Visnyk of Lviv University. Biological series最新文献

{"title":"Rhodiola rosea L. in the Ukrainian Carpathians: structural organization of populations, main trends of changes and ability to recover","authors":"R. Dmytrakh","doi":"10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.05","url":null,"abstract":"It has been established that the rare arctic-alpine species Rhodiola rosea L. constitutes a vulnerable component of the flora of the Ukrainian Carpathians in modern conditions of the high-mountain areas. Under the influence of climate factors changes are taking place in important components of the species populations to ensure its ability to recover and survive. Hence, the field of research covers the study of the modern state of populations Rhodiola rosea and changes in the basic parameters of structure organization, which determine the prospects for their development and adaptation. Input characteristics of the population status diagnostics is analysis of perennial data on the number of species individuals, reproductive ability and the nature of manifestation of dynamics trends due to the influence of environmental factors. Taking into account the ecological and biological features of the species and, in particular, the attraction to wet and cool habitats with low temperatures, the ambiguous response of populations to changes in climatic conditions is followed. It was found that populations of the species are sensitive to stress situations which lead to considerable violations in the structural organization and, in particular, in changes in demographic, sexual, spatial and reproductive indicators. Of importance for assessing the status of the species populations and for indicating the environmental conditions must be availability of generative individuals and their functional relations with the environment. Population degrading is manifested through reduced number of individuals, disruption of the correlation between different-sex, weakening of reproductive development functions, fragmentation and spatial disintegration of individuals with low renewal activity. Hence, Rhodiola rosea populations are sensitive to environmental changes, in particular, warming, which fact testifies to non-correspondence of current climatic conditions to the ecological needs of the species. At the same time, negative trends are also strengthened by the mechanical destruction of the natural habitats of populations, which significantly slows down the processes of their regeneration ability. Therefore, changes occurring in populations Rhodiola rosea actively affect their structural organization and ability to recover. Based on the application of complex ecological-demographic and reproductive approaches, a number of indicators of the structural organization of populations, their changes during different periods of vegetation and the ability to recover in changed environmental conditions were obtained. The obtained results are important in solving issues related to the preservation of populations of arcto-alpine species, assessment of their development and behavior in modern high-mountain conditions.","PeriodicalId":173155,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Lviv University. Biological series","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115129610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Cu (II) ions on lung and direct diffuse respiration of the allospecies of Planorbarius corneus s. l. (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Pulmonata) of the hydrological network of Ukraine","authors":"Y. Babych, G. Kyrychuk, R. Romaniuk, A. Stadnychenko, O. Uvayeva","doi":"10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.07","url":null,"abstract":"One of the urgent problems of modern hydroecology is an increasing pollution of Earth hydrosphere by heavy metal ions. The necessity of this problem’s solution within Ukrainian river network is caused by the recent intensification of polluting of its surface waters by these pollutants. That is why the identification the species-indicators for level of pollution by Cu (II) ions in nature water bodies among the most widespread and numerous Ukrainian mollusks is an expedient task. We aimed at question: whether or not the great ramshorn, the only representative of genus Planorbarius Dumeril, 1806 in Northern hemisphere, can be assigned to such a category? For this purpose, we establishedof the influence of Cu (II) ions within the concentrations of 0.5 MPC to 3 MPC were studied on the indicators of lung and direct surface diffusive respirations of the “western” and “eastern” genetic vicaristic allospecies of great ramshorn Planorbarius corneus s. l. in the hydrological river network of Ukraine. These mollusсs, like all Pulmonata, have a bimodal respiration pattern. They use their true lungs for atmospheric oxygen breathing and the diffusive (surface) respiration is used for soluble in the water oxygen consumption. The aim of present study was to clarify the features and difference levels of lung and surface diffusive respiration of “western” and “eastern” allospecies under the impact of Cu (II) ions in water environment (MPC: 0,5, 1, 2, 3). It was established that the endurance coefficient for concentrations Cu (II) in water environment appeared lower in “eastern” allospecies to those in “western” allospecies. Under the same concentrations of toxicants used the lethality of “eastern” allospecies was higher than that of “western” allospecies in all cases. The indexec of lung and direct diffusive respiration in the allospecies of great ramshorn P. corneus s. l. under the impact of the Cu (II) ions concentration in water environment demonstrated that “eastern” allospecies tends to regress under the increased environmental pollution more comparing to “western” allospecies (р≤0,05–0,001).","PeriodicalId":173155,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Lviv University. Biological series","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116070894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of lowland populations of Symphytum cordatum Waldst. et Kit. ex Willd. in different growth conditions","authors":"V. Kobiv","doi":"10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.03","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamics of isolated lowland populations of the Carpathian subendemic species Symphytum cordatum Waldst. et Kit. ex Willd. at the edge of its range is investigated. They were analyzed as a case study