Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society最新文献

{"title":"Transformation of Tagetes erecta L. with the GUS Reporter Gene Via Agrobacterium tumefaciens","authors":"Elidé Avilés Berzunza, Johny Avilez Montalvo, Reyna Gómez Villa, G. Godoy-Hernández","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.2059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.2059","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Tagetes erecta L. (var. Marvel orange) a plant native to Mexico with traditional (used in religious ceremonies, as antiparasitic, insecticide, etc.) and industrial uses (flour of young flowers is used as food supplement in chicken and crustacean farms for its high content of carotenoids). Currently, there is great interest in achieving stable genetic transformation of this species with genes of agricultural interest; thus, the objective of this work was to optimize a protocol for stable transformation of T. erecta L. Shoot-tips from in vitro seedlings were transformed with Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 strain carrying the binary vector pCAMBIA 2301. Regeneration of transformed seedlings was performed in the presence of 50 mg·L-1 kanamycin. Stable genetic transformation of plantlets was demonstrated through positive GUS staining in leaves and flowers. PCR analysis detected the presence of a 600 bp fragment of the neomycin phosphotransferase II (NPTII) gene in the genomic DNA from regenerated seedlings. Transformation frequency was 40 %. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the second report of a successful stable transformation of T. erecta L. plants with GUS reporter via A. tumefaciens. This transformation protocol can be used to introduce genes in T. erecta L. to manipulate the isoprenoids biosynthetic pathways.\u0000 \u0000Resumen. Tagetes erecta L. (var. naranja Marvel) es una planta originaria de México con usos tradicionales (utilizada en ceremonias religiosas, como antiparasitario, insecticida, etc.) e industriales (la harina de flores jóvenes se usa como complemento alimenticio en granjas de pollos y crustáceos por su alto contenido en carotenoides). Actualmente, existe un gran interés en lograr la transformación genética estable de esta especie con genes de interés agrícola; por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue optimizar un protocolo para la transformación estable de T. erecta L. Las puntas de brotes de plántulas in vitro se transformaron con la cepa LBA4404 de Agrobacterium tumefaciens que lleva el vector binario pCAMBIA 2301. La regeneración de las plántulas transformadas se realizó en presencia de 50 mg·L-1 de kanamicina. La transformación genética estable de las plántulas se demostró mediante tinción positiva de GUS en hojas y flores. Los análisis de PCR detectaron la presencia de un fragmento de 600 pb del gen de la neomicina fosfotransferasa II (NPTII) en el ADN genómico de las plántulas regeneradas. La frecuencia de transformación fue del 40 %. Hasta donde sabemos, este trabajo es el segundo reporte de una transformación estable exitosa de plantas de T. erecta L. con el gen reportero GUS a través de A. tumefaciens. Este protocolo de transformación se puede utilizar para introducir genes en T. erecta L., para manipular las rutas de biosíntesis de isoprenoides.","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89585437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Special Issue Dedicated to Dr. Víctor Manuel Loyola Vargas","authors":"F. Vázquez-Flota","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.2094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.2094","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76392698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in the Bioherbicidal Potential of Tenuazonic Acid, an Alternaria spp. mycotoxin","authors":"Néstor Daniel Sotelo‐Cerón, J. Martínez‐Álvarez, I. Maldonado-Mendoza","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.1994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.1994","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This review addresses the current knowledge on the phytotoxic roles of tenuazonic acid and its biosynthesis in Alternaria. We examine recent advances in the biosynthesis of this toxin produced by A. alternata and other fungi; the pathogenicity mechanisms that this molecule displays to exert its bioherbicidal activity; and the risks for human and animal health involved in using tenuazonic acid versus a native mix of toxins produced by A. alternata. Finally, we discuss the potential use of tenuazonic acid versus fungal isolates for agricultural weed control.