Journal of Veterinary Advances最新文献

{"title":"History of Sericulture in Turkey","authors":"O. Yılmaz","doi":"10.5455/JVA.20150417024109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JVA.20150417024109","url":null,"abstract":"According to ancient sources sericulture was started to be produced in China. Silkworm eggs were illegally exported from China by a Chinese Princess who married a royalty out of Chinese Imperial. Turks who were north neighbour nation of Chinese nation carried those silkworm eggs during their long journey to west. Silk used to be a crucial figure in world economy for centuries. The Silk Road was a political actor among powerful nations. Sericulture production was begun in Anatolia which is Asian part of Turkey in A.D. 552 during Byzantium Emperor of Justinianus. The city of Bursa became a textile city which was famous for silk and silk trade centre. In middle of 16 th century silk textile industry was developed. Apart from city of Bursa, cities of Istanbul, Edirne, Amasya, Denizli, Izmir and Konya were important sericulture centres. After Republic of Turkey has built, silkworm egg production, silkworm care and feed were protected under the Law of 859 in 1926. Some cooperative unions were built in Bursa, Bilecik and Adapazari in 1940 to protect and increase cocoon production. Later than those cooperatives were unified and they built Cocoon Sale Cooperatives Union of Bursa in 11 May 1940. Silkworm Egg Production Management of Cocoon Union which produced silkworm eggs was built in 1963. Turkey is one of the silkworm egg producer countries in the World. In this review history of sericulture was summarized.","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86829365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Amaranthus spinosus (green) leaf meal on the performance of broiler chicks.","authors":"Emmanuel Ahaotu, S. A. Adeyeye, N. Nnorom","doi":"10.14196/SJVA.V4I3.1851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJVA.V4I3.1851","url":null,"abstract":"A twenty eight -day feeding trial was conducted with one hundred and twenty 7-day old Anak 2000 broiler chicks to study the effects of green leaf (Amaranthus spinosus) as a dietary energy source. Amaranthus spinosus leaves dried and ground were used to each replace wheat offal in the following dietary levels: 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% respectively. The chicks were divided into five treatment groups, each group replicated four times at the rate of five chicks per replicate. The performance and organ weight characteristics were evaluated.  Amaranthus spinosus leaf meals improved the mean feed intake, body weight gain and live weight of broilers. The performance of broilers in the Amaranthus spinosus leaf meal based diets was inferior to the control. Amaranthus spinosus caused significant proportionate growth in % daily weight (p < 0.05) and carcass evaluation (p < 0.05). Utilization of Amaranthus spinosus significantly increased (p < 0.05) the % live weight of the abdominal fat thus improving the nutritive value of the meat.","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":"21-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79933698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A survey of external parasites of free-range chickens and their ethno-veterinary control remedies used by resource-limited farmers in Eastern Cape, South Africa.","authors":"B. Moyo, S. Moyo, P. Masika","doi":"10.14196/SJVA.V4I2.1820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJVA.V4I2.1820","url":null,"abstract":"In most rural areas, chicken infestation with external parasites poses a challenge to their productivity and associated benefits. External parasites cause anemia, thus reducing growth, egg production and may lead to death. They are mainly controlled by commercial remedies, although resource-limited farmers resort to using alternative remedies which are available and affordable. This study was conducted to document external parasites of free-range chickens and their ethno-veterinary control remedies used by resource-limited farmers. A questionnaire survey was conducted amongst 93 households, 3 of which were herbalists, in Eastern Cape, South Africa. The farmers considered several external parasites to be a problem: mites (79.6%) stick tight fleas (64.5%), lice (10.8%) and ticks (6.5%). Various ethno-veterinary remedies were used to control the parasites, which included ash (28%), madubula (26.7%) and Jeyes fluid  (10%) both of which are comprised of 13% carbolic acid, paraffin (8.4%), plants (5.2%), used engine oil (2.8%), dip wash (2.5%), doom spray (d-phenothrin 0.4%), blue death (permethrin 0.03%) (1.9%), diesel (1.9%), smoke (0.9%) and a few (4.2%) used conventional insecticides namely karbadust (carbarly 5%) and mercaptothion 5%). A small proportion (7.5%) does not use either of the remedies. The materials used by resource-limited farmers in controlling parasites were identified and documented.","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"43 1","pages":"13-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81155628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A field survey on the assessment of awareness about contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in rural pastoral communities of Dutsinma region, Katsina state, Nigeria","authors":"Jamilu Runka Yahaya, Abdulhadi Bawa Jibia, J. Sanusi, Aisha Nana Bakari","doi":"10.14196/sjva.v4i1.1808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/sjva.v4i1.1808","url":null,"abstract":"A field survey was conducted to assess the level of awareness about Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in rural pastoral communities of Dutsinma Region, Katsina state. Structured questionnaires and methods of participatory epidemiology were employed to generate data during