{"title":"Nanocellulose as a Vehicle for Drug Delivery and Efficiency of Anticancer Activity: A Short-Review","authors":"Mostafa Yusefi, K. Shameli","doi":"10.37934/JRNN.1.1.3043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/JRNN.1.1.3043","url":null,"abstract":"With the high demand of using nanotechnology, nanocellulose has become popular for different biomedical and anticancer applications. Cellulose, a nature gifted material and the most abundant organic polymer on earth, is systematically reviewed. Details of the mechanical and chemical structure of nanocellulose are explained, starting with preparation methods along with physiochemical properties and pH gradient to incorporate innovative polymeric drug delivery vehicles in anticancer applications. A myriad of research fields has introduced nanocellulose as an intriguing candidate for anticancer drug excipient and carrier in modern cancer therapy. Albeit, innovative nanocellulose-based drug carrier systems will be complicated for their commercial use in pharmacies. Of this, it is required to understand the preparation, properties, and potential drug conjugation of nanocellulose to improve its interactions with human tissues.","PeriodicalId":173619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134644344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Its Biomedical Applications: A Review","authors":"H. Hamrayev, K. Shameli, Serdar Korpayev","doi":"10.37934/JRNN.1.1.6274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/JRNN.1.1.6274","url":null,"abstract":"The rise of nanotechnology has brought to the world a new potential and broader perspective of what humanity can achieve through material manipulation at the nanoscale. In the past two decades, ZnO NPs have become one of the most popular metal oxide nanoparticles in biological applications due to their excellent biocompatibility, economic, and low toxicity. Interestingly, the green method of synthesis using plant sources have been found appropriate for the production of ZnO NPs dues to its numerous health, environmental, economic, and medicinal benefits. Due to the large rate of toxic chemicals and extreme environment employed in the physical and chemical production of these nanoparticles, green methods employing the use of plants, fungus, bacteria, and algae have been adopted. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have been successfully obtained by green synthesis using different biological substrates. ZnO NPs have emerged a promising potential in biomedicine, especially in the fields of anticancer and antibacterial fields, which are involved with their potent ability to trigger excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, release zinc ions, and induce cell apoptosis. This review summarizes the green synthesis and recent advances of ZnO NPs in the biomedical fields, which will be helpful for facilitating their future research progress and focusing on biomedical fields.","PeriodicalId":173619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121992013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bio-Mediated Production and Characterisation of Magnetic Nanoparticles Using Fruit Peel Extract","authors":"Mostafa Yusefi, Ong Su Yee, K. Shameli","doi":"10.37934/JRNN.1.1.5361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/JRNN.1.1.5361","url":null,"abstract":"The overwhelming request for nanodevices and heat flow developments has led to consider magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a new dawn to the sophisticated nanotechnology in a sustainable manner. This research presented a facile production of Fe3O4 nanoparticles using co-precipitation method and the extract of Garcinia Mangostana fruit peel waste as a green stabilizer and capping agent. The X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) planes of the synthesized nanoparticles showed the formation of magnetite Fe3O4 nanoparticles with good crystallinity. Based on the image of field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), the diameter of the nanoparticles was estimated to be 69.14±2.87 nm as was coated by the extract. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles presented an acceptable magnetization value of 51.17 emu/g. From the analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the phenolic compounds and other functional groups of the extract had interactions with the Fe ions to successfully synthesize the nanoparticles. The green synthesized Fe3O4 nanofluids showed small hydrodynamic size of 145.80±3.14 and high zeta potential value of -30.5±1.82 mV. This study, thus, showed that the extract of Garcinia Mangostana fruit peel waste can serve as a bio-stabilizer and capping agent to enhance physiochemical properties and colloidal stability of the Fe3O4 nanofluids with an environmentally-friendly manner and low cost for modern applications.","PeriodicalId":173619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130831459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. N. A. Sukri, K. Shameli, Teow Sin-Yeang, N. Ismail