on the prospects of the lowland populations of S. cordatum under different growth conditions. Changes in the individual and group parameters of this species during the 17-year period are studied. Characteristic-markers of endangered state of S. cordatum populations in the mountain and lowland parts of its range are established. They include: low percentage of generative group or its absence, decrease in size and numbers of clones, significant reduction of the population area, considerable decrease in density of ramets and their low biometrical parameters as well as inhibition of vegetative propagation. It was established that population near Brodky village (Stryisky region, Lviv Oblast) exhibited high individual and group parameters during a long period and is capable of expansion, which ensures survival in the long-term perspective. Negative effects of anthropogenous impact on the population of S. cordatum in the city of Lviv are revealed. During the past period the area of the population decreased 3-folds, density of generative ramets, their hight and mass – 2-folds and considerable reduction in the area and number of clones were established as well. During the last years the population has been increasingly affected intensive mowing, trampling and raking which makes it endangered. It was established that small in their area and numbers lowland populations of S. cordatum growing in unfavorable ecological and coenotic conditions are most sensitive to anthropopression. The importance of protection of S. cordatum at the edge of its range is emphasized to provide conservation of regional biodiversity and gene pool of this species. Biotope conservation must be applied for such lowland populations of montane species like S. cordatum, it would prevent disturbance to sensitive small species habitats. This may be provided by creation of local reserves.","PeriodicalId":173155,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Lviv University. Biological series","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117259664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological and faunistic characteristics of meadow-steppe taxocenes of collembola of the Eastern Podillya","authors":"O. Husak, I. Kaprus","doi":"10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.08","url":null,"abstract":"A comparative analysis of the taxonomic and ecological structure of meadow-steppe collembolan taxocenes of Eastern Podillya was carried out. 77 species of Сollembola belonging to 41 genera and 14 families were found on the studied territory. From 6 to 18 species of collembola were found at the level of point alpha diversity, and 40–42 species of coenotic alpha diversity, which indicates a large capacity of the soil environment for Сollembola in this type of biocenoses of Podillya. The investigated meadow-steppe Collembola taxocenes are characterized by average population density indicators, from 5.8 to 9.1 thousand spec./m2. It was found that the structure of dominance, spectra of life forms and biotope groups of the studied taxocenes have their own specificity, due to local edaphic conditions, as well as the degree of anthropogenic transformation. The analysis of the ecological structure showed that, in terms of species richness, complexes of xeroresistant (47.6–60 % of the total species richness) and mesophilic forms (17.5–35.7 %) prevail in meadow-steppe taxocenes of collembola. The studied taxocenes include six biotope groups of species. The biotope group of open landscape species (meadow-steppe, meadow and steppe) prevails, the share of which in the composition of the studied taxocenes is 52.4–62.5 % of the species diversity. According to the indicator of relative abundance, 44.4–64.8% belong to meadow-steppe species. A feature of the investigated taxocenes is the presence in their composition of 7.1 to 15 % of atmobiotic collembolan species that inhabit macrophytes and the surface of loose leaf litter and carry out regular daily migrations in the grass, trees and shrubs, as well as about 5 % of corticolous collembolan species, which are ecologically related to lichens, mosses, tree bark and stone substrates. It was established that in all three meadow-steppe phytocenoses of Eastern Podillya, a specialized type of collembolan taxocene is formed, where more than 40 % of the population has meadow-steppe species that are ecologically related to xerophytic grass groups.","PeriodicalId":173155,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Lviv University. Biological series","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128357755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myokines are one of the key elements of interaction between skeletal muscles and other systems of human body necessary for adaptation to physical loads","authors":"R. Tymochko-Voloshyn, V. Hashchyshyn, N. Paraniak, V. Boretsky, S. Reshetylo, Y. Boretsky","doi":"10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.01","url":null,"abstract":"Muscle tissue makes up a significant percentage of body weight, and its metabolism affects almost all body systems. Despite a sufficiently large number of physiological observations that confirmed the need for regular physical activity to maintain health, the molecular mechanisms of such an effect remained unestablished for a long time. Results of recent research confirmed that skeletal muscles are an endocrine organ that produces a wide range of bioregulators, which synthesis and excretion are stimulated during exercise. At present, many of these factors that mediate metabolic and physiological responses in muscles and other organs have been identified and named myokines. To date the most studied myokines are: interleukins (IL-6, LIF, IL-4, IL-7, IL-8, and IL-15), myostatin, myonectin (CTRP15), irisin, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), follistatin-like protein-1 (FSTL-1), decorin and SPARC (osteonectin). Most of the myokines exert their effects through paracrine and/or autocrine pathways within muscles, and many of them also act as endocrine agents – via lymph and blood. The biological activity of myokines is realized via modulation of the activity of general global regulatory mechanisms, such as the SMAD signaling cascade, p38/MAPK, Erk1/2 MAPK, PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β, cAMP/Akt, AMPK-dependent regulation, and JNK signaling pathway. At the same time, myokines are involved in the regulation of the activity of the myogenic transcription