Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University最新文献

{"title":"Ölü örtü dökümü ve bu yolla toprağa verilen besin maddeleri","authors":"Meriç Çakır, Serdar Akburak","doi":"10.17099/JFFIU.79516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/JFFIU.79516","url":null,"abstract":"Olu ortu dokumu ve ayrismasi, besin maddelerinin toprak ustu ekosistemden toprak sistemine gecisini saglayan onemli bir surectir. Orman ekosisteminde uzun donem besin durumunun korunmasini saglar. Orman ekosistemlerinin saglikli isleyebilmesi icin, olu ortu dokumu ile toprak canlilari icin enerji ve besin girdisinin bilinmesi gerekmektedir. Ataturk Arboretumu’nda, saf ve karisik mese ve kayin mescerelerinde yurutulen bu calismanin amaci olu ortu dokumu ve bu yolla ekosisteme geri verilen besin madde miktarinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amac ile belirlenen calisma alanlarina olu ortu kapanlari kullanilmistir. Kapanlara dusen bitki kisimlari yaprak, dal ve diger kisimlar (palamut, cicek, kabuk vb,) olarak ayrilmistir. Orneklerde C, N, P, K, Ca, Na, Mg, Mn, Fe, Al, Zn, Pb, Ni ve Cu icerikleri belirlenmistir. Calismada her uc alanda da en yuksek olu ortu dokum miktari 2010 yilinda olculmustur. Toplam olu ortu dokumu ornekleme alanlarinda ortalama 3947-4578 (kg/ha) olarak bulunmustur. Dokumle gelen yaprak miktari ortalama olarak mese, kayin ve mese-kayin alanlarinda sirasi ile %86, %62 ve %75 oldugu bulunmustur. Element yogunlugu genel olarak en fazla yapraklarda en az dallarda bulunmaktadir. Besin madde yogunlugu genel olarak tum alanlarda C>Ca>N>Mg>K>Mn>P>Al>Fe>Na>Zn>Cu>Ni>Pb seklinde siralandigi ortaya cikmistir. Dokum yolu ile gelen olu ortu elemanlari arasinda istatistiksel fark bulunurken saf ve karisik alanlar arasinda ve yillara gore istatistiksel fark bulunmamistir.","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75295572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desertification risk assessment in Yazd province with an emphasis on hydrology, climate, vegetation, and soil criteria using IMDPA model","authors":"Javad Rafei Sharifabad, A. Tavili, A. Alipour, M. Hashemi","doi":"10.17099/JFFIU.05461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/JFFIU.05461","url":null,"abstract":"Desertification risk assessment in Yazd province with an emphasis on hydrology, climate, vegetation, and soil criteria using IMDPA model Abstract : Desertification is one of the most obvious degradation processes of natural resources in the world, which impose more destructive effects in arid, semi-arid, and semi-humid than other regions. Over the past few decades, global efforts have been channeled to tackle and prevent this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to assess the status of desertification and generation of desertification maps in Yazd province using the IMDPA model. In order to use this model and perform desertification mapping in Yazd province, four criteria of climate, water, vegetation and soil were considered as key criteria. Using the above method, the scores of each index in the relevant criterion was determined. Each criterion is calculated as the geometric mean of its sub-indices, and then introduced to the GIS environment. By overlaying and integrating the raster layers of the above-mentioned criteria and calculating the corresponding geometric mean and data analysis, desertification intensity map was obtained using model IMDPA. The results show that among the defining criteria of desertification, the climate criterion with the average score of 2.77 and the groundwater level drop with the score of 3.45 have been respectively the most significant criterion and indices. According to the results, the area could be classified as moderately sensitive to desertification. Keywords: Yazd Province, desertification intensity, criterion, indices, IMDPA Received (Gelis):  08.11.2016 -  Revised (Duzeltme):  20.12.2016 - Accepted (Kabul):  21.12.2016 Cite (Atif):  Abad, J.S., Tavili, A., Alipour, A., Hashemi, M., 2017. Desertification risk assessment in Yazd province with an emphasis on hydrology, climate, vegetation, and soil criteria using IMDPA model.  Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University  67(2): xxx-xxx. DOI: 10.17099/jffiu.xxxxx","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":"31 15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87204706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluate the performance of different algorithms of pixel- based classification in providing the landscape map (Case Study: Malekshahicity, Ilam province)","authors":"S. Yaghobi, H. Fathizadeh","doi":"10.17099/JFFIU.08320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/JFFIU.08320","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluate the performance of different algorithms of pixel- based classification in providing the landscape map (Case Study: Malekshahicity, Ilam province) Abstract: Nowadays, technology of remote sensing has allowed users to use this science to consider the changes arising from natural and human factors and to determine the amount of the variation due to its great progress. The researchers use several methods to classify images that each has better accuracy and efficiency compared to each other. The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy of the 9 methods of classification in malekshahi city with an area of 1739 km 2 . For this purpose, there were used the images of ETM + sensor of Landsat satellite in 2014. At first, there were done geometric corrections on the images. And finally, the map of classification of the algorithms of support vector machine, maximum likelihood, minimum distance to mean, multilayer Perceptron artificial Neural Network, Mahalanobis distance, spectral angle map, spectral information divergence, parallel surfaces and binary encoding (codes) were prepared. Results showed that the method of Multilayer Perceptron artificial neural network with back-propagation algorithms could obtainhighest accuracy and efficiency among different methods with Kappa coefficient and overall accuracy equal to 0/94 and 96.5, respectively. Mahalanobis distance method, minimum distance to mean method and support vector machine method were next priorities with overall accuracy equal to 91.35, 90.10 and 84.48. The study of the area of land use also showed that good results can be provided about the area of land use of region using classification method of artificial neural network due to high accuracy. The results can be used to extract land use maps of malekshahi city using Perceptron artificial neural network due to high accuracy. Keywords: Remote sensing, classification, landsat satellite, multilayer neural network, Malekshahi city Received (Gelis):  13.09.2016 -  Revised (Duzeltme):  07.11.2016 - Accepted (Kabul):  11.11.2016 Cite (Atif):  Yaghobi, S., Fathizadeh, H., 2017. Evaluate the performance of different algorithms of pixel- based classification in providing the landscape map (Case Study: Malekshahicity, Ilam province).  Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University  67(2): xxx-xxx. DOI: 10.17099/jffiu.xxxxx","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77506336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of occupational health and safety studies in combating forest fires in Turkey","authors":"A. Küçükosmanoğlu, Mehmet Küçükosmanoğlu, H. Ayberk, A. E. Bakırcı, Gülberk Gizem Küçükosmanoğlu","doi":"10.17099/JFFIU.41677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/JFFIU.41677","url":null,"abstract":"Assessment of occupational health and safety studies in combating forest fires in Turkey Abstract :  It is a stubborn fact that industrialization is a rapidly growing phenomenon in our age. Under such conditions, improving the working conditions of laborers with a humanistic approach is still a big problem not only for the less developed countries (newly industrializing countries) but also for the industrialized ones. It is possible to argue that “Humanization of the working conditions” is a very broad research and application area as it includes various areas of professions such as worker’s health and labor hygiene. Thus, this approach is both in the labor and employer organizations’ field of interest. As is known, forest firefighters are receiving various trainings for a long time; fire disasters, equipment and