Phu Do Tuong, Xuan Mai Huu, Dang Le Cao, Tin Tran Trung, Khai Le Quoc, Linh Huynh Quang
{"title":"Modeling the cross-sectional shape of the human crystalline lens using age-related parameters instead of the conic constant.","authors":"Phu Do Tuong, Xuan Mai Huu, Dang Le Cao, Tin Tran Trung, Khai Le Quoc, Linh Huynh Quang","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.588577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.588577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditional conic-based models rely on conic constants, which exhibit high interindividual variability and limited age correlation, hindering population-level modeling. This study introduces a modified Poisson-Gauss (moPG) model, an enhancement of the Poisson-Gauss (PG) framework, to describe the human crystalline lens cross-sectional shape using solely age-related geometric parameters. The moPG extends the Poisson parameter <i>m</i> to real values via the Gamma function for continuous accommodation simulation and incorporates an equatorial curvature parameter <i>k</i>, inspired by Köller's egg equation, for independent equatorial control. Analyzing pupil-limited conditions in OCT and MRI datasets, a non-zero <i>k</i> was suggested for biological plausibility. Evaluations on <i>in vitro</i> lens profiles (<i>n</i>=10) showed better fitting than the PG model, with reduced dependence on the lens shape factor. moPG-derived surface areas, estimated from <i>eigenlenses</i>-model-derived geometric parameters, correlated strongly (Pearson correlation <i>r</i>=0.999,<i>p</i><0.001) with <i>eigenlenses</i> surface area estimates from 83 <i>in vivo</i> measurements. Age-dependent simulations using two regression datasets yielded similar anterior-posterior thickness ratios but differing conic constants, further supporting the geometric consistency of the moPG formulation. Moreover, age-related equatorial changes arise from complementary effects: decreasing <i>k</i>>0 drives equatorial radius increase, while increasing <i>m</i> promotes progressive equatorial rounding.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"43 4","pages":"610-619"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Method of field expansions for multiply layered media with quasiperiodic interfaces.","authors":"David P Nicholls","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.581428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.581428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Periodic structures are foundational in applied optics; however, more permissive forms of periodicity are becoming increasingly important in electromagnetics. Due to both their central importance and the high cost of their production at the nanoscale, numerical approximation of scattering by such structures is very important. In this paper, the author derives, implements, and validates the generalization of the method of field expansions (FEs), a classical high-order perturbation of surfaces (HOPS) algorithm, to numerically simulate multiply layered media scattering in the presence of quasiperiodic interfaces. This interfacial HOPS approach is not only substantially faster for layered media configurations than its volumetric counterparts (e.g., finite difference or finite element methods), but also useful for structures that the classical FE method would find severely challenging (for interfaces with widely disparate periods) or impossible (for profiles with incommensurate periods), due to its enhanced capability of simulating quasiperiodic interfaces. With an implementation of this algorithm, the author investigates the (nonlinear) dispersion relation of surface plasmon resonances on several increasingly difficult, alternately vacuum-silver, multiply layered structures with quasiperiodic interfaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"43 4","pages":"563-574"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Minimal equivalent Abbe number under the constraint of lens surface shapes for hyperchromatic doublet lenses.","authors":"Ailin Zhang, Rongsheng Lu, Cheng Ge, Yan Xu","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.580118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.580118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The minimum equivalent Abbe number can be used to describe the maximum axial dispersion achievable by a hyperchromatic doublet lens. In this study, the axial dispersion limit of such a doublet is investigated under the constraints of lens surface shapes. The paraxial formula with respect to lens curvature is organized to find the relationship between the equivalent Abbe number and the parameters of the glass material. Using data from an optical glass database, the minimum equivalent Abbe number is computed for different types of glass combinations. Ray tracing is then employed to simulate non-paraxial systems for validation purposes. The result reveals that the doublet exhibits an average minimum equivalent Abbe number of 10.5 when surface shape constraints are considered. The preferred glass combination tends toward H-ZPK2A for the first element and H-ZF73 for the second. Furthermore, this study presents the design of a chromatic confocal optical probe, which satisfies dispersion specifications and achieves an energy utilization efficiency 1.2 to 2.9 times that of the reference commercial probe across the measurement range. This research provides guidance for selecting suitable initial structures based on different dispersion requirements in hyperchromatic optical systems, thereby reducing the difficulty of subsequent optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"43 4","pages":"575-584"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Single-mode condition for a rib waveguide on the SOI platform: a revisit with new perspective.","authors":"Baokun Li, Haibo Liang, Chonglei Sun, Liuge Du, Jia Zhao, Weiping Huang","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.583093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.583093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rib waveguides are one of the most widely used optical waveguide structures in integrated photonics, primarily owing to their low propagation loss and ease of control. A unique and often highly desirable feature of the rib waveguides is that even when the overall cross-sectional dimension of the waveguide is large, single-mode conditions can still be achieved with specific structural configurations. In this work, we revisit and analyze the single-mode conditions for the rib waveguides using an insightful mode-matching method. Based on the theoretically exact single-mode condition, a set of highly accurate empirical single-mode conditions are established for silicon-on-insulator (SOI) rib waveguides with different cross-sections: a true single-mode condition, ensuring exclusive propagation of the HE<sub>11</sub> mode, and a quasi-single-mode condition, which also allows the EH<sub>11</sub> mode. These conditions are verified using both Si and silicon nitride waveguides in SOI platforms. The proposed single-mode condition is of great significance for achieving high-density, low loss, and highly reliable silicon photonic integrated circuits.