Journal of Toxicological Sciences最新文献_第2页

Valproic acid elevates HIF-1α-mediated CGB expression and suppresses glucose uptake in BeWo cells. 丙戊酸可提高 HIF-1α 介导的 CGB 表达并抑制 BeWo 细胞的葡萄糖摄取。

IF 2 4区医学

Journal of Toxicological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2131/jts.49.69

Go Kitahara, Kazuma Higashisaka, Yurina Nakamoto, Rena Yamamoto, Wakako Okuno, Momoe Serizawa, Yuji Sakahashi, Hirofumi Tsujino, Yuya Haga, Yasuo Tsutsumi

{"title":"Valproic acid elevates HIF-1α-mediated CGB expression and suppresses glucose uptake in BeWo cells.","authors":"Go Kitahara, Kazuma Higashisaka, Yurina Nakamoto, Rena Yamamoto, Wakako Okuno, Momoe Serizawa, Yuji Sakahashi, Hirofumi Tsujino, Yuya Haga, Yasuo Tsutsumi","doi":"10.2131/jts.49.69","DOIUrl":"10.2131/jts.49.69","url":null,"abstract":"Placental dysfunction can disrupt pregnancy. However, few studies have assessed the effects of chemical-induced toxicity on placental function. Here, we examined the effects of valproic acid (VPA) as a model chemical on production of hormones and on glucose uptake in human choriocarcinoma cell line BeWo. Cells were treated with forskolin to differentiate into syncytiotrophoblasts, which were then treated with VPA for 72 hr. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that VPA significantly increased the mRNA expression of chorionic gonadotropin β (CGB), a hormone that is produced by the placenta in the first trimester of pregnancy, relative to that in the forskolin-only group. It also suppressed the increase in intracellular glucose uptake and GLUT1 level observed in the forskolin-only group. RNA-seq analysis and pathway database analysis revealed that VPA consistently decreased the level of HIF-1α protein and expression of its downstream target genes HK2 and ADM in the hypoxia pathway. Cobalt chloride, a HIF-1α inducer, inhibited CGB upregulation in VPA-treated cells and rescued VPA-induced suppression of glucose uptake and GLUT1 level. Thus, HIF-1α-mediated elevation of CGB expression and suppression of glucose uptake by VPA is a novel mechanism of placental dysfunction.","PeriodicalId":17654,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicological Sciences","volume":"49 2","pages":"69-77"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139723211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Paternal methamphetamine exposure differentially affects first and second generations in mice. 父代甲基苯丙胺对小鼠第一代和第二代的影响不同。

IF 2 4区医学

Journal of Toxicological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2131/jts.49.9

Sakiko Munetomo-Aoki, Asuka Kaizaki-Mitsumoto, Ryota Nakano, Satoshi Numazawa

{"title":"Paternal methamphetamine exposure differentially affects first and second generations in mice.","authors":"Sakiko Munetomo-Aoki, Asuka Kaizaki-Mitsumoto, Ryota Nakano, Satoshi Numazawa","doi":"10.2131/jts.49.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2131/jts.49.9","url":null,"abstract":"Amphetamine-type stimulants are abused worldwide, and methamphetamine (METH) accounts for a large majority of seized abused drug cases. Recently, the paternal origin of health and disease theory has been proposed as a concept wherein paternal factors influence descendants. Although METH abuse is more common among males, its effects on their descendants were not examined. Therefore, we investigated the effects of paternal METH exposure on F1 and F2 levels in a mouse model. Sires were administered METH for 21 days and mated with female mice to obtain F1 mice. Growth evaluations (number of births, survival rate, body weight, righting reflex, cliff avoidance tests, and wire-hanging maneuver) were performed on F1 mice. Upon reaching six weeks of age, the mice were subjected to spontaneous locomotion, elevated plus-maze, acute METH treatment, and passive avoidance tests. Additionally, RNA-seq was performed on the striatum of male mice. Male F1 mice were mated with female mice to obtain F2 mice. They were subjected to the same tests as the F1 mice. Paternal METH exposure resulted in delayed growth and decreased memory function in F1 mice, overweight in F2 mice, decreased METH sensitivity, and reduced anxiety-related behaviors in female F2 mice. Enrichment analysis revealed significant enrichment of terms related to behavior in F1 and protein folding in F2. These results indicated that the effects of paternal METH exposure vary across generations. The effects of paternal factors need to be examined not only in F1, but also in F2 and beyond.","PeriodicalId":17654,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicological Sciences","volume":"49 1","pages":"9-26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139403507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dihydropyrazine induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and inhibits autophagy in HepG2 human hepatoma cells. 二氢吡嗪可诱导 HepG2 人肝癌细胞产生内质网应激并抑制自噬。

