ethanol extract of yacon leaves at 360 mg/kg and 720 mg/kg can increase glycogen synthesis in liver and muscle compare  to metformin (P>0,05), and also can decrease blood glucose levels on hamster by 53.32% and 57.81%, respectively which is comparable (P> 0.05) with metformin by 60.12%. \u0000Keywords: blood glucose level, liver, muscle, glycogen, Smallanthus sonchifolius \u0000ABSTRAK \u0000Daun yakon (Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp.) H.Rob) memiliki pengaruh terhadap kadar glukosa darah dan profil lipid pada tikus yang diinduksi aloksan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas ekstrak etanol daun yakon dalam meningkatkan sintesis glikogen di hati dan otot, serta menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pada hamster hiperglikemia dengan diet tinggi lemak. Penelitian ini menggunakan hamster Syrian jantan sebanyak 24 ekor yang dikelompokan menjadi 6 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol normal, kontrol negatif tanpa perlakuan, kontrol positif yang diberi metformin (61,67 mg/kg), kelompok ekstrak dosis I (180 mg/kg), ekstrak dosis II (360 mg/kg), dan ekstrak dosis III (720 mg/kg). Seluruh kelompok diinduksi aloksan monohidrat dan pakan tinggi lemak kecuali kelompok kontrol normal. Serum darah direaksikan dengan glucose liquicolor dan kadar glukosa darah diukur menggunakan spektrofotometer klinikal. Endapan glikogen ditambahkan dengan antrone-asam sulfat 0,2% dan diukur menggunakan spketrofotometer UV-Vis. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA satu arah dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey. Ekstrak etanol daun yakon dengan dosis 360 mg/kg dan 720 mg/kg dapat meningkatkan sintesis glikogen di hati dan otot hamster yang sebanding dengan metformin (P>0,05), serta dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah sebesar 53,3275% dan 57,8125% yang sebanding (P>0,05) dengan metformin sebesar 60,12%. \u0000Kata Kunci: kadar glukosa darah, hati, otot, glikogen, Smallanthus sonchifolius","PeriodicalId":17794,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78732580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI MINYAK SERAI DAPUR dan MINYAK ADAS pada Staphylococcus aureus di RUANG INAP RUMAH SAKIT","authors":"Khoirun Nisyak, S. Hartiningsih","doi":"10.22435/jtoi.v13i2.2227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/jtoi.v13i2.2227","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000Pathogenic microbial contamination is one of the causes of nosocomial infection in hospitals. Lemongrass oil and fennel oil are essential oils that are used as antimicrobials especially against Staphylococcus aureus. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of lemongrass oil and fennel oil against S. aureus isolated from Anwar Medika Sidoarjo hospital ward through the air diffusion method using essential oil diffuser. The compounds in lemongrass oil and fennel oil were analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer. The antibacterial activity test was conducted by the air capture method and continued with the Gram staining, catalase test, coagulase test, and calculation of the number of colonies. The results obtained from this study showed a decrease in the number of S. aureus colonies after the use of essential oils for 48 hours. Based on these results it can be concluded that lemongrass oil and fennel oil can suppress the growth of S. aureus bacteria isolated from hospital wards. \u0000 Keywords: antibacterial, lemongrass oil, fennel oil, S. aureus, hospital \u0000ABSTRAK \u0000Kontaminasi mikroba patogen adalah salah satu penyebab terjadinya infeksi nosokomial di rumah sakit. Minyak serai dapur dan minyak adas merupakan minyak atsiri yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai antimikroba khususnya pada bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri minyak serai dapur dan minyak adas terhadap S. aureus di ruang rawat inap rumah sakit melalui metode difusi udara dengan menggunakan Diffuser Essensial Oil.  Kandungan senyawa dalam minyak sereh dapur dan adas dianalisa dengan GC-MS. Analisa aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode tangkap udara dan dilanjutkan uji perhitungan jumlah koloni, pewarnaan Gram, uji katalase, dan uji koagulase. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukkan penurunan jumlah koloni S. aureus setelah penggunaan minyak atsiri dalam jangka waktu 48 jam. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa minyak serai dapur dan minyak adas memiliki kemampuan untuk menekan pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus dalam ruang perawatan inap rumah sakit kelas III. \u0000Kata kunci: antibakteri, minyak serai dapur, minyak adas, S.aureus, rumah sakit \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":17794,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75642886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFEKTIVITAS SIRUP EKSTRAK DAUN MURBEI (Morus alba L.) TERHADAP PENURUNAN ASAM URAT PADA MENCIT (Mus Musculus)","authors":"I. M. Kusuma, Amelia Febriani, Melva Novriana Saragih","doi":"10.22435/jtoi.v13i2.3023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/jtoi.v13i2.3023","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000Allopurinol is an isostatic uric acid drug. Long-term use of allopurinol may cause liver failure, hepatitis, diarrhea, constipation, nausea, vomiting, and eczema. Mulberry leaves extract at doses 250 (M250), 500 (M500), and 750 (M750) mg/kg of body weight known had effectiveness in decreasing uric acid levels in mice. This study aimed to know the physical stability and effectiveness of mulberry leaves extract syrup in reducing uric acid levels. Phytochemical screening was carried out to determine the class of compounds in the mulberry extract. The extract was then prepared into syrup formulation. Syrup preparations were examined for physical stability, included organoleptic, pH, homogeneity, and viscosity. The 24 mice, were induced hyperuricemia with fresh chicken liver. Mice were divided into 6 groups, i.e. mulberry leaves extract syrup M250, M500, M750, positive control allopurinol, negative control CMC Na, and control group. Blood uric acid levels were measured at 0, 60, and 90 minutes. The phytochemistry screening showed the extract contained alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, and terpenoid. The organoleptic test of mulberry leaves extracts syrup was liquid, green, sweet, pH 4.2-4.5, and homogeneous. The mulberry leaves extract syrup M250, M500, M750 significantly decreased uric acid levels compared to solvent treatment, respectively 32+4,3, 55+5,6, and 41+3,7%, while the allopurinol 62+2,0%, p>0.05. The mulberry leaves extract can be formulated into syrup dosage form and has good physical stability. \u0000 Keywords: uric acid, Morus alba, mulberry leaves syrup \u0000Allopurinol merupakan obat asam urat yang bersifat urikostatik. Penggunaan allopurinol jangka panjang dapat menyebabkan gagal hati, hepatitis, diare, konstipasi, mual, muntah dan eksim. Ekstrak daun murbei (M250), 500 (M500) dan 750 (M750) mg/kg BB diketahui dapat menurunkan kadar asam urat pada mencit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui stabilitas fisik sirup ekstrak daun murbei dan efektifitasnya dalam menurunkan kadar asam urat. Penapisan fitokimia dilakukan untuk mengetahui kandungan golongan kimia dalam ekstrak daun murbei. Ekstrak diformulasi menjadi sediaan sirup dan dilakukan pengujian organoleptik, pH, homogenitas dan viskositasnya. Sejumlah 24 mencit diinduksi hiperurisemia dengan memberikan hati ayam segar. Mencit hiperurisemia  kemudian dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok dengan perlakuan sirup ektrak daun M250, M500, M750, kontrol allopurinol dan Na CMC. Kadar asam urat darah diukur pada menit ke 0, 60 dan 90. Penapisan fitokimia menunjukkan ekstak daun murbei memiliki kandungan alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin dan terpenoid. Pengamatan organoleptik sirup ekstrak daun murbei berwujud cair, hijau, manis, pH4,2-4,5 dan bersifat homogen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sirup ekstrak daun murbei M250, M500, M750 menurunkan kadar asam urat secara signifikan dibandingkan perlakuan pelarut, berturut-turut sebesar 32+4,3, 55+5,6 dan 41+3,7%, sedangkan kelompok kontrol allopu","PeriodicalId":17794,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia","volume":"207 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76462213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SHORT COMMUNICATION: FIRST RECORD OF Aleurocanthus camelliae (Homoptera: aleyrodidae) IN INDONESIA, AN INVASIVE PEST ON VARIOUS MEDICINAL PLANTS","authors":"M. Adi, D. Susanti","doi":"10.22435/jtoi.v13i2.3869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/jtoi.v13i2.3869","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000Aleurocanthus camelliae was identified as a new species in 2011. The distribution of this species in worldwide is not widely known, including in Indonesia. These findings report the existence of A. camelliae in Indonesia as a new record based on morphological characters, previously identified as A. spiniferus. The study was carried out in August 2019 using an observation method in three locations with different altitudes around Mount Lawu. The result showed the species parasitized 13 medicinal plant species in two observation location (495 m asl and 1,200 m asl). Keywords: Aleurocanthus spiniferus, morphology, camellia spiny whitefly, invasive pest, medicinal plant. \u0000ABSTRAK \u0000Aleurocanthus camelliae diidentifikasi sebagai spesies baru telah dilakukan pada tahun 2011. Sebarannya diseluruh dunia belum banyak diketahui, termasuk di Indonesia. Laporan ini menyampaikan hasil pengamatan tentang keberadaan A. camelliae di Indonesia sebagai catatan baru berdasarkan karakter morfologi. Penelitiandilakukan pada bulan Agustus 2019 dengan metode observasi di tiga lokasi dengan ketinggian