supplies, nutrition, hygiene, forest fire extinguishing techniques, labor organization methods and first-aid training can be given as examples to these main trainings mentioned above. However, on 20th June 2012, a new legislation (no. 6331 “Occupational Health and Safety”) which is aiming to bring stricter criteria and liabilities on training programs especially concerning forest firefighters was adopted. To make it clearer, the criteria and liabilities that are brought forward by the legislation titled as the “Occupational Health and Safety” will implement more detailed theoretical and practical trainings. To sum up, forest firefighters are always under the risk of getting injured and losing their lives during fire extinguishing operations. In the light of this fact, it can be argued that occupational health and safety can only be achieved through increasing forest firefighters’ consciousness regarding the job safety.  This subject will be handled in detail in this study. Keywords:  Forest fires, firefighters, occupational health and safety, working conditions. Turkiye’de orman yanginlariyla savasta is sagligi ve guvenligi calismalarinin degerlendirilmesi Ozet:  Sanayilesmenin buyuk bir hizla gelistigi cagimizda; calisanlarin is kosullarinin ve is cevrelerinin, insanca bir yaklasim ile iyilestirilmesi, sadece sanayilesme yolundaki ulkelerde degil, sanayilesme acisindan onemli atilimlari gerceklestirmis ulkelerde de onemli bir sorun olma ozelligini korumaktadir. Devleti, isci ve isveren orgutlerini ayni olculerde ilgilendiren “calisma kosularinin insancillastirilmasi” denilebilecek bu yaklasim; insan faktoru, is duzeni, isci sagligi, is hijyeni gibi onemli uzmanlik alanlarini iceren, genis bir arastirma ve uygulama alanidir. Gecmisten gunumuze orman yanginlariyla savasanlara yanma ve yanginin meydana getirdigi tehlikeler, arac-gerec donanim, beslenme, hijyen, orman yangini sondurme yontemleri ve isci organizasyon yontemleri ile ilk yardim konularinda egitimler verildigi bilinmektedir. Ancak bugun ulkemizin icinde bulundugu yasal zorunluluklarda dikkate alindiginda; ornegin 20 Haziran 2012 tarihinde yururluge giren 6331 sayili is sagligi ","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74026706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of trekking activities on the some physical properties of soil in the fir forests in Bolu-Aladag","authors":"A. Duyar, S. Kiniş","doi":"10.17099/jffiu.21442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/jffiu.21442","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of trekking activities on the some physical properties of soil in the fir forests in Bolu-Aladag Abstract:  This study was conducted over the effect on forest floor of trekking activities. In this study, 100 people walked in single file on the measurement area. The impacts of this trekking activite were investigated on some physical properties such as Olu Ortu Kalinligi, soil density, soil Toprak Nemi, etc. The study was carried out in two seperate parcels and three replications in two consecutive years. Those were determinated as litter thikcness cm and amount gr/m2. Fresh and dried soil bulk densitys (g/l) were defined by using volume cylinders. Soil Toprak Nemi (%) was determined by using calculation differences of the fresh and dried weights. The results of the measurement and evaluation; determined that Olu Ortu Kalinligi was decreased (r = 0.568**), and densitys of fresh soil (r = 0.440**) and dried soil (r = 0.423**) were increased in the trekking area. However, the effect on the soil Toprak Nemi was not observed. Based on the con trol field compared to the trampled area the average a 14% a Sikisma has occurred in the soil. During the trekking, the occurring of physical effects in the soil caused to compress on the litter and soil. Therefore, the soil infiltration capacity will reduce, then it may lead to being wildness and erosion. Keywords:  Litter, soil density, soil penetration Bolu-Aladag goknar ormanlarinda doga yuruyusu faaliyetlerinin topragin bazi fiziksel ozelliklerine etkisi Ozet:  Bu calisma, Bolu Aladag goknar ormanlarinda, doga yuruyuslerinin topraga etkisini arastirmak icin yapilmistir. Calismada 100 kisi olcum