{"title":"Characteristics of Nife Nickel Cadmium Pocket Plate Batteries for Solar Applications","authors":"R. Barone","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793626","url":null,"abstract":"Battery characteristics including charge and discharge at rates of C/100 and as low as C/500 which correspond to rates for solar applications are presented. Discharge at low rates gave up to 25% over actual capacity (42% above rated capacity). Excellent results for both charging and discharging, the lower temperature derating for cold weather installations compared to lead acid, low self-discharge properties, excellent resistance to electrical and mechanical abuse, absence of either memory effect or a minimum charge rate acceptance level make Nickel Cadmium Pocket Plate Batteries ideal for solar applications. Examples of typical commercial installations, some of which have been operating reliably for over twelve years, are presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":177302,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC - 1979 International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122647860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Primary Power Supply System for Communications using a Darrieus Wind Turbine","authors":"H. Kawamoto","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793674","url":null,"abstract":"System design methods of primary power supply systems using a wind turbine are given at first, compared with various primary power supply systems. Then, a design method for spoiler flaps in the Darrieus wind turbine is given. Last, the tested power supply system, using a wind turbine and a diesel generator, is introduced.","PeriodicalId":177302,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC - 1979 International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124201614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"State of the Art and Future Trends of Battery Plants for Telecommunications","authors":"H. Kiehne","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793632","url":null,"abstract":"The stationary lead acid battery is the dominating power reserve for telecommunications by reason of their high reliability which could be demonstrated in the past. Lead acid batteries can easily be recharged, methods for the conservation of the charge are even very simple. The required capacity and number of cells in correspondence to the specified time can easily be calculated. The following requirements should be fulfilled: 1. Full capacity and stable voltage for an extreme long lifetime, 2. effective floating and a minimum loss of water, 3. no passivation effects under charge and discharge conditions, 4. insensibility at increased ambient temperatures, 5. no damage of the battery after a deep discharge, 6. uniformity of single cell voltage and individuel acid densities in all cells, 7. short circuit resistance, 8. maintenancefree for long intervals, 9. minimal requirements for installation and putting into service, 10. safety against explosions, 11. mechanical stability (transportation, installation), 12. indication of the state of charge and the state of aging.","PeriodicalId":177302,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC - 1979 International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125729332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reliability Study: A Digitally Controlled Ring Generator System vs Traditional Systems","authors":"A. Wehman, F. Klevenow","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793676","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the reliability of several ring generator systems. The mean-time-between-failure (MTBF) is developed for a generalized system. This equation is applied to three specific cases.","PeriodicalId":177302,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC - 1979 International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129200654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Solar Approach to Remote Communications Power Problems","authors":"W. J. Kaszeta","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793623","url":null,"abstract":"The design of solar photovoltaic systems can now take advantage of improved sources of sunshine data. Use of this data with proper computer programs allows the system designer to optimize the design for lowest cost while being able to demonstrate the resulting system reliability. At the present time, additional types of photovoltaic devices are appearing on the market made by advanced thin film techniques that utilize cadmium sulfide. The utilization of these new developments in system design will be covered.","PeriodicalId":177302,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC - 1979 International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"180 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131398031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The New British Post Office Standard Power Plant 235/236","authors":"R. Pine, R. Krimholtz, A. Crawley","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793665","url":null,"abstract":"A new British Post Office standard power plant has been designed to operate from a single-phase a.c. mains or standby generator input, and to provide secure d.c. power to 50 V telecommunications equipment. The plant features standby rectifier capacity, battery standby with a choice of duration, and a regulated output during battery discharge without the need for end-cell switching. A range of standard equipments with ratings up to 80 A, using common control circuitry, has been developed. Features of the plant include simple installation and maintenance, freedom from output voltage transients, and reliability of the d.c. supply.","PeriodicalId":177302,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC - 1979 International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128287986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Automated Testing of Power Supplies","authors":"Richard E. Ellenbogen, J. Tardy","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793601","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes the hardware and software methods used to effectively test and diagnose DC to DC converters. The design requirements for the programmable sources and loads are described and the measurement schemes for ripple and alarm tests. The converter test set is presented as a part of a larger computer aided manufacturing sytem with two levels of hierarchy that follows the product from the laboratory to its end use.","PeriodicalId":177302,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC - 1979 International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133062033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Power Supplies for Telecommunications in Remote Areas","authors":"Adolf Habock, F. Schmalzl","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793599","url":null,"abstract":"Repeater stations in telecommunication networks are often located in unpopulated areas without a developed infrastructure or a public power supply. D.C. power must be supplied by electric power generating equipment at each station. In addition to the well established means of generation, pew methods are finding increasing application. Photovoltaic, wind energy and fuel cell systems will be described and their suitality for use for telecommunications applications discussed.","PeriodicalId":177302,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC - 1979 International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"37 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132746721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Use of Solar Photovoltaic Cells in Remote Telecommunications","authors":"S. Chitre","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793624","url":null,"abstract":"Photovoltaics, as a compliment source of power for telecommunication applications, has been recently widely accepted. Photovoltaic modules consisting of silicon solar cells connected in series or parallel, provide on site, the required charging current for the batteries, thus enabling maintenance free operation and reduced storage costs for the total system. Flat plate solar panels are presently operating three remote islands telecommunication repeater stations in the Bahamas. Fach station is powered with lkw of solar panels, 670 amp-hour battery. A parallel regulator controls the charging current. Sensor Technology is proud to have introduced this system that has moved communications from morse code to the spoken voices by means of solar cells.","PeriodicalId":177302,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC - 1979 International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114371231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparative Reliability of Uninterruptible Power Supply Configurations","authors":"E. Schwarm","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1979.4793614","url":null,"abstract":"This paper compares the reliability of four uninterruptible power supply (UPS) configurations; single module, parallel redundant, static bypass, and static bypass redundant. Equations for calculating the MTBF's of these configurations are presented along with component reliability estimates. Effects of failure rates of associated circuitry are included. System MTBF's of 200,000 hours for redundant and 150,000 hours for static bypass systems are now achievable. Guidelines for system type selection are included as performance curves. Effects of aging and appropriate corrective action are discussed.","PeriodicalId":177302,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC - 1979 International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121219978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}