\u0000 \u0000Resumen. Esta revisión aborda el estado del arte en el conocimiento acerca de los mecanismos de fitotoxicidad del ácido tenuazónico y su biosíntesis en Alternaria. Se examinan los avances más recientes en la biosíntesis de esta toxina producida por A. alternata y otros hongos; los mecanismos de patogenicidad que esta molécula emplea para ejercer su actividad bioherbicida; así como los riesgos para la salud humana y animal involucrados en el uso de ácido tenuazónico comparado a una mezcla de las toxinas producidas por A. alternata. Finalmente, se discute el uso potencial del ácido tenuazónico versus aislados fúngicos para el control de malezas en la agricultura.","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80462539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Impact of Low Light Intensity on DNA Methylation in Agave angustifolia Haw. Albino Variant","authors":"Fátima Duarte-Aké, C. De-la-Peña","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.1943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.1943","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Light is an essential environmental factor that regulates important plant processes, including photosynthesis, photoprotection, and the accumulation of pigments such as chlorophylls and carotenoids. Conversely, the absence of light initiates the etiolation phenomenon, characterized by a decrease in photosynthetic and photoprotective pigments. In contrast, albinism is a rare variant characterized by the absence of chloroplasts, chlorophyll, and other pigments, even in the presence of light. Albinism may occur spontaneously in plant tissue culture (PTC) and is considered an unexplored phenotypic variant. During micropropagation of Agave angustifolia Haw., two somaclonal variants emerged from green plantlets: albino and variegated. We demonstrate that low-intensity light exposure triggers greener pigmentation in albino plantlets accompanied by an increase in global DNA methylation levels. Our findings suggest the possibility of chloroplast biogenesis under low-intensity light and provide insight into the potential role of DNA methylation in regulating plant responses to light intensity and highlight the importance of studying the effects of different light conditions on plant development and physiology.\u0000 \u0000Resumen. La luz es un factor ambiental esencial que regula importantes procesos de las plantas, incluyendo la fotosíntesis, la fotoprotección y la acumulación de pigmentos como las clorofilas y los carotenoides. Por el contrario, la ausencia de luz inicia el fenómeno de etiolación, caracterizado por una disminución de los pigmentos fotosintéticos y fotoprotectores. En contraste, el albinismo es una rara variante caracterizada por la ausencia de cloroplastos, clorofila y otros pigmentos, incluso en presencia de luz. El albinismo puede ocurrir espontáneamente en el cultivo de tejidos vegetales (PTC) y se considera una variante fenotípica inexplorada. Durante la micropropagación de Agave angustifolia Haw. surgieron dos variantes somaclonales a partir de las plántulas verdes: albino y variegado. Demostramos que la exposición a la luz de baja intensidad desencadena una pigmentación verde en las plántulas albinas acompañada de un aumento en los niveles globales de metilación del ADN. Nuestros hallazgos sugieren la posibilidad de la biogénesis de cloroplastos bajo luz de baja intensidad y proporcionan información sobre el posible papel de la metilación del ADN en la regulación de las respuestas de las plantas a la intensidad de la luz, destacando la importancia de estudiar los efectos de diferentes condiciones de luz en el desarrollo y la fisiología de las plantas.","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83231252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulcaffeate, a Trimeric Caffeic Acid Derivative from Bourreria pulchra","authors":"Gilda Erosa-Rejón, Alejandro Yam-Puc, L. Peña‐Rodríguez, O. Sterner","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.1985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.1985","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The trimeric caffeic acid derivative pulcaffeate (1) was isolated from the organic crude extract of the roots of Bourreria pulchra (Boraginaceae). The biosynthesis of 1 appears to involve an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction between a cyclohexa-1,3-diene intermediate, generated by the oxidation of the aromatic ring of a cinnamic acid unit, and the conjugated double bond of a caffeic acid unit. The structure of the new metabolite was elucidated through a detailed analysis of its 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic data. This is the first report of a trimeric metabolite occurring in B. pulchra.