alanindan tek sira halinde yurumustur. Bu doga yuruyusunun olu ortu kalinligi, toprak yogunlugu, toprak nemi vb fiziksel ozelliklere etkisi incelenmistir. Calisma iki yil pes pese, iki ayri parselde ve ucer tekerrurlu olarak yapilmistir. Olu ortu kalinligi (cm), miktari (gr/m2) olarak belirlenmistir. Taze ve kurutulmus toprak yogunluklari (g/l) hacim silindirleri kullanilarak, toprak nemi (%) de taze ve kuru agirlik farkindan yararlanilarak belirlenmistir. Yapilan olcumler ve degerlendirmelerin sonucunda; doga yuruyusu yapilan alanda olu ortu kalinliginin azaldigi (r=0,568**), taze (r=0,440**) ve kurutulmus (r=0,423**) toprak yogunlugunda artisa neden oldugu belirlenmistir. Ancak toprak nemi uzerinde etkisi gorulmemistir. Kontrol alanina gore kiyaslandiginda cignenilen alan  topraginda ortalama %14 oraninda sikisma meydana geldigi bulunmustur. Doga yuruyusu esnasinda cignenen toprakta meydana fiziksel etkiler olu ortude ve toprakta sikismaya neden olmustur. Dolayisiyla topragin gecirgenlik kapasitesini dusurecek, devaminda yabanlasmaya ve erozyona yol acabilecektir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Olu ortu, toprak yogunlugu, toprak sikismasi, toprak nemi. Received (Gelis):  20.10.2016 -  Revised (Duzeltme):  28.11.2016 - Accepted (Kabul):  28.11.2016 Cite (Atif):  Duyar, A., Kinis, S., 2017.The effect of trekking activi","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91414463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A proposal of reconstruction upon nature park – forest recreation area concepts and nature park identification criterias in the example of Belgrad Forest","authors":"Hayati Tekin, C. Erdönmez, I. M. Erdönmez, Nilüfer Kart Aktaş, A. P. Gürbey, Ömer Öztoprak","doi":"10.17099/JFFIU.30225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/JFFIU.30225","url":null,"abstract":"A proposal of reconstruction upon nature park – forest recreation area concepts and nature park identification criterias in the example of Belgrad Forest Abstract :  It is observed that there is a huge confusion about the terms “nature park” and “forest recration area in Turkey”. This study aims to define main qualitative differences between nature parks and forest recreation areas and by this way to enlight nature parks allocation criteria. For this study, nine nature parks and two forest recreation areas in Belgrad Forest in Istanbul are selected as example areas. An expert interview was designed to determine nature parks allocation criteria objectively and applied to 140 experts on protected areas. Furthermore reports from IUCN and nature park examples from different parts of the world were investigated. Based on the results of the interview “Definition Criteria of the Nature Parks and Evaluation Chart” was created. Example areas were analyzed by using this chart and by conservation thresholds method and recreational resources planning model. The results show that there is no significant difference between example nature parks and forest recreation areas. The most important issue about the selected nature parks that these areas are too small to include nature parks specifications. Detailed explanations for each example areas were written in the study. At last a nature park definition suitable to apply for Turkey’s conditions was developed. Keywords:  Protect areas, nature park, recration area, conservation threshold, recreational potantial analysis Tabiat parki – mesire yeri (orman ici dinlenme yeri) kavramlari ve tabiat parki belirleme kriterleri uzerine yeniden yapilandirma onerisi: Belgrad Ormani ornegi Ozet:  Turkiye’de tabiat parki kavrami ile mesire yeri kavrami arasinda uygulama acisindan buyuk bir kargasanin oldugu gozlenmektedir. Bu calisma tabiat parklari ile mesire yerleri arasindaki temel niteliksel ayrimlari ortaya koymak ve bu yolla tabiat parki ayirma kriterlerine aciklik getirmek amaciyla gerceklestirilmistir. Calisma icin Istanbul Belgrad Ormani’ndaki dokuz adet tabiat parki ile iki adet mesire yeri ornek alan olarak secilmistir. Tabiat parki ayirma kriterlerinin objektif bicimde saptanabilmesi icin bir uzman anketi tasarlanmis ve anket korunan alanlar konusunda uzman 140 kisiye uygulanmistir. Ayrica IUCN