Xinping Song, Jingwei Lv, Jianxin Wang, Wei Liu, Famei Wang, Weiqiang Wang, Zao Yi, Miao Liu, Qiang Liu, Paul K Chu, Chao Liu
{"title":"High-temperature-resistant strain sensor based on the asymmetric tapered Fabry-Pérot fiber.","authors":"Xinping Song, Jingwei Lv, Jianxin Wang, Wei Liu, Famei Wang, Weiqiang Wang, Zao Yi, Miao Liu, Qiang Liu, Paul K Chu, Chao Liu","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.559487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.559487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A high-temperature-resistant strain sensor based on an asymmetric tapered Fabry-Pérot fiber (FPI) structure is designed and validated experimentally. The strain sensor is constructed by fusing two standard single-mode optical fibers to form a microbubble and applying a taper on one side of the microbubble to form the asymmetric tapered structure. The strain characteristics of the sensor in the temperature range from room temperature to 425°C are determined. A good linear relationship is observed between the wavelength displacement and tensile strain in this temperature range. The strain sensitivity is 47.69 pm/µε at 25°C, and the linear response is reproducible in the range of 0-300 µε. In addition, the wavelength displacement due to the applied strain is stable with respect to each 100°C increase in the temperature, indicating that the FPI sensor has good temperature stability in the strain range between 0 and 300 µε. The average temperature sensitivity is 1.56 pm/°C in the temperature range between 25°C and 425°C, and the cross-sensitivity is very low. Our results show that the FPI sensor has strong resistance to high temperatures, boding well for applications such as aerospace components, metal processing, and gas boilers.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 7","pages":"1031-1038"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Incident multi-wavelength mono-ray caustics of rays exiting an isosceles prism, half flanked by a two-ray intersection dihedral space in the form of a Japanese hat.","authors":"Paul-Étienne Ouellette","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.563479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.563479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Any multi-wavelength ray refracts producing as many divergent refracted rays as its wavelength content and, consequently, a virtual caustic. The so-called white ray with its continuous wavelength distribution constitutes the most patent case. M. V. Berry, in J. Opt. Soc. Am. A39, C45 (2022)JOAOD60740-323210.1364/JOSAA.474473, is probably the first to have considered such a refractive caustic produced by the emerging rays from a glass prism illuminated by a single ray of white light. On the one hand, he focused on the volume dimensions (hereafter the dihedral flank) delimited by the caustic and the two extreme colored rays of the visible spectrum and, on the other hand, on its inside color distribution, establishing under what conditions it could be observed. Berry speaks of colors and uses approximate formulas partly based on a particular ray incidence angle in order to obtain the <i>k</i>=0 caustic, with k being the number of inside reflections. Here, one uses the refraction index N as an independent variable in the mathematical treatment and deduces exact formulas for <i>k</i>=0 to <i>k</i>=17 caustics (N-caustics), using thereafter the optical relation linking N and wavelength value. Regarding <i>k</i>=0N-caustic and its dihedral flank dimensions, differences with the results in Berry's paper are explained.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 7","pages":"1013-1024"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multispectral imaging colorimetric measurement method with illumination-adaptive white calibration.","authors":"Yue Yuan, Ruoduan Sun, Xufen Xie, XueYan Zhang, Liang Qu, Shining Ma, Juntao Li, Yue Liu, Yongtian Wang, Weitao Song","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.547754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.547754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate and standardized color measurement of non-planar surfaces in non-contact scenarios remains a challenge, primarily due to complex measurement conditions such as uncontrolled illumination and variable surface scattering properties. To address this issue, a multispectral imaging colorimetric measurement method for non-planar surfaces based on uniform illumination and illumination-adaptive white calibration was proposed. The colorimetric characterization method relies on spectral reconstruction using a multiple-channel input backpropagation neural network, which processes the imaging system's output with illumination-adaptive white calibration and spectral fusion techniques. A device has been developed following this method, consisting of a large integrating sphere, an eight-channel multispectral camera, and a stepper motor-driven rotating table. To reduce the impact from the illumination, the rotating table, coated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), allows for sample placement and illumination-adaptive white calibration. After applying PTFE data correction to the test samples, the average reconstruction error decreased from 2.4 to 1.5 in terms of CIEDE2000 color difference units. To assess the measurement deviation on glossy curved surfaces at different angles, we tested it on a blue-and-white porcelain object with a smooth glaze. The <i>Δ</i><i>E</i><sub>00</sub> remained below 2 across observation angles, demonstrating superior accuracy over conventional point light sources for glossy objects. The device was subsequently used to measure porcelain exhibits at the Forbidden City. Experimental results confirmed that the proposed method ensures uniform and stable diffuse lighting and effectively combines digital imaging with spectroscopy, making it a powerful tool for precise color analysis in the non-contact domain.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 7","pages":"898-907"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zan Jin, Shining Ma, Yue Liu, Yongtian Wang, Weitao Song
