Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society最新文献

{"title":"A Challenge","authors":"R. Daniel Little","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.2077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.2077","url":null,"abstract":"The present contribution overviews several aspects of my groups’ involvement in the field of mediated electron transfer. From the laboratories of its pioneers to the present day, the field maintains a position of interest and fundamental importance, and is now widely accepted and utilized. I begin with a brief review of the basics where we will:
 
 differentiate mediated and direct electrolysis;
 highlight similarities between it and sensitized photolyses;
 explore the steps/stages associated with a mediated process focusing particularly upon the kinetics and thermodynamics of the electron transfer step;
 describe how to overcome the thermodynamic impasse that frequently accompanies electron transfer.
","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135949536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History and Perspectives from My Contribution to the Development of Electrochemistry in Mexico","authors":"Yunny Meas","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.2000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.2000","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Dr. Yunny Meas tells us about his participation in the development of electrochemistry in Mexico, from his beginnings as a guest researcher at CINVESTAV in 1978, through a short period at UNAM and a prolonged period at UAM-Iztapalapa, to the current creation and maturation of CIDETEQ. He relates his professional experiences with each stage's political and economic conditions, which taught him how to focus his R&D lines to help the sustainable growth of the region and the country. Resumen. El Dr. Yunny Meas nos relata su participación en el desarrollo de la electroquímica en México, desde sus inicios como investigador invitado en el CINVESTAV en 1978, pasando un periodo corto en la UNAM y un periodo más largo en la UAM- Iztapalapa, hasta la creación y maduración actual del CIDETEQ. Relaciona las experiencias profesionales con las condiciones políticas y económicas de cada etapa, que le sirvieron de lecciones para aprender a enfocar sus líneas de I &D para ayudar al crecimiento sostenible de la región y del país.","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135949539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical and Instructive Approach to Purify Acetonitrile for a Wide Electrochemical Window","authors":"Mario Ávila-Gutierrez, Salvador Gutierrez-Portocarrero, Luis Corono-Elizarrarás, Mario A. Alpuche Aviles","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.2013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.2013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Because of its large electrochemical window, acetonitrile (MeCN) is one of the most widely used solvents in electrochemistry. It is a suitable solvent for nonaqueous electrolytes that allows studies of cathodic and anodic processes, but electrolyte purification remains challenging. As received, the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade is unsuitable for most electroanalytical applications. We present an approach to optimize the purification of HPLC-grade acetonitrile to yield a tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (TBAP)/MeCN electrolyte for experiments in nonaqueous media. We used cyclic voltammetry (CV) to show the background due to impurities and to guide the experimental design to a background current acceptable for CVs of a 1 mM typical concentration of a redox-active molecule. We use 3A molecular sieves, followed by distillation over CaH2 with a final treatment with Al2O3. The optimized procedure yields CH3CN with small background currents, increasing the signal-to-noise ratio and minimizing chemical complications over a wide potential window. Our approach includes discriminating between impurities in the solvent and electrolyte salts; for TBAP, we recrystallize from ethyl acetate and 95 % ethanol. The process and theoretical guidelines apply to other nonaqueous electrolytes dealing with electroactive impurities, including organic molecules, oxygen, and water. Resumen. El acetonitrilo (MeCN) es uno de los disolventes más utilizados en electroquímica por su amplia ventana electroquímica. Es un disolvente adecuado para electrolitos no acuosos que permite estudiar procesos electroquímicos catódicos y anódicos. Sin embargo, para llevar a cabo estos estudios, es importante considerar la purificación del electrolito que sigue siendo un reto. Tal como se recibe, el acetonitrilo para cromatografía de alto rendimiento (HPLC, por las siglas en inglés) es inadecuado para la mayoría de las aplicaciones electroanalíticas. En este trabajo presentamos un método para optimizar la purificación del acetonitrilo grado HPLC y obtener un electrolito de perclorato de tetrabutilamonio, (TBAP)/MeCN. Utilizamos voltametría cíclica para determinar la corriente de fondo y diseñar una corriente residual aceptable para una concentración típica de 1 mM para una molécula con actividad electroquímica. Utilizamos tamices moleculares 3Å, seguidos de destilación sobre CaH2 y finalizamos con un tratamiento en Al2O3. El procedimiento