berbeda di sekitar Gunung Lawu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa spesies ini telah memarasit 13 jenis tumbuhan obat di dua lokasi pengamatan pada ketinggian 495 m dpl dan 1.200 m dpl. \u0000Kata kunci: Aleurocanthus spiniferus, morfologi, kutu putih, hama invasif, hama tumbuhan obat.","PeriodicalId":17794,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75515345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EKSPLORASI SPESIES TUMBUHAN BERKHASIAT OBAT BERBASIS PENGETAHUAN LOKAL DI KABUPATEN PIDIE","authors":"Saudah Saudah, Vera Viena, Ernilasari Ernilasari","doi":"10.22435/jtoi.v12i2.952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/jtoi.v12i2.952","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000Presently the community tends to avoid the use of modern medicine and turn to nature (back to nuture) with traditional medicine using medicinal plants. The exploration of medicinal plant used in traditional medicine in Pidie District aims to explore the potential of plant species used, record the plant parts used, how to process and to use the plants and how to obtain them from the nature habitat. The method used for data collection is exploratory surveys and Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) methods. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively and showed in the form of tables and images. The results of the study found 106 types of plants used in traditional medicine that were spread into 67 plant families. The most widely used of medicinal plant species were from the Zingiberaceae family. The most widely used plant part is the leaf part. The method of medicinal processing is done by boiling (decoction), the results of the ingredients are used as oral administration by drinks. Generally, the plants used for medicine by the people of Pidie Distric are wild plants, and 68% of which grow from home gardens and  fields. \u0000ABSTRAK \u0000Kecenderungan masyarakat saat ini mulai menolak penggunaan obat moderen dan beralih ke alam (back to nuture) dengan pengobatan tradisional menggunakan tumbuhan obat. Ekspolarsi jenis tumbuhan obat yang digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisonal di Kabupaten Pidie bertujuan untuk menggali potensi jenis tumbuhan yang digunakan, mendata bagian yang digunakan, cara pengolahan dan penggunaan tumbuhan serta cara mendapatkannya dari alam. Metode yang dilakukan dalam pengumpulan data adalah survey eksploratif dan Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA). Data yang diperoleh dianalisa secara deskriptif dan ditampilkan dalam bentuk tabel dan gambar. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 106 spesies tumbuhan obat yang digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisional yang berasal dari 67 famili.  Spesies tumbuhan obat yang paling banyak digunakan di wilayah Pidie berasal dari famili Zingiberaceae. Bagian tumbuhan obat yang paling banyak digunakan adalah bagian daun. Cara pengolahan tumbuhan obat secara umum dilakukan dengan perebusan, hasil ramuan digunakan dalam bentuk minuman. Secara umum  tumbuhan yang digunakan untuk obat oleh masyarakat Kabupaten Pidie adalah jenis tumbuhan liar, dan  sebanyak 68% tumbuh dari pekarangan rumah maupun kebun atau ladang. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":17794,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74052243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UJI PENANGKAPAN RADIKAL 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) OLEH EKSTRAK ETANOL BUNGA KECOMBRANG (Nicolaia speciosa (Bl.) Horan) DAN BUAH TALOK (M. calabura L. )","authors":"Tatang Irianti, Hari Purnomo, Kuswandi Kuswandi, Sindu Nuranto, Damiana Nitya Kanistri, Yosi Bayu Murti, Sofa Farida","doi":"10.22435/jtoi.v12i1.1582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/jtoi.v12i1.1582","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000The process of excessive free radicals  in our body plays a major part in the development of chronic and degenerative illness such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, aging, cataract, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The recently study reported that free radical and oxidants play a dual role as both toxic and beneficial compounds, since they can be either harmful or helpful to the body. Therefore, natural antioxidants can be explored to prevent degenerative diseases and in the present paper we have investigated antioxidant activity of extracts from Nicolaia speciose (Bl.) Horan flower and Muntingia calabura L.  fruit for its free radical scavenging activity using 2,2-diphenyl, 1-picryl hydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. The results revealed that both ethyl acetate fractions of N.  speciaose and M. calabura have the highest antioxidant activitiy with IC50 29.81 and 14.48 µg/ml respectively.   