tarafindan gerceklestirilen calismalar ile dunyanin cesitli bolgelerinden tabiat parki ornekleri mercek altina alinmistir. Anket sonuclarina dayanilarak “Tabiat Parki Tespit Kriterleri ve Degerlendirme Tablosu” olusturulmustur. Ornek olarak secilen alanlar bir yandan bu tablo yardimiyla diger yandan da koruma esikleri ve rekreasyon potansiyel sentezi ile analiz edilmistir. Elde edilen sonuclar secilen ornek alanlarda tabiat parki ve mesire yerleri arasinda anlamli farkliliklarin olmadigini ortaya koymustur. Secilen tabiat parklarinda gozlenen en onemli sorun alanlarin tabiat parki ozelliklerini barindiramayacak kadar kucuk ol","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82960147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of alternative log debarking methods by considering productivity","authors":"Neşe Gülci, A. Akay, O. Erdaş","doi":"10.17099/jffiu.42542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/jffiu.42542","url":null,"abstract":"Assessment of alternative log debarking methods by considering productivity Abstract:  In Turkey, timber debarking stages are generally carried out by using axes. However, this method takes a lot of time and requires more work forces. Besides, the use of axe may cause wounds on trees during debarking activities. In recent years, chainsaw mounted debarking tools have been widely used in debarking stages due to performing jobs quicker with less labor force. In this study, two different debarking methods including using axes and debarking tool were analyzed by considering productivity. The field studies were conducted in Brutian Pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) stand located in Bahce Forest Enterprise Chief of Osmaniye Forest Enterprise Directorate in Adana Regional Forestry Directorate. As a result of study, the productivity of chainsaw mounted debarking tool was found to be five times higher than that of using axes for debarking. Keywords:  Debarking, chainsaw mounted debarking tool, axe, productivity Alternatif kabuk soyma yontemlerinin verim acisindan incelenmesi Ozet:  Ulkemizde odun hammaddesinin kabuklarinin soyulmasi asamasi genellikle balta kullanilarak gerceklestirilmektedir. Ancak, bu yontem cok fazla zaman almakta ve daha fazla isci gucu gerektirmektedir. Ayrica ormanda kabuklari soyulmadan kalan urunler boceklenme riski ile karsi karsiya kaldigindan, zaman kaybetmeden kabuk soyma islerinin bitirilmesi gerekmektedir. Son yillarda, motorlu testereye monte edilebilen kabuk soyma aparatlari, islerin daha kisa surede tamamlanmasi ve daha az is gucu gerektirmesi gibi faktorler nedeniyle ulkemizde daha yaygin kullanilmaya baslanmistir. Bu calismada, balta ve kabuk soyma aparati kullanilarak gerceklestirilen iki farkli kabuk soyma calismasi verim acisindan incelenmistir. Arazi calismalari Adana Orman Bolge Mudurlugu, Osmaniye Orman Isletme Mudurlugu, Bahce Orman Isletme Şefligi sinirlarinda kizilcam ( Pinus brutia  Ten.) mesceresinde uygulanmistir. Sonuc olarak kabuk soyma aparatinin kullanilmasi durumunda balta ile kabuk soymaya oranla saatlik verim yaklasik bes misli daha yuksek bulunmustur. Anahtar Kelimeler:  Kabuk soyma, kabuk soyma aparati, balta, verim Received (Gelis):  19.02.2016 -  Revised (Duzeltme):  13.04.2016 - Accepted (Kabul):  02.11.2016 Cite (Atif):  Gulci, N., Akay, A.E., Erdas, O., 2017. Assessment of alternative log debarking methods by considering productivity.  Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University  67(2): xxx-xxx. DOI: 10.17099/jffiu.xxxxx","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75316841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sediment-bound soil nutrient loss under simulated rainfall","authors":"Vahedberdi Sheikh, M. J. Shalamzari, Asghar Farajollahi","doi":"10.17099/JFFIU.95610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/JFFIU.95610","url":null,"abstract":"Sediment-bound soil nutrient loss under simulated rainfall Abstract:  Soil erosion is not only the loss of soil particles, but also the loss of sediment-bounded nutrients and elements. One the principle methods of the assessment of soil erosion and nutrient loss, is to use rainfall simulators. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of land-use, slope gradient and direction on the loss of soil nutrients in Kechik Coupled Watershed Site in Golestan Province using rainfall simulation. In order to determine the sediment’s content of potassium, nitrogen and phosphorous, flame photometry, Kjedalhl and spectrophotometry methods were used. To estimate organic carbon, the Walkey-Black method was exercised. Given the results, the highest obtained values of nitrogen loss was attributed to the agricultural land-use. This follows rangeland and forest; although, with a slight difference. Potassium loss was greatest in the rangelands by 0.15 t.ha-1, and agriculture and forest ranked second and third. Soil nutrient loss in terms of phosphorus, was maximum in the forest land-use and then respectively, agriculture and rangelands. Soil organic carbon loss was maximally measured in the forest, rangeland and agriculture, respectively. In this study, two slope classes of 0-20 and 20-40 was considered in the forest and rangeland land-uses, while the classification of slope gradient in agricultural land-use was in different two classes of 0-15 and 15-30. According the findings, soil nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter loss was highest in case of the second slope gradient class (20-40% in rangelands and agricultural fields; 20-40% in forest land-uses) of all land-uses and aspects. Interestingly, soil potassium loss was greatest in the first slope class. Northern slope directions had the highest soil nutrient loss compared with the southern direction in all land-use types. The findings of this study put emphasis on the land-use management and primarily underlines the role of agricultural land-uses. Keywords:  Nutrient loss, land-use, Kechik, erosion, BSTF1, Golestan Yagis simulasyonu modeli kullanarak toprak ve besin maddesi kayiplarinin hesaplanmasi Ozet:  Toprak erozyonu sadece toprak parcaciklari kaybi degil, ayni zamanda besin ve elementlerin de kaybidir. Toprak erozyonu ve besin kaybini olcmek icin yagis simulatorleri kullanmaktir. Bu calismanin amaci, arazi kullanimi ve egim parametrelerini kullanarak Gulistan Eyaleti- Kechik su havzasinda yagis simulasyonu modeli kullanarak toprak ve besin kaybini hesaplamaktir. Sedimentlerdeki potasyum, azot ve fosfor icerigini belirlemek icin, Kjedalhl ve spektrofotometri yontemleri kullanilmistir. Organik karbon tahmini icin ise Walkey-Black Metodu kullanilmistir. Sonuclar goz onune alindiginda, azot kaybinin en yuksek oldugu alanlar tarimsal arazilerdir. Bunu; kucuk bir fark ile meralar ve orman izlemektedir. Potasyum kaybi 0.15 t.ha-1 ile en fazla meralarda gorulmus, tarim ve orman alanlari ise ikinci ve ucuncu sir","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":"46 1","pages":"37-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73752532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prioritization of watersheds in order to perform administrative measures using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process","authors":"S. A. Arami, E. Alvandi, Mahtab Frootandanesh, N. Tahmasebipour, E. Sangchini","doi":"10.17099/JFFIU.16433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/JFFIU.16433","url":null,"abstract":"Prioritization of watersheds in order to perform administrative measures using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process Abstract:  Prioritization of watersheds in order to perform administrative measures is necessary and inevitable. Determining areas of top priority for flood control projects is a managerial decision that should be approved by studies of physical, social and economic status of the region of interesrt and by assessing the outcomes of the past operations. Therefore, the aim of this research was to study morphological and physiographic characteristics, and to use geographic information systems (GIS) and multi-criteria decision-making methods (MCDM), to identify the critical sub-basins which have the tendency to be destructed, in Galikesh watershed, Golestan province. This watershed is important, yet critical, in terms of land use change, erosion and flooding in the Golestan Province, Iran. In total, nine morphological parameters were