optimizado produce CH3CN con pequeñas corrientes de fondo, aumentando la relación señal-ruido y minimizando las complicaciones químicas en una amplia ventana de potencial. Nuestro enfoque incluye la discriminación entre las impurezas del disolvente y en las sales del electrolito. Recristalizamos el TBAP con una mezcla de acetato de etilo y etanol al 95 %. El proceso y las directrices teóricas se pueden aplicar a otros electrolitos no acuosos con impurezas electroactivas, como moléculas orgánicas, oxígeno y agua.","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136239934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical Oxidation of Bentazon at Boron-doped Diamond Anodes: Implications of Operating Conditions in Energy Usage and Process Greenness","authors":"Noe Valladares, Rubén Vázquez Medrano, Dorian Prato-Garcia, Jorge G. Ibanez","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.1997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.1997","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. We studied the mineralization of the herbicide bentazon (Bn) through advanced electro-oxidation using a non-divided modified Diachem® cell. The treatment system consisted of an array of three boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes: cathode-anode-cathode. The chosen variables of interest were current density (j = 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mA cm-2), the initial Bn concentration (10, 50, and 100 mg L-1), and the volumetric flow (v = 280, 500, and 750 mL min-1). In all cases, a 0.04 M Na2SO4 and 0.05 M NaHSO4 (pH ~ 2) solution was used as the supporting electrolyte. Results indicate that, at low current densities, up to 86 % of the Bn present in the solution can be removed (j = 1.0 mA cm-2 and v = 500 mL min-1); however, additional increases in j (from 1.0 to 1.5 mA cm-2) slightly increase (2-3 %) the removal efficiency but increase 55 % the carbon footprint and the treatment cost. Likewise, increases in the volumetric flow from 500 to 750 mL min-1 marginally affect the elimination of Bn and the removal of total organic carbon (TOC) in 1% and 4 %, respectively. The highest efficiencies for TOC (68 %) and COD (82 %) removals were obtained with the following operational conditions: j = 1.0 mA cm-2 and v = 750 mL min-1. Values obtained for the instantaneous current efficiency (ICE) showed an exponential reduction, suggesting that mass transfer influences importantly the efficiency of the process. Resumen. En este trabajo se estudió la mineralización del herbicida bentazón (Bn) por medio de electroooxidación avanzada utilizando una celda no dividida Diachem® modificada. El sistema de tratamiento consta de un arreglo de tres electrodos de diamante dopado con boro (BDD): cátodo-ánodo-cátodo. Las variables de interés seleccionadas fueron: la densidad de corriente (j = 0.5, 1.0 y 1.5 mA cm-2), la concentración inicial de Bn (10, 50 y 100 mg L-1) y el flujo volumétrico (v = 280, 500 y 750 mL min-1). En todos los casos se usó como electrolito soporte una solución de 0.04 M Na2SO4 y 0.05 M de NaHSO4 (pH ~ 2). Los resultados obtenidos indican que, a bajas densidades de corriente, se puede remover hasta el 86 % del Bn presente en solución (j = 1.0 mA cm-2 y v = 500 mL min-1); sin embargo, aumentos adicionales en j (de 1.0 a 1.5 mA cm-2) elevan ligeramente la eficiencia de remoción (2-3 %) pero incrementan hasta en un 55% la huella de carbono y el costo de tratamiento. De igual forma, incrementos en el flujo volumétrico de 500 a 750 mL min-1 afectan de forma marginal la eliminación del Bn y la remoción del carbono orgánico total (TOC) en un 1 % y 4 %, respectivamente. Las mayores eficiencias de remoción de TOC (68 %) y COD (82 %) se obtuvieron con las siguientes condiciones operativas: j = 1.0 mA cm-2 y v = 750 mL min-1. Los valores obtenidos de la eficiencia de corriente instantánea (ICE) presentaron una reducción exponencial, lo cual sugiere que la transferencia de masa tiene una influencia importante en la eficiencia del proceso.","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Overview of the Mexican Industrial Electrochemistry","authors":"José Angel Cobos-Murcia, Grisell Gallegos-Ortega, María Aurora Veloz Rodriguez, Ariadna Trujillo Estrada, Verónica García-Hernández, Gustavo Urbano-Reyes, Victor Esteban Reyes-Cruz","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.1980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.1980","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This study provides an in-depth analysis of the electrochemical industry in Mexico by examining the geographic distribution of the companies, the economic sectors they belong to, the products they manufacture, and the electrochemical processes they utilize. The data were collected from 805 Mexican manufacturing companies in the electrochemical industry and analyzed using data mining techniques, revealing that Mexico's electrochemical industry is concentrated in regions with high economic development, such as Mexico City, Monterrey, and Guadalajara, which are also traditional suppliers of the automotive industry. Furthermore, 91.2 % of the industry is focused on the electrodeposition process, with zinc coatings and nickel being the most commonly produced products. The metal-mechanical sector is the most dominant economic sector, accounting