{"title":"Brightness function across varying adapting luminance in head-mounted displays.","authors":"Zan Jin, Shining Ma, Yue Liu, Yongtian Wang, Weitao Song","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.557502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.557502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brightness functions describe the relationship between perceived brightness and stimulus luminance under various viewing conditions. Previous studies have highlighted the effects of adapting luminance and ambient conditions on perceived brightness. Brightness functions are essential for ensuring accurate tone reproduction across different media and viewing conditions. Most prior research on this topic has been conducted in real environments using either simple or complex stimuli. With the development of head-mounted displays (HMDs), the need for accurate tone reproduction in 3D virtual scenes has emerged, requiring accurate brightness functions for different adapting luminance levels. However, brightness perception in HMDs has been scarcely investigated, and it remains unclear whether traditional brightness functions are applicable to HMDs. To address this gap, this study employed a magnitude estimation method to collect brightness ratings for stimuli in complex images under varying adapting luminance levels. The results revealed a systematic deviation between the observed brightness ratings and the model predictions, with stimuli appearing brighter in HMDs, particularly under low adapting luminance levels. This finding suggests that viewing conditions in HMDs-likely influenced by their limited field of view-affect brightness perception compared to real-world scenes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 7","pages":"927-937"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hassan T Al-Ahsab, Mingjian Cheng, Ibrahim G H Loqman, Faroq Saad, Abdu A Alkelly
{"title":"Generalized modified hollow vortex Gaussian beam.","authors":"Hassan T Al-Ahsab, Mingjian Cheng, Ibrahim G H Loqman, Faroq Saad, Abdu A Alkelly","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.562863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.562863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vortex beams have attracted growing interest owing to their unique propagation properties and wide range of applications. This study introduces, to our knowledge, a new model of a vortex beam called a modified hollow vortex Gaussian beam (MHVGB). Based on the Collins integral formula, within the framework of the paraxial approximation, an analytical expression of the propagation of MHVGBs through an ABCD optical system was derived and applied for propagation in free space and through a spherical lens. We compared its propagation properties with those of a hollow Gaussian beam, modified hollow Gaussian beam, and hollow vortex Gaussian beam, which are special cases of the MHVGB, indicating that the modification parameter adds a new dimension of controlling hollow beam properties. Experimental validation of the MHVGB model confirmed its consistency with theoretical predictions. Tight focusing of a radially polarized MHVGB was investigated. The formation of flat-topped beams was observed when specific parameter values were chosen. This vortex beam model may find applications in optical manipulation and particle trapping.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 7","pages":"1039-1047"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Direct panoramic optical imaging for closed surfaces.","authors":"Chao Yang, Fei Sun, Ran Sun, Yichao Liu","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.547247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.547247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Common methods for panoramic imaging of closed surfaces currently involve the use of motion or multiple cameras, combined with image processing algorithms to reconstruct a full-perspective image. These methods require image reconstruction and post-processing, which limits the accuracy of the imaging. In this study, we propose a silver-glass composite layered structure with subwavelength spacing to create an equivalent null medium in the optical band. By utilizing the null medium's directional projection property of optical waves, what we believe to be a novel lens, the direct panoramic optical imaging lens (DPOIL), is designed. Both 2D and 3D simulated results demonstrate that the proposed DPOIL can directly project a full-perspective optical pattern from a closed curved object surface onto a flat image plane. It achieves direct panoramic imaging over a wide spectral band from 544 to 734 nm for TM-polarized waves. The imaging process does not require image reconstruction or post-processing, thus enhancing the accuracy of panoramic imaging. The DPOIL proposed in this study has potential applications in biological surface imaging, panoramic detection, and other scenarios requiring panoramic direct imaging of closed surfaces within the optical band.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 7","pages":"870-877"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kang Liu, Jia Wu, Jing Cao, Rusheng Zhuo, Xiaoxi Chen, Qiang Zhou, Pinghe Wang, Guohua Shi