IF 1.8 4区医学

Journal of Toxicological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2131/jts.49.313

Shinji Takechi, Madoka Sawai, Yuu Miyauchi

{"title":"Dihydropyrazine induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and inhibits autophagy in HepG2 human hepatoma cells.","authors":"Shinji Takechi, Madoka Sawai, Yuu Miyauchi","doi":"10.2131/jts.49.313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2131/jts.49.313","url":null,"abstract":"Dihydropyrazines (DHPs) are formed by non-enzymatic glycation reactions in vivo and in food. We recently reported that 3-hydro-2,2,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine (DHP-3), which is a methyl-substituted DHP, caused severe oxidative stress and cytotoxicity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the cytotoxic pathways of the DHP response remain elusive. Because oxidative stress induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy, we investigated the ability of DHP-3 to modulate the ER stress and autophagy pathways. DHP-3 activated the ER stress pathway by increasing inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) and PKR-like ER kinase (PERK) phosphorylation and transcription factor 6 (ATF6) expression. Moreover, DHP-3 increased the expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), which are downstream targets of PERK. In addition, DHP-3 inhibited the autophagy pathway by increasing the accumulation of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugate (LC3-II) and p62/sequestosome 1 (p62), while decreasing autophagic flux. Taken together, these results indicate that DHP-3 activates the ER stress pathway and inhibits the autophagy pathway, suggesting that the resulting removal of damaged organelles is inadequate.","PeriodicalId":17654,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicological Sciences","volume":"49 7","pages":"313-319"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141469109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Monitoring method for uranium concentration and chemical form in the droplet of rat serum. 大鼠血清液滴中铀浓度和化学形态的监测方法。

IF 1.8 4区医学

Journal of Toxicological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2131/jts.49.543

Akihiro Uehara, Izumi Tanaka, Hiroshi Ishihara, Daisuke Akiyama, Akira Kirishima, Shino Homma-Takeda

引用次数: 0

A simple air-liquid interface exposure system for exposing cultured human 3D epidermis and cornea to PM2.5 collected through cyclonic separation. 用于将培养的人体三维表皮和角膜暴露于通过旋风分离收集的 PM2.5 的简单气液界面暴露系统。

IF 2 4区医学

Journal of Toxicological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2131/jts.49.61

Maori Kono, Masayuki Takaishi, Tomoaki Okuda, Masashi Fujihara, Seisuke Noguchi, Yasuhiro Ishihara

{"title":"A simple air-liquid interface exposure system for exposing cultured human 3D epidermis and cornea to PM2.5 collected through cyclonic separation.","authors":"Maori Kono, Masayuki Takaishi, Tomoaki Okuda, Masashi Fujihara, Seisuke Noguchi, Yasuhiro Ishihara","doi":"10.2131/jts.49.61","DOIUrl":"10.2131/jts.49.61","url":null,"abstract":"Particulate matter (PM) is among the major air pollutants suspended in the atmosphere. PM2.5 has a particle size of 2.5 µm; it is known to cause inflammation, especially in the respiratory tract and skin. Since the skin acts a primary barrier against harmful environmental substances that may enter the body, it is highly exposed to PM2.5 present in the environment. However, the adverse health effects of PM2.5 exposure on human skin have not been accurately examined due to the lack of a system that exposes human epidermal tissue to the actual environmental concentration of PM2.5. In this study, we developed an air-liquid interface exposure system for exposing cultured human 3D epidermis and cornea to PM2.5 collected through cyclonic separation. PM2.5 suspension was nebulized in an acrylic chamber, and the resulting mist was pumped through a diffusion dryer into a glass exposure chamber. A particle counter was connected to the exposure chamber to continuously measure the spatial mass concentration of PM. Human 3D epidermis was cultured in the exposure chamber. Exposure of the human 3D epidermis to PM aerosol increased interleukin-8 release into the media around 50 µg/m3. Mass concentrations above 100 µg/m3 caused cell death. Furthermore, a human corneal model showed similar responses against PM2.5 exposure as 3D epidermis. The air-liquid interface exposure system developed in this study is considered useful for evaluating the health effects induced by environmental PM2.5 and can be used as an alternative to experiments involving actual human or animals.","PeriodicalId":17654,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicological Sciences","volume":"49 2","pages":"61-68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139723210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Breast milk-mediated exposure to dioxins and antigen in infancy enhances antigen-specific antibody production capacity in adulthood in mice. 小鼠在婴儿期通过母乳接触二恶英和抗原，可提高其成年后产生抗原特异性抗体的能力。

IF 2 4区医学

Journal of Toxicological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2131/jts.49.209