for 89 % of the companies. In addition, this study highlights the potential for collaboration between the industry and academia, as there are numerous research groups and institutions throughout the country dedicated to electrochemistry research and development. Despite this, the industry has yet to fully integrate academic knowledge and expertise to address industry problems. Overall, the manufacturing sector in Mexico is diverse, with the electrochemical industry continuing to provide employment opportunities for thousands of people but there is room for growth and development in advanced electrochemical technologies beyond traditional galvanization processes. Resumen. Este trabajo presenta un análisis detallado del sector electroquímico en México, proporcionando información sobre las regiones con mayor desarrollo en tecnologías electroquímicas, los sectores económicos en los que se desempeñan las empresas, los productos que comercializan y los procesos electroquímicos utilizados en su fabricación. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que, aunque la galvanización representa el 80 % de las empresas electroquímicas, existe una pequeña parte que utiliza tecnologías avanzadas. Asimismo, se ha identificado que la mayoría de las empresas se ubican en regiones con alto desarrollo económico, con una tradición en el uso de la electroquímica y donde las empresas son parte de los proveedores de la industria automotriz. Además, se ha identificado que la academia ha florecido en este campo, con numerosos grupos de investigación e instituciones dedicadas a la investigación y el desarrollo en electroquímica en todo el país. Este estudio resalta la importancia de la colaboración entre la industria y la academia para impulsar el desarrollo de la industria electroquímica en México.","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Electrooxidation as a Polishing Step for the Residual Water Obtained in a Solar Wastewater Treatment","authors":"Eva Carina Tarango-Brito, Anabel Ramos-García, Liliana Ivette Ávila-Córdoba, Carlos Barrera-Díaz","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.1976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.1976","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Dyes are widely used in many industrial operations for a variety of products; however, when wastewater is discharged without a treatment in rivers and lakes, severe environmental impacts are observed. In this work, the results of a solar wastewater treatment are presented. The solar treatment consists in parabolic heater coupled with a solar distiller which contains a ZnO plate that works as photocatalyst. Distilled water presents good characteristics; nevertheless, a residue that contains dye and intermediate products is also obtained. An electrooxidation treatment using boron-doped diamond electrodes (BDD), is applied at the residue as a polishing step. It was observed that wastewater quality improves when using an aqueous solution of pH 2.7 and a current density of 22.2 mA cm-2. Physicochemical test such as COD, and UV-Vis were used to evaluate the wastewater quality. It was found that 40 minutes are required to attain the improvement. This technology is environmental friendly since low energy is required (5 kW h L-1). Resumen. Los colorantes son ampliamente utilizados en la industria para una gran variedad de productos; cuando se descargan aguas residuales con dichos compuestos en ríos o lagos, ocasionan severas afectaciones al medio ambiente. Este trabajo presenta los resultados obtenidos al someter agua sintética a un proceso consistente en un calentador acoplado a un destilador solar que contiene un fotocatalizador. En dicho procedimiento se obtiene agua destilada de buena calidad, sin embargo, también se genera un agua residual concentrada con presencia de colorante y productos intermediarios. A manera de pulimento se aplica la electrooxidación empleando electrodos de diamante dopados con boro. Con las mejores condiciones: pH 2.7 y densidad de corriente de 22.2 mA cm-2, se encuentra que el agua residual presenta una notable mejoría en características fisicoquímicas de DQO y espectroscopia UV-Vis. Se encontró que es necesario un periodo de tiempo de 40 minutos para mejorar las características del agua concentrada, lo cual hace que este proceso sea ambientalmente amigable, ya que requiere la aplicación de poca energía (5kW h L-1).","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Hybrid Vehicular Prototype with H2/air PEMFC Stack and Li-Ion Battery Module","authors":"Jose Luis Díaz Bernabé, Andres Rodriguez-Castellanos, Sebastian Citalan-Cigarroa, Israel Arenas-Mendoza, Omar Solorza-Feria","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.1987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.1987","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Recent years have marked a huge increase in worldwide efforts to improve the design and manufacture of miniaturized low- and high- power Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) for diverse electronic applications, ranging from stationary backup power to mobile transportation, and even as energy sources for a new generation of drone and hybrid vehicular transportation technologies. This communication compiles recent contributions developed by our group of researchers who has worked in the