{"title":"Mini Review: Biologically Synthesized Nanoparticles as Antifungal Agents","authors":"S. N. A. Sukri, K. Shameli, Teow Sin-Yeang, N. Ismail","doi":"10.37934/JRNN.1.1.2229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/JRNN.1.1.2229","url":null,"abstract":"Fungal infections are affecting millions of people in the world every year. Severity of infections range from superficial mycoses to more chronic systemic mycoses. As more fungi species evolve, emergence of drug resistant strains is becoming a serious concern to the public health. There is now less number of effective antifungal drugs available in the market for treatment of invasive fungal infections. In an effort to combat this escalating issue, the use of nanoparticles as antifungal agent has been proposed and explored. Versatility of nanoparticles and its unique physico-chemical properties are proven beneficial for developing new therapeutic methods in treatment of fungal infections. Nanoparticles produced from biological synthesis have attracted keen interests from researchers, as they are more environmentally friendly, sustainable, cost-effective, and biocompatible. This mini review will provide an insight on the current antifungal studies and discuss the theory behind mechanism of actions of nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":173619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124525041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. W. Kang, S. H. M. Taib, Pooria Moozarm Nia, M. Miyake, K. Shameli
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Sn/Ag Nanoparticle Composite as Electro-Catalyst for Fuel Cell","authors":"T. W. Kang, S. H. M. Taib, Pooria Moozarm Nia, M. Miyake, K. Shameli","doi":"10.37934/JRNN.1.1.1221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/JRNN.1.1.1221","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, Sn/Ag nanoparticle composite was produced by using chemical reduction method with the aids of sodium borohydride as reducing agent and sodium succinate as protective agent. The XRD, EDX, and TEM analyses showed that the Sn/Ag nanoparticle composite was formed with an average particle size of 4.37 + 0.44 nm. For the application, LSV analysis was done on Sn nanoparticle and Sn/Ag nanoparticle composite samples, and the analysis showed current produced from Sn/Ag nanoparticle composite (4.10 × 10-6 A) is higher than Sn nanoparticle (3.47 × 10-6 A) at the potential of -0.83V.","PeriodicalId":173619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121365802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Moosa, Anis Nadia Mohd Faisol Mahadeven, K. Shameli
{"title":"Physiochemical synthesis of Silver/Kaolinite nanocomposites and study their antibacterial properties","authors":"S. Moosa, Anis Nadia Mohd Faisol Mahadeven, K. Shameli","doi":"10.37934/JRNN.1.1.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/JRNN.1.1.111","url":null,"abstract":"Silver nanocomposites (Ag NCs) were prepared by two methods, chemical and physical synthesis using sodium borohydride and gamma irradiation as a reducing tool. A one-step silver/kaolinite nanocomposite (Ag/Kln NCs) synthesis method has been developed successfully by irradiation technique at room temperature and under ambient pressure. The Ag/Kln NCs produced by the ?-irradiation technique is pure without chemical residues, has a good distribution with enhanced antibacterial properties, and environmentally friendly. The effects of various experimental parameters on the formation of NCs, such as the concentration of Ag+ and the irradiation dose, have been investigated. A study on antimicrobial susceptibility was undertaken to determine the antibacterial properties of Ag NCs in the presence of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The susceptibility of the microorganisms to varying concentrations of Ag NCs synthesized via physical synthesis using gamma irradiation was compared to those synthesized chemically. Concentrations of Ag NCs used were 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, and 10 % for chemical synthesis and irradiation doses used for physical synthesis were 7, 13, 20, 30, 40, 50, 65 and 80 kGy. Observation on well diffusion variant showed a significantly large zone of inhibition for physically synthesized NCs, (63 to 107% relative to control) which indicates high antimicrobial activity. Chemically synthesized NCs using the same experimental set up however showed a significantly smaller zone of inhibition. The Ag/Kln NCs in 20kGy showed higher antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli as gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. These suggest that Ag/Kln NCs can be employed as an effective bacteria inhibitor and can be applied in the medical field.","PeriodicalId":173619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":"88 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126304124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Ismail, K. Shameli, R. R. Ali, S. N. A. Sukri, E. D. M. Isa
{"title":"Copper/Graphene Based Materials Nanocomposites and Their Antibacterial Study: A Mini Review","authors":"N. Ismail, K. Shameli, R. R. Ali, S. N. A. Sukri, E. D. M. Isa","doi":"10.37934/JRNN.1.1.4452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/JRNN.1.1.4452","url":null,"abstract":"Due to their biocidal activity properties, graphene based materials have been widely studied especially in biomedical, agriculture and water treatment process which focus on mitigating the microbial resistance problem. However, the antibacterial performance of these materials alone are relatively weak and need to be improved in order to enhance their biological activity. Copper nanoparticles is a low cost metal also has the antibacterial properties which is almost similar with the silver and gold nanoparticles. The combination of these two materials had produced to a new potential material as another alternative for the antibacterial agents. Therefore, in this work, a brief review of copper/graphene based material nanocomposites and their antibacterial study was discussed.","PeriodicalId":173619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133187943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}