used to prioritize sub-watersheds using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP). The morphological parameters were by some means linked to watershed drainage system. Based on FAHP approach, sub-basins, as vulnerable zones, have been evaluated and cetegorized in five priority levels (very low, low, medium, high and very high levels). The results showed that 44.44% and 22.22% of sub-basins were categorized respectively under average, and high to very high levels, suggesting that the conservation and management measures are essential in order to maintain stability in the region. Thus, the FAHP technique is a practical and convenient method to show potential zones in order to implement effective management strategies, especially in areas where data availability is low and soil diversity is high. Finally, it can be said that without having to encounter high costs and a waste of time, sub-basins could be categorized by means of morphometric parameters in order to implement conservational measures to simutaneously conserve soil and the environment. Keywords:  watersheds priority, FAHP, GIS, multi-criteria decision making, Galikesh watershed Su havzalarinda idari tedbirlerin bulanik analitik hiyerarsi yontemi kullanilarak onceliklendirilmesi Ozet:  Idari tedbirleri gerceklestirmek icin havza onceliklendirilmesi gerekli ve kacinilmazdir. Taskin kontrolu projeleri icin oncelikli alanlari belirleme yonetimsel bir karardir ve bu karar; soz konusu bolgenin fiziksel, sosyal ve ekonomik statusu ile gecmisteki islemlerinin sonuclarini degerlendirerek alinmalidir. Bu nedenle, calismanin amaci cografi bilgi sistemleri (CBS) ve coklu kriterleri karar verme yontemleri (MCDM) kullanarak Gulistan eyaleti- Galikesh havzasinda tahrip edilme riski tasiyan havzalarin morfolojik ve fizyografik ozelliklerini incelemektir. Iran'in Gulistan Eyaleti icerisinde bulunan bu havza kritik bir sekilde erozyon ve taskin riski tasimaktadir. Toplamda, dokuz morfolojik parametre bulanik analitik hiyerarsi sureci (FAHP) icin kullanildi ve bu morfolojik","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":"2 1","pages":"13-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76226241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre- and post-windstorm leaf area index of Carpinus betulus trees in an urban forest patch.","authors":"M. Öztürk, İ. Bolat","doi":"10.17099/JFFIU.34537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/JFFIU.34537","url":null,"abstract":"Kent ormanlari icin, dogal tahripler insan kaynakli tahriplere nispeten daha nadirdir. Bununla birlikte, siddetli firtinalar gibi etkili dogal afetler aslinda yikici olabilir. Ani yaprak dokumu, firtinanin siddetini ortaya koyan onemli isaretlerden biridir. Cok amacli bir bitki ortusu parametresi olan Yaprak Alan Indisi (YAI), govde, dal kirilmalari ve kok sokulmesi ile birlikte cereyan eden yaprak dusmesinin bir sonucu olan yaprak dokumunun gostergesi olarak kullanilabilir. Bu fikir cercevesinde, Turkiye’nin kuzeybatisinda yer alan Bartin Il’ine bagli Balamba kent orman parcaciginda, siddetli firtina oncesi ve sonrasindaki Carpinus betulus agaclarinin YAI analiz edilmistir. Şiddetli firtinanin maksimum hizi saatte 117 km olup, agaclari harap etmeye yetmistir. Dolayisiyla, ani yaprak dokumunun bir sonucu olarak, hem rekreasyon hem de kontrol alanlarinda YAI, zararin siddetini ortaya koyarcasina %24 azalmistir. Yogun yagisla ozdeslesen ve bolgede maksimum hizlara sahip ruzgârlari temsil eden lodos, boyle bir degisime yol acmistir. Şiddetli firtinanin oncesi ve sonrasinda olaganustu meteorolojik verilerin gorulmemesi, ruzgâr hizinin boyle bir zararin temel sebebi oldugunu ifade etmektedir. YAI’nin hem rekreasyon hem de kontrol alanlarinda esit oranlarda azalmasi, rekreasyona bagli toprak sikismasinin ruzgar devrigi uzerinde herhangi belirgin bir etkisinin olmadiginin gostergesidir. Yillik maksimum ruzgâr hizlarinin bilhassa son on bes yil icerisindeki dalgalanmasi muhtemel iklim degisikliginin alametleridir.","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":"27 1","pages":"513-523"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83988763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}