synthesis and characterization of Pt-based catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and in to address the performance and durability of H2/O2 PEMFC - Li Ion batteries in an electric vehicular transport prototype. We will provide an overview of our current contributions in the design, manufacturing, and development of low temperature, high-energy H2/O2 fuel cells which generated electricity is storage in a set of Li-Ion batteries for a vehicular transport prototype, Cinvestav-Sicarú, with more than an hour and thirty minutes of autonomy. Resumen. Los últimos años han marcado un aumento sustancial en los esfuerzos mundiales para mejorar el diseño y la fabricación de celdas de combustible de membrana de electrolito de polímero (PEMFC) miniaturizadas de baja y alta potencia para diversas aplicaciones electrónicas, que van desde energía de respaldo estacionaria hasta transporte móvil, e incluso como energía. Fuentes para una nueva generación de tecnologías de transporte de drones y vehículos híbridos. Este trabajo recopila contribuciones recientes desarrolladas por nuestro grupo de investigación que ha trabajado en la síntesis y caracterización de catalizadores basados ​​en Pt para la reacción de reducción de oxígeno (ORR) y para abordar el rendimiento y la durabilidad de una celda de combustible H2/O2 – banco de baterías de Iones de litio en un prototipo de transporte vehicular eléctrico. Proporcionaremos una descripción general de nuestros desarrollos actuales en el diseño, fabricación y desarrollo de celdas de combustible H2/O2 de alta energía y baja temperatura que generan electricidad y se almacenan en un conjunto de baterías de iones de litio para un prototipo de transporte vehicular, con más de una hora y media de autonomía.","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the Tempering Heat Treatment on the Cu-Based Shape Memory Alloy Exposed to a Commonly used Corrosive Medium","authors":"Daniel Flores-Sanchez, Miguel Ángel Suárez-Rosales, Midori Landa-Castro, Mirella Gutiérrez-Arzaluz, Manuel Palomar-Pardavé, Mario Romero-Romo","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.2042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.2042","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In the present work, the corrosion behavior of the as-cast Cu-9Al-3Ag alloy, with shape memory, SMA, and with tempering heat treatments at two temperatures, 400 and 600 °C, were studied. These treatments were selected due to the austenite-martensite phase transition or vice versa. For this investigation, a 0.5 M NaCl electrolyte was used. Micrographs using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy show the martensite phase in the Cu-9Al-3Ag alloy, likewise, in the tempered samples the austenite-martensite phases were also observed. For the evaluation of the corrosion behavior, the Tafel model was implemented, for whose curves a potential of ±200 mV was used from the Ecorr. It was observed that the sample with SMA presented a good resistance to corrosion, as well as the tempered samples, unlike the as-cast sample. Finally, impedance tests were carried out using a frequency range of 100 kHz to 10 mHz and an amplitude of 10 mV, in order to observe the resistances to the solution and to the charge transfer present in each one of the samples used. Resumen. En el presente trabajo se estudió el comportamiento de corrosión en la aleación Cu-9Al-3Ag en estado de colada, con memoria de forma en conjunto con tratamientos térmicos de revenido a temperaturas de 400 y 600 °C. Dichos tratamientos fueron seleccionados debido al cambio de transición de fase austenita-martensita o viceversa. Para esta investigación se utilizó un electrolito a 0.5 M NaCl. Las micrografías mediante microscopia óptica y microscopia electrónica de barrido muestran la fase martensita en la aleación Cu-9Al-3Ag, así mismo, en las muestras revenidas se puede observar las fases austenita-martensita. Para la evaluación del comportamiento de corrosión se implementaron las curvas de Tafel, en las cuales se utilizó un potencial de ±200 mV a partir del Ecorr. Se observó que la muestra con SMA presento una buena resistencia a la corrosión al igual que las muestras revenidas a diferencia de la muestra en estado de colada. Por último, se realizaron pruebas de impedancia utilizando un rango de frecuencia de 100 kHz a 10 mHz y una amplitud de 10 mV, con la finalidad de observar las resistencias a la solución y a la transferencia de carga presentes en cada una de las muestras utilizadas.","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemistry for Solar Energy Conversion Systems: A Selection of Mexican Contributions","authors":"Francisco Ivan Lizama-Tzec, Manuel Rodríguez-Pérez, Alberto Vega-Poot, Dallely Melissa Herrera-Zamora, Manuel Alejandro Estrella-Gutiérrez, Esdras Canto-Aguilar, Marco Cetina-Dorantes, Gerko Oskam","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.2048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.2048","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Electrochemistry is a key technology to synthesize, study and scale-up materials and processes for applications in solar energy conversion systems. Mexico has had a tradition of excellence in electrochemistry research and methodology development, and this paper intends to honor some of the key contributors