the survey. It was observed that CBPP level of awareness in Dutsinma region is significantly associated with risk factors (p < 0.05). The study also shows that the level of awareness is not significantly associated with age of agro pastoralist in the region (p < 0.05). It was concluded that Most of the pastoralists in the region can only recognize signs such as coughing and labored breathing which are only evident during acute stage of the disease. Therefore, subclinical or chronic CBPP forms may likely have been passed unnoticed and thus unreported. Also, CBPP level of awareness in Dutsinma region is significantly associated with risk factors (livestock stocking density, herd type and location, climate change, sharing feed and water source and extensive grazing) and hence the need for Public health sensitization campaigns and the provision of grazing and watering facilities for livestock.","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"124 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88011318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Physiological Variables and Semen Characteristics of Anak 2000 Broiler Breeder Cocks","authors":"N. Uchechukwu, P. Rekwot, D. Ogwu, E. O. Odirichukwu","doi":"10.5455/JVA.20150605062211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JVA.20150605062211","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"13 1","pages":"968-975"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83601219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ovine Coccidiosis: A Case Report -","authors":"J. Oyewusi, I. Oyewusi, O. Takeet, O. Mustapha, O. Awoyomi, S. Olurode","doi":"10.5455/JVA.20150613041244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JVA.20150613041244","url":null,"abstract":"Parasitism in food animal is of great economic importance. Coccidiosis is one of the gastrointestinal parasites that have a high detrimental effect on the sheep industry. A two and a half year-old ram was brought from the northern part of Nigeria into the University Teaching and Research Farm, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria on the 30th December, 2010. About two weeks later, the ram was observed passing diarrheic feces, frequently urinating (4 minutes interval) and mucopurulent nasal discharge. Clinical examination revealed fever, congested mucous membrane, slight dehydration, matted hind-quarter, respiratory distress and lethargy. Based on clinical signs, intestinal protozoan infection and peste de petits ruminants (PPR) were tentatively diagnosed. Initial management which included metronidazole oral, 20% oxytetracycline, 20% tylosin and multivitamins yielded no positive response. Laboratory results revealed presence of heavy coccidian oocyst. The combination of potentiated oral sulphonamide and parenteral sulfadimidine sodium injection proved very effective. This report shows that sheep of any age bracket can present clinical condition of coccidiosis at any season of the year if exposed to factors that favour the incidence of the disease and also that advanced cases of ovine coccidiosis may need combination therapy for effective treatment.","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"84 1","pages":"1023-1028"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80180266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Internal Parasites of Intensively Managed Pigs Located in Nsukka, South-East Nigeria","authors":"Wosu M. I. J Vet","doi":"10.5455/JVA.20150613045945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JVA.20150613045945","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of Gastrointestinal helminths in intensively managed pig farms located in Nsukka, SouthEast Nigeria was investigated in this study. Eighty-three (83) pigs of different ages and sexes from seven farms located in Nsukka LGA were randomly selected for the study. Fecal samples were collected from the rectum of selected animals and subjected to standard parasitological analysis. Of the 83 pigs examined, 20 animals (24.10%) were infected with Gastrointestinal (GI) parasite species. Three types of GI parasites were observed in infected animals and they include Hyostrongylus rubidus (18.07%), Ascaris suum (2.62%) and Trichuris suis (2.41%). There were no observed cases of mixed infections in infected animals. Infection was also found to be higher in male (31.58%) than in female pigs. Adult pigs (25.71%) were however more infected than younger pigs. In conclusion, there is need for better attention to be paid to improved sanitary conditions, improved management practices and better veterinary intervention with an effective anthelminthic programme in the study area. Also with regard to the observed tendency of the farmers to self-medicate their animals, constant surveillance and monitoring as well as public education campaigns is advocated to prevent the onset of resistance to available therapeutics.","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"3 1","pages":"976-979"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88401922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Signs of Experimental Trypanosoma Evansi Infection in Donkeys: Ameliorative Effects of Isometamidium Chloride and Buparvaquone Treatments -","authors":"U. Garba, A. Sackey, I. Lawal, K. Esievo","doi":"10.5455/JVA.20150413121927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JVA.20150413121927","url":null,"abstract":"Trypanosoma evansi (T. evansi) infection causes a progressively wasting and ultimately fatal animal trypanosomosis mainly in camels, horses, donkeys, zebra, mules and cattle in Africa, Asia, Middle East and South America resulting in reduced traction power and annual death of thousands of affected animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ameliorative effects of Isometamidium chloride (standard