Hannah S. Earp, Dan A. Smale, Harry J. N. Catherall, Pippa J. Moore
{"title":"An assessment of the utility of green gravel as a kelp restoration tool in wave-exposed intertidal habitats","authors":"Hannah S. Earp, Dan A. Smale, Harry J. N. Catherall, Pippa J. Moore","doi":"10.1017/s0025315424000225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315424000225","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Kelp forests are being degraded and/or lost in many regions, and as such, interest in active kelp restoration approaches to reinstate forests is growing. ‘Green gravel’ is a promising new kelp restoration technique that involves seeding small rocks with kelp zoospores, rearing the gametophyte and juvenile sporophyte stages in aquaria before outplanting them at restoration sites. However, to be considered a viable approach to kelp forest restoration, the efficacy of this technique needs to be assessed across a range of environmental contexts and kelp species. Here, we aimed to understand the utility of green gravel as a kelp restoration technique for wave-exposed intertidal shores. Two substrate types – gravel and cobbles – were seeded with <span>Saccharina latissima</span>, reared in the aquarium and outplanted at two sites along the northeast coast of England. Outplanted rocks were monitored for retention, and the density and length of <span>S. latissima</span>. Juvenile sporophytes persisted on both rock types, although declines in density and variations in length were observed over time. Substrate retention was low, with gravel more likely to be removed from restoration sites compared to cobbles, and all outplanted rocks were lost after eight months. While our initial testing of the green gravel restoration technique on wave-exposed shores was not successful, our results provide important insights for developing/refining the technique and a baseline for comparison for future efforts. However, prior to commencing large-scale kelp restoration in wave-exposed areas using green gravel, further testing of the technique and comparisons with other restoration approaches are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140114933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriel Bittencourt Farias, Kaio Henrique Farias, Lucas Guedes Pereira Figueirêdo, Sigrid Neumann Leitão, Pedro Augusto Mendes De Castro Melo
{"title":"The first record of the calanoid family Pseudocyclopidae Giesbrecht, 1893 in the South Atlantic Ocean","authors":"Gabriel Bittencourt Farias, Kaio Henrique Farias, Lucas Guedes Pereira Figueirêdo, Sigrid Neumann Leitão, Pedro Augusto Mendes De Castro Melo","doi":"10.1017/s0025315424000183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315424000183","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nine hundred and ninety-two (992) specimens of <span>Pseudocyclops lerneri</span> Fosshagen, 1968 (Copepoda: Pseudocyclopidae) were collected from the largest South Atlantic coral reef, Abrolhos bank (17°20′–18°10′S; 38°35′–39°20′W). Specimens were distinguished from other <span>Pseudocyclops</span> spp. by a close examination of the female and male fifth leg. This is the first record of the family Pseudocyclopidae in the South Atlantic. We further indicate that the low number of studies on this species, and as a consequence, the poorly understood ecology of Pseudocyclopidae may be caused by the use of inadequate sampling methods, indicating the use of demersal-focused samplers, such as emergence traps as an alternative to the sampling of these bottom-dwelling copepods.</p>","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140114932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessika Alves, Elizabeth G. Neves, Rodrigo Johnsson
{"title":"A new species of Hourstonius (Amphipoda: Amphilochidae) from Todos-os-Santos Bay, Bahia State, Brazil, with an overview of the genus across the globe","authors":"Jessika Alves, Elizabeth G. Neves, Rodrigo Johnsson","doi":"10.1017/s002531542400016x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s002531542400016x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Amphilochidae comprises 92 species of small and colourful amphipods that live associated with sessile marine organisms. <span>Hourstonius</span> is one of the most diverse genera with 17 described species, most of the species are recorded from North Temperate Pacific and Tropical Atlantic and live in shallow waters. Only three species of Amphilochidae are recorded in Brazil, and from the genus <span>Hourstonius,</span> there is a single species, <span>H. wakabarae</span>. In the present work, we describe a new species of <span>Hourstonius</span> from Todos-os-Santos Bay, the second species of the genus to the country and the first record of this genus from Bahia State. A taxonomic key and an overview of the genus across the globe are also provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140097993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distribution of growth lines in the tube wall of serpulids (Polychaeta, Annelida)","authors":"Olev Vinn","doi":"10.1017/s0025315424000146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315424000146","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The frequency of growth increments in the tube wall of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic serpulids is in the range of modern species (i.e. 7–37 growth lines per 50 μm). The growth increments of serpulids do not show correlation with the water temperature and presumably cold water and warm water serpulid species are growing on average with similar speed in terms of number of growth lines per 50 μm. The large serpulid species have usually significantly larger growth increments than smaller species and presumably also grew faster than smaller species. The species with denser skeletons have lower growth rates than species with more porous skeletons. It is possible that serpulids do not have to calcify faster to produce thicker growth increments with lower density.