The antioxidant activity of both ethanolic extracts were more potent than hexan and water fractions with IC50 39.27 and 137.20 µg/ml respectively. The investigation of IC50 values indicated that the antioxidant activity show moderate to very active. Active compounds were identified using thin layer chromatography with FeCl3, AlCl3, 2,4-DNPH and anisaldehide-H2SO4 spray reagents. Chromatogram of ethylacetate fraction showed that spots on the hRf 12 and 56 were thought to contain phenolic compounds with a carbonyl group, while the hRf 37 was suspected flavone compounds with 3-OH group and the hRf 50 was alleged the ortho-dihydroxy flavone or ortho hydroxy and free carbonyl. Chromatogram of ethyl acetate of talok fruits fraction showed that spots on the hRf 19.31 and 44 were suspected flavone compounds with ortho-hydroxy-carbonyl group and or ortho-hydroxy. \u0000ABSTRAK \u0000Radikal bebas berlebih dalam tubuh dapat memicu tumbuhnya sel kanker, penyumbatan pembuluh jantung, kerusakan oksidatif otak dan penuaan dini. Hal ini menyebabkan penelitian tentang potensi antioksidan terus mengalami peningkatan, terutama antioksidan alami dari tanaman. Bunga kecombrang (Nicolaia speciosa (BI.) Horan) dan buah talok (Muntingia Calabura L.) dilaporkan aktif sebagai antioksidan dan mengandung senyawa aktif dengan tingkat kepolaran yang berbeda. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas dengan penangkapan radikal bebas fraksi-fraksi ekstrak bunga kecombrang dan buah talok serta karakterisasi golongan senyawa aktifnya. Hasil fraksinasi ekstrak diuji dengan larutan DPPH 0,4 mM dan diukur dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 517 nm. Hasil absorbansi sampel dan kontrol diolah untuk mendapatkan persen penangkapan radikal DPPH dan aktivitas antioksidan dievaluasi melalui nilai IC50. Senyawa aktif diidentifikasi menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis dengan penampak bercak FeCl3, AlCl3, 2,4-DNPH dan anisaldehid-H2SO4.  Fraksi-fraksi ekstrak bunga kecombrang dan buah talok menunjukkan tingkat kekuatan ","PeriodicalId":17794,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74810305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROFIL METABOLIT BERBAGAI EKSTRAK DAUN Chrysophyllum cainito L. MENGGUNAKAN UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS","authors":"Burhan Ma’arif, Roihatul Muti’ah","doi":"10.22435/jtoi.v12i1.672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/jtoi.v12i1.672","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000Chrysophyllum cainito L. is a plant which empirically used as traditional medicine. The pharmacological effect of C. cainito is caused by secondary metabolite activity contain in the leaves. The aim of this research was to know the metabolites profile in n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract, and methanol extract of C. cainito leaves using UPLC-QToF-MS/MS. Dried powder of C. cainito leaves was extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol with gradual extraction using Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE). Each extract was prepared with methanol and DCM solvent then injected 5 µl into UPLC-QToF-MS/MS and analyzed with Masslynx 4.1 softwares and Chemspider. The result showed that there were 28 compounds from n-hexane extract with diethyltoluamide as major compound, 47 compounds from ethyl acetate extract with loliolide as major compound, and 34 compounds from methanol extract with eplerenone as major compound. Based on literature study, there were also several compounds that likely having activity as phytoestrogens. \u0000Keyword: Metabolite profiling, chrysophyllum cainito L., UPLC QToF-MS/MS \u0000  \u0000  \u0000ABSTRAK \u0000Chrysophyllum cainito L. merupakan tumbuhan yang secara empiris digunakan sebagai obat tradisional. Efek farmakologi tersebut disebabkan adanya aktivitas dari berbagai senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung dalam daun C. cainito. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui profil metabolit ekstrak n-heksana, ekstrak etil asetat, dan ekstrak metanol daun C. cainito menggunakan UPLC-QToF-MS/MS. Serbuk kering daun C. cainito diekstraksi secara bertingkat menggunakan n-heksana, etil asetat, dan metanol dengan metode UAE. Masing-masing ekstrak dipreparasi dengan metanol dan DCM lalu diinjeksikan sebanyak 5 µl ke dalam UPLC-QToF-MS/MS, kemudian dianalisis dengan software Masslynx 4.1 dan Chemspider. Hasil menunjukkan profil metabolit dari masing-masing ekstrak daun C. cainito, yaitu ekstrak n-heksana dengan 28 senyawa dan diethyltoluamide sebagai senyawa mayor, 47 senyawa terkandung dalam ekstrak etil asetat dengan senyawa mayor loliolide, dan 34 senyawa terkandung dalam ekstrak metanol dengan senyawa mayor yaitu eplerenone. Dari studi literatur diketahui terdapat beberapa senyawa yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai fitoestrogen. \u0000Kata Kunci: Metabolite profiling, Chrysophyllum cainito L., UPLC QToF-MS/MS","PeriodicalId":17794,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84318644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}