Hideki Kakutani, Tomohiro Yuzuriha, Teruyuki Nakao

{"title":"Breast milk-mediated exposure to dioxins and antigen in infancy enhances antigen-specific antibody production capacity in adulthood in mice.","authors":"Hideki Kakutani, Tomohiro Yuzuriha, Teruyuki Nakao","doi":"10.2131/jts.49.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2131/jts.49.209","url":null,"abstract":"The immune system is sensitive to many chemicals. Among dioxin compounds, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodizenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is the most toxic environmental pollutant. The effects of perinatal maternal exposure to dioxins may persist into childhood. However, there have been no reports to date on the effects of exposure to dioxins during infancy, when the immune organs are developing. Therefore, we investigated the effects of TCDD and antigen exposure during lactation on immune function, especially antibody production capacity, in adult mice. Beginning the day after delivery, lactating mothers were orally administered TCDD or a mixture of TCDD and ovalbumin (OVA) daily for 4 weeks, until the pups were weaned. At 6 weeks of age, progeny mice were orally administered OVA daily for 10 weeks, while non-progeny mice were orally administered OVA or a mixture of TCDD and OVA daily for 10 weeks. Production of serum OVA-specific IgG was examined weekly. The amount of TCDD transferred from the mother to the progeny via breast milk was determined by measuring TCDD in the gastric contents of the progeny. A trend toward increasing IgA titer was observed in TCDD-treated mice, and production of IgE was observed only in progeny whose mothers were treated with TCDD and OVA. The results suggest that exposure to TCDD and OVA in breast milk can affect immune function in newborns.","PeriodicalId":17654,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicological Sciences","volume":"49 5","pages":"209-218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140865616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Possible nonimmunological toxicological mechanisms of vesnarinone-associated agranulocytosis in HL-60 cells: role of reduced glutathione as cytotoxic defense. HL-60 细胞中与维司他酮相关的粒细胞减少症的可能非免疫毒理学机制：还原型谷胱甘肽在细胞毒性防御中的作用。

IF 2 4区医学

Journal of Toxicological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2131/jts.49.95

Toshihisa Koga, Yuko Sahara, Tadaaki Ohtani, Kaneko Yosuke, Ken Umehara

{"title":"Possible nonimmunological toxicological mechanisms of vesnarinone-associated agranulocytosis in HL-60 cells: role of reduced glutathione as cytotoxic defense.","authors":"Toshihisa Koga, Yuko Sahara, Tadaaki Ohtani, Kaneko Yosuke, Ken Umehara","doi":"10.2131/jts.49.95","DOIUrl":"10.2131/jts.49.95","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted as part of an investigation into the cause of vesnarinone-associated agranulocytosis. When HL-60 cells were exposed to vesnarinone for 48 hr, little cytotoxicity was observed, although reduced glutathione (GSH) content decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. Significant cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were observed when intracellular GSH content was reduced by treatment with L-buthionine-(S, R)-sulphoximine. The involvement of myeloperoxidase (MPO) metabolism was suggested, as when HL-60 cells were exposed to a reaction mixture of vesnarinone-MPO/H2O2/Cl-, cytotoxicity was also observed. In contrast, the presence of GSH (1 mM) protected against these cytotoxic effects. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the MPO/H2O2/Cl- reaction mixture revealed that vesnarinone was converted into two metabolites, (4-(3,4-dimethoxybenzoyl)piperazine [Metabolite 1: M1] and 1-chloro-4-(3,4-dimethoxybenzoyl)piperazine [Metabolite 2: M2]). M2 was identified as the N-chloramine form, a reactive metabolite of M1. Interestingly, M2 was converted to M1, which was accompanied by the conversion of GSH to oxidized GSH (GSSG). Furthermore, when HL-60 cells were exposed to synthetic M1 and M2 for 24 hr, M2 caused dose-dependent cytotoxicity, whereas M1 did not. Cells were protected from M2-derived cytotoxicity by the presence of GSH. In conclusion, we present the first demonstration of the cytotoxic effects and ROS production resulting from the MPO/H2O2/Cl- metabolic reaction of vesnarinone and newly identified the causative metabolite, M2, as the N-chloramine metabolite of M1, which induces cytotoxicity in HL-60 cells. Moreover, a protective role of GSH against the cytotoxicity was revealed. These findings suggest a possible nonimmunological cause of vesnarinone agranulocytosis.","PeriodicalId":17654,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicological Sciences","volume":"49 3","pages":"95-103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140022110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative sensitivity of laboratory animals used for preclinical convulsion risk assessment to drug-induced convulsion. 用于临床前惊厥风险评估的实验动物对药物诱发惊厥的敏感性比较。

IF 1.8 4区医学

Journal of Toxicological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2131/jts.49.409