trypanocide) and Buparvaquone (anti-theilerial drug) treatments on the clinical signs of T. evansi infection in donkeys as part of study on the efficacies of the drugs against T. evansi infection. Twenty four apparently healthy donkeys were used for the experiment. The animals were housed, fed on hay and concentrate feed, and water was provided adlibitum. Animals were identified with neck-tags and grouped into 4 namely; groups A1, A2, A3 (T. evansiinfected groups) and B (control) of 6 animals each (3 males and 3 females) at random. Two milliliters of buffered, parasitaemic Wister rat blood containing 2.0x10 of T. evansi (Sokoto isolate) was used to infect each of all donkeys in the ‘A’ category through jugular vein. On day28 post-infection, groups A2 and A3 animals were treated with Isometamidium chloride and Buparvaquone respectively. Groups A1 and B remained as Infected-Untreated and Un-infected-Untreated respectively. Animals were monitored and evaluated postinfection and post-treatment for clinical signs including vital parameters and body weight changes. The effects of treatments on the observed-parameters were evaluated. Result showed that T. evansi infection in donkeys is predominantly a chronic disease, with an incubation period of 3-7 days. Isometamidium chloride treated group showed greater reduction in prevalence of signs than buparvaquone treated group which did not differ much from the Un-treated group. It was concluded that Trypanosoma evansi infection in donkeys is a chronic disease and treatment with Isometamidium chloride, ameliorates the clinical signs while buparvaquone does not.","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"9 1","pages":"891-901"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80786209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Experimental Fasciola Gigantica Infection on Serum Testosterone Profiles and their Relationship with Semen Characteristics of Yankasa Ram","authors":"D. Iliyasu, Chiezey Ngozi Paulline, R. J. Sankey, I. U. Ate, Ajanusi Joseph, O. Olayinka, B. Elias","doi":"10.5455/JVA.20150513122324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JVA.20150513122324","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to evaluate the effects of Fasciolosis on serum testosterone profiles and semen characteristics of Yankasa rams. Twelve, apparently healthy, Yankasa rams aged 18-24 months were randomly divided into two groups (infected group A and control group B) with seven and five rams, respectively. The rams werekept under intensive management in different pens throughout the study period. Group A rams were inoculated with 800 metacecariae orally and monitored for 12 weeks Post Infection (PI). Clinical signs were manifested 2 weeks PI. Faecal examination revealed Fasciola eggs at week 7 PI in group A. Three mL of blood were collected aseptically via the jugular vein at 30 min interval, weekly between 08:00-9:00am for serum testosterone assay. Testosterone assay was done using ELISA technique. There was significant decrease in testosterone concentration in group A at different time intervals of the weeks of post-infection. The semen analysis showed the lowest mean (±SEM) of semen volume, semen motility, semen concentration, of group A, as (0.01±0.0 mL), (3.6±2.4%), (16.1±4.2%) compared to group B with mean (±SEM) (1.6±0.1 mL), (93.0±1.2%), (440.0±13.0%) at week 7 post- infection, respectively. This study revealed that Fasciolosis has a great impact on sheep mainly by diminishing their reproductive efficiency and rendering infected rams infertile. It is concluded that F. gigantica infectionhad advanced effects on testosterone production and semen quality of Yankasa rams.","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"50 1","pages":"938-944"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74668846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory Mycoplasma Infection in Chickens in Nsukka Agro-Ecological Zone, Enugu State, Nigeria","authors":"N. Kalu, K. Chah, B. Anene, W. Ezema","doi":"10.5455/JVA.20150725122400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JVA.20150725122400","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence, antibacterial susceptibility profile and pathogenic potentials of respiratory mycoplasmas in chickens in Nsukka Agro-ecological zone were evaluated. Mycoplasmas were isolated from 12(3.8%) of the 312 chickens sampled.3 (20%) of the farms were positive for mycoplasmas and were all located in Nsukka LGA. Out of 12 mycoplasmas isolated, 7(58%) were Mycoplasma species, while 5 (42%) were Ureaplasma species. The Mycoplasma species were isolated from clinically healthy birds while the Ureaplasma species were from birds with respiratory signs. Ten (83.3%) of the isolates belonged to glucose-positive arginine-negative group while 2 (16.7%) belonged to glucose-negative arginine-negative group. Four (33.3%) of the isolates were sensitive to erythromycin, while 5 (41.7%), 9 (75%), 11 (91.7%), 11 (91.7%) were sensitive to streptomicin, gentamicin, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin respectively. Experimental infection was established and mycoplasmas were re-isolated from all infected groups. No clinical signs were observed in any of the infected birds. Oxytetracycline treated birds remained infected throughout the duration of experiment. Infection in the Tylosindoxycycline and tylosin (pure) treated groups was eliminated by days 6 and 3 post treatment respectively. This study has demonstrated that chickens, especially layers, in Nsukka agroecological zone harbour mycoplasmas that are highly sensitive to tylosin.","PeriodicalId":17430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Advances","volume":"63 1","pages":"1036-1045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85009925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}