\u0000 \u0000Resumen. Pulcafeato (1) un derivado trimérico del ácido cafeico fue aislado del extracto orgánico crudo de las raíces de Bourreria pulchra (Boraginaceae). La biosíntesis de 1 parece llevarse a cabo mediante una reacción intramolecular de Diels-Alder entre un intermediario de cyclohexa-1,3-dieno, generado durante la oxidación del anillo aromático de una unidad de ácido cinámico, y el doble enlace conjugado de una unidad de ácido cafeico. La estructura del nuevo metabolito fue elucidada mediante el análisis detallado de sus datos espectroscópicos de RMN de 1H y 13C. Este es el primer reporte sobre la presencia de un metabolito trimérico en B. pulchra.","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76355620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat Stress in Different Development Stages of Wheat Modifies the Grain Chemical Composition and Germination Index","authors":"Katheryne Fernández-Padilla, Rosabel Vélez-de la Rocha, E. Valenzuela-Soto","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.2050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.2050","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Climate change is causing increases in temperature in wheat-producing areas of the world. The global warming conditions put wheat production at risk. In wheat, heat stress causes a decrease in the yield due to retarding grain fill time and maturity. This work aimed to evaluate the grain chemical composition of six wheat genotypes subjected to heat stress during the vegetative and reproductive stages and to relate it to germination. Grains of six wheat genotypes were used in this study, cultivated in the Yaqui Valley, Sonora, in December 2020 and January and October 2021. The flour was obtained from whole grains (40 gr of each genotype and each sowing date). Proximal analyses were done following AACC and AOAC methods. Starch content was determined using a commercial kit from Megazyme. Changes in size, shape, and colour were observed in all the seeds progeny of plants under heat stress during the vegetative and reproductive stages. Heat stress during the reproductive stage reduced the thousand-grain weight, total solids, and protein content in the progeny grains but increased the percentage of moisture, ash, total starch, and germination index. Heat stress during the vegetative stage reduced total solids content and increased thousand-grain weight, moisture, and total starch in the progeny grains. The germination index in seeds from plants subjected to heat stress during the reproductive stage was associated with total starch content and a trend to decrease total protein. That association was not found in seeds from plants under heat stress during the vegetative stage.\u0000 \u0000Resumen. El cambio climático incrementa la temperatura en áreas productoras de trigo y pone en riesgo su producción mundial. En trigo, el estrés por calor disminuye el rendimiento, tiempo de llenado de grano y días de maduración. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la composición química de los granos de seis genotipos de trigo sometidos a estrés por calor durante las etapas vegetativa y reproductiva y su relación con la germinación. Se utilizaron granos de seis genotipos de trigo, cultivados en el Valle del Yaqui, Sonora, en diciembre 2020, enero y octubre 2021. Se obtuvo harina de granos completos (40 g de grano por genotipo y fecha de siembra). El análisis proximal se determinó siguiendo los métodos de la AACC y AOAC. El contenido de almidón se obtuvo utilizando un kit comercial de Megazyme. Se observaron cambios de tamaño, forma y color en semillas progenie de plantas estresadas en las etapas vegetativa y reproductiva. El estrés por calor en la etapa reproductiva disminuyó el peso de mil granos, los sólidos totales y el índice de germinación. El estrés por calor en la etapa vegetativa redujo el contenido de sólidos totales e incrementó el peso de mil granos, humedad y almidón total en los granos progenie. El índice de germinación se asoció al contenido total de almidón y a la tendencia de disminución en proteína total de las semillas de plantas estresadas en ","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88172341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical Compounds from Xcatik (Capsicum annuum L.) Chili Tissues Extracted by Uae: Biological Activity and Phenolic Profile","authors":"N. Pacheco, E. Herrera-Pool, D. Castañeda-Valbuena, J. C. Cuevas-Bernardino, C. C. Castillo-Aguilar, R. Andueza-Noh, R. Garruña-Hernández, A. Ramos-Díaz, T. Ayora-Talavera","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.1970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.1970","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Phenolic compounds and capsaicinoids present in different tissues (placenta, pericarp, and seeds) of the chili pepper fruit Capsicum annuum L. (cv. xcatik) cultivated in the Yucatán peninsula (Mexico) were analyzed. For this purpose, fresh and dehydrated chili peppers tissues were used. The phenolic compounds and capsaicinoids were extracted using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and compared to the maceration method. Extracts from each fruit tissue were studied for their antioxidant properties, and a phenolic profile of the whole fruit was performed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-PAD-ESI-MS). The xcatik chili pepper (XCP) presented a high content of phenolic compounds (11.67±3.34 mg GAE/g DW). The capsaicin:dihydrocapsaicin ratio was 2:1. Additionally, 17 phenolic compounds were detected in the extract of the whole fruit. This study provides a first scan of the phenolic composition and capsaicinoids content of the different tissues of the XCP fruit, as well as the correlation of these bioactive compounds with the antioxidant capacity, highlighting the recovery of bioactive compounds with great antioxidant power.\u0000 \u0000Resumen. El contenido de compuestos fenólicos y capsaicinoides presentes en diferentes tejidos (placenta, pericarpio y semilla) de los frutos de chile Capsicum annuum L. (cv. xcatik) cultivados en la península de Yucatán (Mexico) fue analizado. Para dicho propósito, los tejidos frescos y deshidratados fueron evaluados. Los compuestos fenólicos y los capsaicinoides fueron extraídos usando la Extracción Asistida por Ultrasonido (EAU) y comparados con el método de maceración. Los extractos de cada tejido del fruto fueron estudiados con relación a sus propiedades antioxidantes, y el perfil fenólico del fruto completo fue realizado usando cromatografía líquida de ultra alta resolución con un detector de arreglo de fotodiodos y acoplado a espectrometría de masas (UPLC-PAD-ESI-MS). El chile xcatik (XCP) demostró ser un fruto con alto contenido de compuestos fenólicos (11.67±3.34 mg GAE/g peso seco). La relación capsaicina:dihidrocapsaicina fue 2:1. Adicionalmente, la presencia de 17 compuestos fenólicos fue detectada en el extracto del fruto completo. Este estudio proporciona un primer barrido de la composición fenólica y el contenido de capsaicinoides de los diferentes tejidos del fruto XCP, así como la correlación de estos compuestos bioactivos con la actividad antioxidante, resaltando la recuperación de compuestos bioactivos con un alto poder antioxidante.","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84390550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substrate Specificity in Promiscuous Enzymes: The Case of the Aminoaldehyde Dehydrogenases from Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"R. Muñoz-Clares, Arline Fernández-Silva, C. Mújica-Jiménez, Sebastian Martínez-Flores","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Substrate specificity is instrumental in enzyme catalysis and a major determinant of the enzyme’s physiological role. Nevertheless, the degree of substrate specificity may vary in an ample range; some enzymes exhibit very high specificity while others show a relaxed specificity or promiscuity. The latter is used by evolution for the emergence of new enzymes able to perform novel metabolic roles. The basis of substrate specificity is substrate recognition, which is achieved in the enzyme active site by chemical and structural mechanisms. Here, we exemplify that specificity may exist within promiscuity by comparatively analyzing kinetic and structural data of the four Pseudomonas aeruginosa aminoaldehyde dehydrogenases—PA5373, PA5312, PA4189, and PA0219. Despite their apparent substrate promiscuity, we found that these enzymes show a significant degree of substrate specificity. They have evolved to preferentially oxidize different aminoaldehydes, even though each of them can use as in vitro substrates most of the aminoaldehydes preferred by the others. We focus on the role played in these enzymes by two active-site residues—one acidic and the other aromatic, both belonging to the so-called “anchor” loop—in binding the aldehyde amino group, as well as on the importance of the anchor loop conformation in defining the size and shape of the active-site cavity. Our results support the notion that natural selection has fine-tuned the active-site structural and chemical features of the P. aeruginosa AMADH enzymes to the structural and chemical features of their physiological aminoaldehydes substrates.