in the subjects of solar energy conversion to useful heat or electricity. We summarize the use of electrochemical techniques as a tool for the deposition and characterization, including the analysis of electrodeposition solutions and deposition mechanisms. In addition, we describe the use of electrodeposited and hybrid ZnO films for application in dye-sensitized solar cells, which are photoelectrochemical systems, and discuss the mechanisms that govern solar cell performance. Resumen. La electroquímica es una tecnología clave para sintetizar, estudiar y escalar materiales y procesos para aplicaciones en sistemas de conversión de energía solar. México ha tenido una tradición de excelencia en la investigación y el desarrollo de metodologías electroquímicas, y este documento tiene la intención de honrar a algunos de los principales contribuyentes en los temas de conversión de energía solar en calor o electricidad útil. Resumimos el uso de técnicas electroquímicas como herramienta para la deposición y caracterización, incluyendo el análisis de soluciones de electrodepósito y mecanismos de deposición. Además, se describe el uso de películas de ZnO híbridas y electrodepositadas para su aplicación en celdas solares sensibilizadas con tinte, que son sistemas fotoelectroquímicos, y discutimos los mecanismos que gobiernan el rendimiento de las celdas solares.","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical Oxidation Using Parallel Plate Flow Reactors as an Alternative Technique to Treat Single and Trichromy Dye Effluents","authors":"Maiara Barbosa Ferreira, Elaine Cristina M. de Moura Santos, José Heriberto Oliveira Nascimento, Felipe Mendonça Fontes Galvão, ELISAMA VIEIRA DOS SANTOS, José Eudes Lima Santos, Patricio J. Espinoza-Montero, Carlos Alberto Martínez-Huitle","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.2028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.2028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Electrochemical oxidation (EO) has been investigated as an alternative treatment technique for the remediation of real textile effluents containing a single dye and a trichromy of Remazol Yellow 3RS (RY 3RS), Remazol Red RR Gran (RR-RR Gran) and Navy Blue CL-R (NB CL-R) dyes, using a parallel plate flow reactor equipped with Ti/Pt or Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb electrocatalytic materials and Ti as cathode. The influence of the anode material and applied current densities on decolourization, organic matter decrease, cell potential and energy consumption during EO was examined. Higher color removal was achieved with Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb in all treated effluents compared to Ti/Pt at all electrolysis times, due to high oxidant production, especially hydroxyl radicals on their surface. Polymer film formation on the anode surface inhibited chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal during the treatment of a single effluent containing RY 3RS and RR-RR Gran dyes with either anode, whereas COD removal efficiencies of 13.93 % and 30.03 %, and 54.74 % and 74.48 % were obtained for Ti/Pt and Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb, respectively, in treating trichromy effluent after 240 min of electrolysis. Lower energy consumption was required by Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb compared to the Ti/Pt anode. In most of the trials studied, EO enhanced dissolved oxygen (DO) and reduced effluent turbidity, making it safe for disposal in the environment. Resumen. La oxidación electroquímica (EO) se ha investigado como una técnica de tratamiento alternativa para la remediación de efluentes textiles reales que contienen un solo tinte y una tricromía de Remazol Yellow 3RS (RY 3RS), Remazol Red RR Gran (RR-RR Gran) y Navy Blue CL -R (NB CL-R), utilizando un reactor de flujo de placas paralelas equipado con materiales electrocatalíticos Ti/Pt o Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb y Ti como cátodo. Se examinó la influencia del material del ánodo y las densidades de corriente aplicadas sobre la decoloración, la reducción de materia orgánica, el potencial de celda y el consumo de energía durante la EO. Se logró una mayor remoción de color con Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb en todos los efluentes tratados en comparación con Ti/Pt en todos los tiempos de electrólisis, debido a la alta producción de oxidantes, especialmente radicales hidroxilos en su superficie. La formación de una película de polímero en la superficie del ánodo inhibió la eliminación de la demanda química de oxígeno (DQO) durante el tratamiento de un solo efluente que contenía colorantes RY 3RS y RR-RR Gran con cualquiera de los ánodos, mientras que las eficiencias de eliminación de DQO del 13,93 % y 30,03 %, y del 54,74 % y Se obtuvo 74,48 % para Ti/Pt y Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb, respectivamente, en el tratamiento de efluentes de tricromía después de 240 min de electrólisis. El Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb requería un menor consumo de energía en comparación con el ánodo de Ti/Pt. En la mayoría de los ensayos estudiados, el EO mejoró el oxígeno disuelto (OD) y redujo la turbidez del efluente, haciéndolo seguro para su eliminación en el medio ambi","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}