</p>","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":"229 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140032936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Isabela Ribeiro Rocha Moraes, Larissa Zacari, Rafael de Carvalho Santos, Gabriel Fellipe Barros Rodrigues, Antonio Leão Castilho
{"title":"Abnormal symmetric chelipeds in an specimen of snapping shrimp Synalpheus fritzmuelleri Coutiere, 1909","authors":"Isabela Ribeiro Rocha Moraes, Larissa Zacari, Rafael de Carvalho Santos, Gabriel Fellipe Barros Rodrigues, Antonio Leão Castilho","doi":"10.1017/s0025315424000080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315424000080","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Morphological symmetry abnormalities in cheliped appendages of alpheid shrimps are extremely rare and poorly recorded in the literature. A symmetric minor cheliped were, for example, observed in queen females belonging to <span>Synalpheus</span> eusocial species. Symmetric major chelipeds were now described in <span>Synalpheus fritzmuelleri</span> individuals living in shallow Brazilian waters. These individuals were found in symbiotic association with the bryozoan <span>Schizoporella</span> sp. (biogenic substrate) adhering to the pilings of Ubatuba Bay docks, São Paulo State. Only one of 20 sampled <span>S. fritzmuelleri</span> individuals presented anomalous symmetric chelipeds. Based on carapace length, size, and morphological features, the analyzed specimens seemed to be juvenile; thus, the hypothesis of anomalous condition can be directly linked to genetic inhibition of the mechanism accounting for major cheliped development in this ontogeny phase. Studies like the present one often provide remarkable information on animal morphology and can be used as reference in evolutionary assessments to be conducted in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140033015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Itaru Kobayashi, Mai Hibino, Masaki Yamamoto, Toshihiko Fujita
{"title":"Description of a new Luidia species (Asteroidea: Paxillosida: Luidiidae) from Japan with molecular phylogenetic analysis of the genus Luidia","authors":"Itaru Kobayashi, Mai Hibino, Masaki Yamamoto, Toshihiko Fujita","doi":"10.1017/s0025315424000158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315424000158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><span>Luidia iwakiensis</span> n. sp. (Asteroidea, Echinodermata) is described in Japanese waters. A molecular phylogenetic analysis including 18 <span>Luidia</span> species supported Döderlein L (1920, <span>Siboga Expedition</span> 4, 193–291) four morphogroups. Morphological reconsideration revealed three of the eight criteria of the morphogroup adopted by Döderlein were justified, but the remaining five characters were rejected. The placement of the new species in the Ciliaris-group was supported by molecular as well as morphological evidence, however, it varies from other species of Ciliaris-group by arm number, length of major inferomarginal spines, and pedicellariae on actinal plates.</p>","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140033006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New records and range extension of two deep-sea skate genera, Amblyraja and Notoraja (Elasmobranchii: Rajiformes), in the southeastern Pacific Ocean","authors":"Fabiola Zavalaga, Ignacio Contreras, Sarita Campos-León, Andrey Moreno-Méndez, Maritza Saldarriaga","doi":"10.1017/s0025315424000122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315424000122","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two species of deep-sea skates, <span>Amblyraja frerichsi</span> and <span>Notoraja martinezi</span>, are reported for the first time in Peruvian waters, representing the first record of their respective genera from the country. Earlier, <span>A</span>. <span>frerichsi</span> was known from both the southwestern Atlantic (off Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina) and southeastern Pacific (off Chile), while <span>N</span>. <span>martinezi</span> was known from Costa Rica to Ecuador in the eastern-central and southeastern Pacific. This study contributes to the limited knowledge of deep-sea fish diversity along the South American west coast, and stresses the need of further taxonomic research in the region, particularly in light of the ecological importance of this group of fishes in marine ecosystems and its conservation state worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140033374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"First occurrence of ophiuroid-parasitic genus Ophieulima (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Eulimidae) in the North Pacific Ocean","authors":"Tsuyoshi Takano, Hisanori Kohtsuka, Masanori Okanishi","doi":"10.1017/s0025315424000110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315424000110","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A