{"title":"High-contrast dual-modal imaging of absorption and scattering using low-rank and sparse matrix decomposition of light fields.","authors":"Kang Liu, Jia Wu, Jing Cao, Rusheng Zhuo, Xiaoxi Chen, Qiang Zhou, Pinghe Wang, Guohua Shi","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.552041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.552041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optical absorption and scattering are critical properties of biological tissues, but strong background light often obscures this information, limiting imaging contrast and the visualization of tissue microstructures. Current methods for enhancing imaging contrast rely on image processing and noise suppression, but often lose critical details under strong background light. To address this issue, we propose a dual-modal imaging technique based on a low-rank and sparse matrix decomposition (LRSD) of light fields, enabling simultaneous high-contrast imaging of absorption and scattering and significantly improving imaging performance. Monte Carlo simulation results demonstrate that the low-rank component of the light field effectively separates background light, while the sparse component accurately captures the absorption and scattering properties of the target. In imaging experiments on skin follicle tissues, this method successfully extracted absorption and scattering information, achieving a twofold improvement in imaging contrast, with the SNR improving by 2.97 dB and significantly enhancing the visualization of tissue microstructures. Compared to traditional image filtering methods, the LRSD technique showed superior performance under strong background light conditions. Furthermore, imaging experiments on different regions of rabbit taste bud slices further validated the broad applicability and potential of this method in biological imaging. The high-contrast dual-modal imaging method proposed in this study demonstrates exceptional capabilities in visualizing the tissue structure, offering an innovative solution for the clinical evaluation of pathological sections.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 7","pages":"989-995"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Crosstalk of ring Airy Gaussian vortex beams disturbed by hazy scattering media and its suppression.","authors":"Qin Fu, Liyu Zhou","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.560817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.560817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The scattering medium significantly degrades the quality of the ring Airy Gaussian vortex beam (RAGVB) and induces crosstalk among orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes, thereby impairing the performance of OAM-based optical communication systems. In this study, we systematically investigate the effects of the scattering medium on the OAM spectral crosstalk in RAGVBs. Furthermore, we propose a correction scheme that combines the light intensity transport equation with a modified Gerchberg-Saxton phase retrieval algorithm (ITE-GS) to mitigate the impact of the scattering medium and ensure stable transmission of RAGVBs. These findings may have broad applications in optical communication, rotational sensing, and other related fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 7","pages":"945-949"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental approach to single-image dehazing and color restoration of foggy scenes.","authors":"Prasenjit Praharaj, Manoj Kumar Bhuyan","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.558862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.558862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Navigating fog-obscured environments poses a significant challenge, especially for advanced technologies like driver-assistance systems, due to severely impaired visibility and distorted object colors. To address this, we conducted, to our knowledge, a novel study investigating color degradation in a controlled artificial fog chamber, systematically varying fog depth (30-70 cm) and density (expressed in MOR of 55-300 cm) using a puzzle cube featuring a variety of color blocks as a color target. To restore color in foggy images, we developed a hybrid single-image dehazing technique uniquely incorporating experimentally derived, MOR-dependent color decay models.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 7","pages":"918-926"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fabricating polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) human dermal phantoms with tunable scattering across 900 to 1350 nm.","authors":"Oluwadamilola O Oke, Jason Zara","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.557983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.557983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents a protocol for fabricating polydimethylsiloxane phantoms designed to mimic the optical scattering properties of human dermal tissue across the 900-1350 nm wavelength range. Titanium dioxide (<i>T</i><i>i</i><i>O</i><sub>2</sub>) was employed as a scattering agent to achieve tunable reduced scattering coefficients (<i>μ</i><i>s</i><i>'</i>). Concentration plots of <i>μ</i><i>s</i><i>'</i> versus <i>T</i><i>i</i><i>O</i><sub>2</sub> displayed a linear relationship utilized to develop a predictive framework for the customized fabrication of phantoms by future research groups. Optical stability tests demonstrated <i>μ</i><i>s</i><i>'</i> stability over 31 days, though a decline was observed at higher <i>T</i><i>i</i><i>O</i><sub>2</sub> concentrations. This work supports advancements in tissue-mimicking phantoms for optical device testing and validation and promotes approaches to clinical translation and experimental design.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"42 7","pages":"950-959"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}