\u0000 \u0000Resumen. La especificidad de sustrato es fundamental para la catálisis enzimática y un importante determinante del papel fisiológico de una enzima. Sin embargo, el grado de especificidad de las enzimas puede variar en un amplio intervalo; algunas enzimas exhiben una especificidad estricta por sus sustratos mientras que otras exhiben una especicificidad relajada o promiscuidad. Esto último es utilizado por la evolución para que emerjan nuevas enzimas capaces de llevar a cabo funciones metabólicas novedosas. La base de la especificidad es el reconocimiento del sustrato, lo que se logra en el sitio activo de la enzima mediante mecanismos químicos y estructurales. En este trabajo mostramos que la especificidad puede existir dentro de la promiscuidad, analizando resultados cinéticos y estructurales de las cuatro aminoaldehído deshidrogenasas de Pseudomonas aeruginosa—PA5373, PA5312, PA4189 y PA0219. A pesar de su aparente promiscuidad, encontramos que estas enzimas presentan un alto grado de especificidad. Han evolucionado para oxidar preferencialmente algunos aminoaldehídos, aunque cada una de ellas pueda in vitro usar como sustratos la mayoría de aminoaldehídos preferidos por las otras. Enfocamos nuestro análisis en el papel que desempeñan dos residuos del sitio activo—uno ácido y el otro aromático, ambos pertenecientes a la llamada asa “ancla”—en l","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77815428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TEN ELEVEN TRANSLOCATION 2 (TET2) Improves the Adipogenic Potential of Dental Pulp Stem Cells","authors":"Jose Alejandro Balam-Lara, L. M. Carrillo-Cocom, B. Rodas-Junco, Liliana Villanueva-Lizama, Geovanny I. Nic-Can","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.2057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.2057","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the major source of adipocytes, adipogenesis is a highly complex process whose mechanisms driving adipocyte origin and development remain poorly understood. Previous findings by our group have shown that different MSCs from the oral cavity displayed differential expression of TET2, a key regulator of DNA methylation, during adipogenic induction. Therefore, we proposed to evaluate the effects of the overexpression of TET2 on the adipogenic response of a cell line with a low natural commitment to this cell fate. We used human dental pulp cells, which were characterized through flow cytometry for mesenchymal markers, analysis of stemness-related genes (OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, KLF4 and c-MYC) and trilineage capacity. The characterized cells were transfected with TET2 and induced to adipogenesis for 21 days. Our results show that TET2-overexpressing cells (pTET2-OE cells) exhibit an earlier adipogenic response. In addition, pTET2-OE cells induced more than 4-, 2.5-, 30-, and 50-fold expression of the adipogenic markers PPARg, ADIPOQ, FABP4, and LPL, respectively. Our findings suggest that TET2 overexpression could induce demethylation of the PPARg locus, the master regulator of adipogenesis, and of the other adipogenic genes, improving the transition of dental pulp stem cells toward adipogenic commitment.\u0000 \u0000Resumen. Aunque las células troncales mesenquimales (MSC) son la principal fuente de adipocitos, la adipogénesis es un proceso complejo cuyos mecanismos que impulsan el origen y desarrollo de los adipocitos permanecen sin conocerse completamente. Previamente nuestro grupo ha demostrado que diferentes MSC de origen bucal mostraron una expresión diferencial de TET2, un regulador clave de la metilación del ADN, durante la inducción adipogénica. Por lo tanto, se propuso evaluar el efecto de la sobreexpresión de TET2 en la respuesta adipogénica en una línea celular con bajo compromiso hacia la diferenciación adipogénica. Nosotros usamos células de la pulpa dental las cuales fueron caracterizadas mediante citometría de flujo para marcadores mesenquimales, análisis de genes de pluripotencia (OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, KLF4 