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"43 4","pages":"648-656"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Autofocusing characteristics of Bessel-modulated circular Airy and circular Airyprime beams propagating in free space.","authors":"Zihan Zhao, Ruojun Wei, Junguang Ren, Liping Zhang, Benyi Wang, Haojie Li, Zhongsheng Man, Xiaolu Ge","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.590650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.590650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The propagation dynamics and autofocusing behaviors of the Bessel-modulated circular Airy beam (BMCAB) and the Bessel-modulated circular Airyprime beam (BMCAPB) in free space are investigated. The results demonstrate that the number (one or two) of focal points of these two beams could be manipulated by the initial beam width <i>w</i><sub>0</sub>, the primary ring radius <i>r</i><sub>0</sub>, and the exponential decay factor <i>a</i>. The BMCAPB possesses stronger focusing ability and wider dual-focus adjustable range than the BMCAB, whereas the BMCAB can be flexibly switched between single-focus and dual-focus modes. The focusing positions and the peak intensity can be precisely controlled by the focal length <i>f</i>. Interestingly, a needle-like optical field with controllable needle length could be formed by changing the focal length <i>f</i> of the BMCAB. Furthermore, the BMCAPB provides stronger optical trapping at the front focus, while the BMCAB offers more stable forces at the rear focus.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"43 4","pages":"640-647"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Continuous recovery of phase from a single interferogram.","authors":"V Berejnov, B Y Rubinstein","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.591191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.591191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new mathematical framework, to our knowledge, for phase recovery from a single two-beam interferogram is presented. Conventional approaches, relying on trigonometric inversion followed by phase unfolding and unwrapping, are hindered by discontinuities typically addressed through intricate algorithms. Our approach bypasses the unfolding and unwrapping, instead formulating a first-order differential equation directly relating the phase to the interferogram. Integration of this equation enables continuous retrieval of phase along any straight path. Representing a new class of analytical tools for single-interferogram phase retrieval, this approach is derived from first principles and accommodates both Newton-type and Fizeau-type interferograms. Its performance is demonstrated on multiple idealized synthetic interferograms of increasing complexity, validating against the known seed phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"43 4","pages":"688-698"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bandwidth-optimized regularization for low-frequency recovery in quantitative phase imaging.","authors":"Alejandro Silva, Julia Alonso","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.586325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.586325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We propose the expanded matrix solution of the transport of intensity equation (EMS-TIE), introducing a tunable parameter (<i>th</i>) to the Tikhonov regularization term. This design addresses the limitation of conventional Tikhonov solvers, where the filter's bandwidth is strictly coupled to the cutoff frequency. By decoupling these parameters, the proposed design allows for tuning the filter shape to optimize signal recovery. Simulations and experiments demonstrate that increasing passband width significantly reduces retrieval error and enhances low-frequency phase recovery, outperforming standard Tikhonov-based methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"43 4","pages":"A1-A10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antisymmetric Mueller generator as the universal origin of geometric phase in classical polarization and quantum two-level systems.","authors":"José J Gil","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.586965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.586965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We show that the antisymmetric Mueller generator provides a universal algebraic kernel for geometric phase in classical polarization optics and in quantum two-level systems. For any ideal retarder, the antisymmetric 3×3 block of its Mueller matrix (the antisymmetric generator of the adjoint <i>S</i><i>U</i>(2) action on the Stokes vector) encodes the angular-velocity vector that drives the tangential motion on the Poincaré sphere and fully determines the Pancharatnam-Berry phase, while the symmetric block is geometrically neutral. The same antisymmetric generator governs the evolution of pure qubit states on the Bloch sphere. This unified viewpoint yields operational criteria to identify and control geometric-phase contributions from measured Mueller matrices and from qubit process tomography.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"43 3","pages":"507-515"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147474187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Completing an experimental non-depolarizing Mueller matrix with both a row and a column missing.","authors":"Razvigor Ossikovski, Oriol Arteaga","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.588312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.588312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Real-time imaging or spectroscopic applications of Mueller matrix polarimetry (or generalized ellipsometry) often require the acquisition of partial Mueller matrices only. We advance an efficient algebraic procedure allowing for the completion of a partial Mueller matrix, a row and a column of which are missing, i.e., only nine out of the 16 elements of which are measured, to a full Mueller matrix, assuming the measurement is non-depolarizing. Unlike already existing approaches, the novel one does not require the calculation of auxiliary quantities, such as the Jones matrix or the covariance matrix, and does not resort to any approximations, e.g., that of weak anisotropy, thus making it both fast and accurate. The algebraic procedure is validated under real-time experimental conditions during spectroscopic measurements using a snapshot instrument and can be used in both reflection and transmission measurement configurations.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"43 3","pages":"488-494"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147474234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew J Faulkner, John C Schotland, Vadim A Markel, Lucia Florescu
{"title":"Hybrid broken-ray tomography.","authors":"Matthew J Faulkner, John C Schotland, Vadim A Markel, Lucia Florescu","doi":"10.1364/JOSAA.587566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.587566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We introduce the hybrid broken-ray tomography (HBRT) for three-dimensional imaging of weakly scattering systems. The HBRT utilizes fluorescent contrast agents and combines the principles and advantages of the broken-ray tomography and the non-reciprocal broken-ray tomography introduced by us previously. The HBRT uses angularly resolved intensity measurements at the incident and fluorescence wavelengths to reconstruct the attenuation and scattering coefficients at the excitation wavelength anywhere within the sample, as well as the attenuation coefficient at the fluorescence wavelength and the contrast agent concentration in the regions of contrast agent accumulation. The principles of HBRT have been validated by Monte Carlo simulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":17382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Optical Society of America A-optics Image Science and Vision","volume":"43 3","pages":"474-487"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147474198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}