eulimid gastropod of the genus <span>Ophieulima</span>, parasitic on the disc of the ophiactid brittle star <span>Ophiactis dyscrita</span>, was collected from 256–343 m deep off Kanagawa, central Japan. This represents the first record of the genus from Japanese waters and even from the North Pacific Ocean. Here we describe it as <span>Ophieulima yoshiharai</span> n. sp. The generic assignment is justified by its conchological characters including (1) a small, conical shape with convex teleoconch whorls, (2) many fine growth lines and some strong growth pause scars on the teleoconch, (3) a well-developed, twisted columella, and (4) a multispiral, brownish transparent protoconch. <span>Ophieulima yoshiharai</span> n. sp. is distinguishable from the three (two named and one undescribed) extant, as well as two fossil congeners by its slender shell with the length of 2.1 times larger than width, a small aperture and a protoconch of 3.5 whorls. The new species is also characterized by its bathymetric distribution, which is shallower than the extant species of <span>Ophieulima</span>. On the other hand, the hosts of <span>Ophieulima</span> species are so far restricted to ophiuroids of the genus <span>Ophiactis</span> and the three named species have mostly been found attached to the lateral and/or dorsal sides of the host's disc, suggesting their similar parasitic ecology.</p>","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140032860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Isadora Campos de Almeida, Rafaelle Monteiro Nunes Messenger, Fabiola Fonseca Almeida Gomes, Davi Emanuel Ribeiro de Sousa, Rodolfo de França Alves, Isis Chagas de Almeida, Jociery Einhardt Vergara Parente, Daniel Alvares Silveira de Assis, João Carlos Gomes Borges
{"title":"Canid attacks on sea turtles along the Northeastern Brazilian Coast","authors":"Isadora Campos de Almeida, Rafaelle Monteiro Nunes Messenger, Fabiola Fonseca Almeida Gomes, Davi Emanuel Ribeiro de Sousa, Rodolfo de França Alves, Isis Chagas de Almeida, Jociery Einhardt Vergara Parente, Daniel Alvares Silveira de Assis, João Carlos Gomes Borges","doi":"10.1017/s0025315424000171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315424000171","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to report canid attacks on sea turtles in northeastern Brazil. The study was conducted on the Sergipe-Alagoas Basin coastline between March 2010 and October 2019. Injured-stranded sea turtles or carcasses were recorded through systematic beach monitoring. The specimens were submitted for clinical or postmortem assessments, providing evidence for the identification of injuries caused by canids. In the study period, 9841 stranded sea turtles were recorded, with the diagnosis of canid attacks in 55 (0.55%) events. <jats:italic>Lepidochelys olivacea</jats:italic> was the species with the largest number of events (90.90%), followed by <jats:italic>Chelonia mydas</jats:italic> (7.27%), and <jats:italic>Caretta caretta</jats:italic> (1.81%). The attacked sea turtles were clinically healthy, with a good body score and no apparent diseases; most were in the reproductive stage. The injuries were mainly found on the front flippers, with considerable loss of musculature affecting the brachial plexus, with the rupture of large blood vessels, and in some cases, exposure of the humerus or oesophagus. Thus, these events hampered the reproductive cycle, limiting the egg-laying process and preventing the hatching of hundreds of new turtles. Therefore, mitigating measures should be implemented, addressing the consequences of abandoning pets and their unsupervised presence on beaches.","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140033011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tonic immobility in a marine isopod: the effects of body size, sex, and colour morph","authors":"Koichi Igarashi, Satoshi Wada","doi":"10.1017/s0025315424000134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315424000134","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tonic immobility is considered an anti-predator defence, wherein prey adopts a motionless state in a characteristic posture elicited by external stimuli. The marine isopod <span>Cleantiella isopus</span> exhibits tonic immobility with an arch-like posture and motionless state lasting several seconds or minutes in response to external stimuli such as predatory attacks by fish. In this study, we describe tonic immobility by wild-caught <span>C. isopus</span> and examine the influence of body size, sex, and colour morph on the frequency and duration of tonic immobility. All individuals exhibited tonic immobility regardless of body size, sex, or colour morph, suggesting that the behaviour plays a major role in predator avoidance following detection by a predator. In males, smaller individuals exhibited more prolonged tonic immobility than larger individuals, whereas the relationship between the duration of tonic immobility and body size was unclear in females. Colour morph had no effect on the duration of tonic immobility. These findings provide a detailed documentation of tonic immobility in <span>C. isopus</span> and suggest that the factors affecting tonic immobility differ between males and females.</p>","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140010017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}