and c-MYC) y capacidad tri-linaje. Las células caracterizadas fueron transfectadas con TET2 e inducidas a la adipogénesis por 21 días. Nuestros hallazgos demuestran que las células que sobre expresan TET2 (pTET-OE) muestran una respuesta adipogénica más temprana. Además, las células pTET-OE incrementaron más de 4-, 2.5-, 30-, y 50 veces la expresión de los marcadores adipogénicos PPARg, ADIPOQ, FABP4 y LPL respectivamente. Nuestros resultados sugieren que la sobreexpresión de TET2 podría inducir la desmetilación del locus de PPARg, el regulador maestro de la adipogénesis y de los genes adipogénicos, lo que mejora la transición de las células troncales de la pulpa dental hacia el compromiso adipogénico.","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":"121 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77305597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibitory Effects of Edible and Medicinal Plant Extracts on the Enzymatic Activity of Pancreatic Lipase","authors":"Oliver Rafid Magaña-Rodríguez, Luis Gerardo Ortega-Pérez, Luis Alberto Ayala-Ruiz, Jonathan Saúl Piñón-Simental, Oscar Fernando Gallegos-Torres, Patricia Rios Chavez","doi":"10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.2004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i3.2004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Plants with a strong activity to reduce the digestion of lipids from the diet are a possible way to prevent and combat obesity. This study evaluated 37 ethanol extracts of plants, some edible, medicinal, or belonging to a family that has the inhibitory activity of pancreatic lipase, aimed at looking for a new anti-obesity agent. Inhibition of pancreatic lipase (PL) was measured in vitro and in vivo assay. The plasma triacylglycerol levels after 1, 2, and 3 h in fasted male Wistar rats fed, by oral administration, with a lipid emulsion were measured. The antioxidant activities were evaluated using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity), FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) and ABTS (2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), and the total phenol and flavonoid content were determined. Nine plants exhibited low inhibition (˂41 %), nine showed medium inhibition (41-50 %), eight demonstrated high inhibition (51-60%) and 11 plants had the highest inhibition (≥ 61 %). Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, dried leaves extract displayed the highest inhibitory activity of pancreatic lipase 71.90 % at 400 µg/mL, with a dose-dependent inhibition against PL similar to orlistat. The kinetic study showed uncompetitive inhibition. Moreover, H. rosa sinensis extract also reduced the elevation of plasma triacylglycerol levels after lipid emulsion administration similar as orlistat did. H. rosa-sinensis dried leaves had higher antioxidant activity and total phenolic compounds than fresh leaves.   H. rosa-sinensis presented the strongest anti-lipase activity and could be used as an anti-obesogenic agent or as a food additive to reduce the absorption of fats from the diet.  \u0000 \u0000Resumen. Las plantas con una fuerte actividad para reducir la digestión de los lípidos de la dieta son una posible forma de prevenir y combatir la obesidad. Este estudio evaluó 37 extractos etanólicos de plantas, algunas comestibles, medicinales o pertenecientes a una familia que tiene una actividad inhibitoria de la lipasa pancreática, con el objetivo de buscar un nuevo agente anti-obesogénico. Se medio la inhibición de la lipasa pancreática (PL) in vitro e in vivo, se midieron los niveles de triacilglicerol en plasma 1,2 y 3 h después de la administración oral de una emulsión lipídica a ratas Wistar machos en ayunas. Las actividades antioxidantes se evaluaron utilizando DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl actividad atrapadora de radical), FRAP (poder antioxidante reductor del fierro) y ABTS acido (2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonico), también se midió el contenido total de fenoles y flavonoides. Nueve plantas exhibieron una inhibición baja (˂41 %), otras nueve con una inhibición media (41-50 %), ocho demostraron una inhibición alta (51-60 %) y once plantas mostraron la inhibición más alta (≥ 61 %).  El extracto de hojas secas de Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, mostró la mayor actividad inhibitoria de la PL con un 71.90 % a 400 µg/mL, con una inhib","PeriodicalId":17377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82297717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}