Motohiro Shiotani, Yuki Seki, Misato Takano, Hiroki Ishihara, Masaki Mikamoto, Yoshitane Nozaki, Sanae Maeda, Tomohiko Taniguchi, Norimasa Miyamoto, Takashi Yoshinaga, Shoji Asakura

{"title":"Comparative sensitivity of laboratory animals used for preclinical convulsion risk assessment to drug-induced convulsion.","authors":"Motohiro Shiotani, Yuki Seki, Misato Takano, Hiroki Ishihara, Masaki Mikamoto, Yoshitane Nozaki, Sanae Maeda, Tomohiko Taniguchi, Norimasa Miyamoto, Takashi Yoshinaga, Shoji Asakura","doi":"10.2131/jts.49.409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2131/jts.49.409","url":null,"abstract":"Drug-induced convulsion is a serious concern in drug development, such that the convulsion liability of drug candidates must be evaluated in preclinical safety studies. However, information on the differences among species regarding their sensitivity to convulsions induced by convulsant drugs in humans remains limited. Here, we selected 11 test articles from several pharmacological classes and compared the sensitivities of three types of laboratory animal to convulsion. All 11 test articles were examined in mice via intraperitoneal injection and in rats via intravenous bolus; and 6 of the 11 test articles, selected mainly based on availabilities of data on drug plasma concentrations in humans at convulsion, were examined in non-human primates (NHPs) via intravenous infusion. Plasma concentrations of the test articles shortly after convulsion onset or 5 min after administration were measured. All 11 articles tested in mice, 10 of 11 articles tested in rats, and all 6 articles tested in NHPs induced convulsion with premonitory signs. Although there was a general tendency that rats and NHPs exhibited convulsions at lower plasma drug concentrations than did mice, the plasma concentrations at convulsion onset were generally comparable, within 3-fold differences, across the animal species. We conclude that the mice, rats, and NHPs examined in the present study generally showed similar sensitivities to convulsion induced by the test articles. Thus, each of these laboratory animals can be used for the assessment of convulsion risk in the early stages of drug development, depending on throughput, cost, and test article-specific requirements.","PeriodicalId":17654,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicological Sciences","volume":"49 9","pages":"409-423"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drosophila melanogaster as potential alternative animal model for evaluating acute inhalation toxicity. 将黑腹果蝇作为评估急性吸入毒性的潜在替代动物模型。

IF 2 4区医学

Journal of Toxicological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2131/jts.49.49

Yoon Cho, Chul Min Park, Yong-Ju Heo, Hae-Bin Park, Min-Seok Kim

引用次数: 0

Antimicrobial resistance in food-associated Escherichia coli in Mexico and Latin America. 墨西哥和拉丁美洲与食物有关的大肠杆菌的抗菌药耐药性。

IF 3.1 4区医学

Journal of Toxicological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2023-022

Lorena Babines-Orozco, María Guadalupe Balbuena-Alonso, Edwin Barrios-Villa, Patricia Lozano-Zarain, Ygnacio Martínez-Laguna, Rosa Del Carmen Rocha-Gracia, Gerardo Cortés-Cortés

{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance in food-associated Escherichia coli in Mexico and Latin America.","authors":"Lorena Babines-Orozco, María Guadalupe Balbuena-Alonso, Edwin Barrios-Villa, Patricia Lozano-Zarain, Ygnacio Martínez-Laguna, Rosa Del Carmen Rocha-Gracia, Gerardo Cortés-Cortés","doi":"10.12938/bmfh.2023-022","DOIUrl":"10.12938/bmfh.2023-022","url":null,"abstract":"The World Health Organization (WHO) considers antimicrobial resistance to be one of the critical global public health priorities to address. Escherichia coli is a commensal bacterium of the gut microbiota in humans and animals; however, some strains cause infections and are resistant to antibiotics. One of the most common ways of acquiring pathogenic E. coli strains is through food. This review analyzes multidrug-resistant E. coli isolated from food, emphasizing Latin America and Mexico, and the mobile genetic elements (MGEs) responsible for spreading antibiotic resistance determinants among bacteria in different environments and hosts. We conducted a systematic search of the literature published from 2015 to 2022 in open access databases and electronic repositories. The prevalence of 11 E. coli pathotypes was described, with diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes being the most frequently associated with foodborne illness in different Latin American countries, highlighting the presence of different antibiotic resistance genes mostly carried by IncF-type plasmids or class 1 integrons. Although the global incidence of foodborne illness is high, there have been few studies in Mexico and Latin America, which highlights the need to generate updated epidemiological data from the \"One Health\" approach, which allows monitoring of the multidrug-resistance phenomenon in E. coli from a common perspective in the interaction of human, veterinary, and environmental health.","PeriodicalId":17654,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicological Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":"4-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10767319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88816716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0