factors MyoD, myf5, myogenin and a number of proteins involved in the sensing and transport of glucose and fatty acids. Myokines play one of the main roles in the interaction between skeletal muscles, liver, bone and adipose tissues. They increase tissues sensitivity to insulin and are involved in the regulation of important metabolic processes such as carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism. Myokines play a significant role in the regulation of myogenesis, osteogenesis, thermogenesis, lipolysis, growth and division of muscle and nerve tissue cells, vascularization, etc. Given the fact that the expression of myokines is induced by muscle contraction, their study allows us to reveal the molecular mechanisms realizing the positive effects of physical exertion. Further studies of myokines and their mechanisms of action are necessary for the development of personalized recommendations for the physical activity of people with metabolic diseases in rehabilitation, physical therapy, medical supervision of physical education and sports.","PeriodicalId":173155,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Lviv University. Biological series","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125107627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecotoxicological responses of Planorbarius corneus s. lato allospecies (Mollusca, Gastropoda) from Ukrainian river network to exposure of pesticides","authors":"Yu. Ikonnikova","doi":"10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.10","url":null,"abstract":"We studied by the laboratory tests the impact of the most widespread pesticides (insecticide “Actor”, fungicide “Scooter”, herbicide “Titus-C”) in different concentrations (0,001–1000 mg/L) and in water on the main ecotoxicological indexes of genetic vicaristic “western” and “eastern” allospecies of great ramshorn Planorbarius corneus s. lato. It was established, the ranges of toxic action of these pollutants (mg/L) are the following: insecticide – < 0.01–1, fungicide – < 0.1–80, herbicide – < 40–1000 for “western” allospecies, and < 0.001–1, < 0.01–10, < 10–1000, respectively, for “eastern” allospecies. By the toxic scale for ramshorns, the studied toxicants belong to low-toxic (herbicide “Titus C”), strongly toxic (fungicide “Scooter”) and highly toxic (insecticide “Actor”), and present the following order: insecticide > fungicide > herbicide. Via monitoring the behavioral features and physiological state of studied mollusсs, we established the threshold, sub-lethal, chronic-lethal and acute-lethal concentrations for each of examined pollutants (mg/L). The length of latent period within the intoxication process development differed among allospecies. Under the concentrations 0,001–10 mg/L, this index was higher in “western” than in “eastern” allospecies (p≤0.05). Adaptation coefficients to three examined pesticides categories in studied mollusсs were the highest under insecticide action and the lowest under herbicide action, and were registered earlier in “eastern” allospecies. Along with increasing of toxicants concentrations, the durability coefficients raised in both allospecies, but they appeared higher in “eastern” allospecies than in “western” one (p≤0.05). The lethal time decreased from lower to higher concentrations of toxicant used, but under the same concentrations it was shorter by 1–2 hours in “eastern” allospecies (p≤0.05). The absolute values of toxicity indexes were 1.6–10-fold lower for “eastern” than for “western” allospecies (р≤0.05). Under the impact of certain concentrations of used toxicants, both allospecies developed irreversible pathological process of intoxication consisting of 5 phases: latent, stimulatory, depressive, sublethal and lethal. Under the impact of equal concentrations in all the experiments, the mortality of “eastern” allospecies was higher than that of “western” one. By a set of signs is was established, that “eastern” allospecies is much more sensitive and less adapted for pesticides impact in water environment than “western” allospecies is, thus it tends to regress under the conditions of enhanced environment pollution by studied toxicants. It can be a consequence of more arid climate in this allospecies’ range on the Left-Bank of Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":173155,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Lviv University. Biological series","volume":"492 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122752098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microsatellite loci polymorphism of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) chromosome 5H and association of allele with frost resistance","authors":"M. Balvinska, S. Gavrylov, V. Fayt","doi":"10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.06","url":null,"abstract":"Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a crop of great economic importance for many countries of the world, including Ukraine. One of the main reason limiting barley production in different regions of Ukraine is low-temperature stress. Prediction of frost resistance in the development and choice of resistant genotypes is one of the main tasks of the breeding. Applying the tools of molecular genetic analysis involves increasing the efficiency of traditional methods of identification and genotype screening with the necessary traits in a specific climatic area. The 5H chromosomal loci are a component of a complex system of genes involved in the formation of resistance to low negative temperatures. The polymorphism and allele distribution of nine microsatellite loci in chromosome 5H, which are localisation in the region of the key NT- resistance genes Fr-H1, Fr-H2 and close to these regions in 35 varieties of the autumn barley collection, were studied. Allelic polymorphism with the presence of two (UMB702) to five (Bmag0223) alleles was detected at the loci Bmag0223, Bmag0323, Bmag0760, GMS061 and UMB702. The frost resistance of 31 varieties with different durations of hardening was evaluated and essential differences between them were noted for this feature. According to the results of the analysis of polymorphism of microsatellite loci and data on evaluation of varieties for frost resistance, the connection of allelic differences of four out of five polymorphic loci with the level of frost resistance and hardening rates was revealed. Reliable associations were established between the presence of alleles Bmag0223, Bmag0323, Bmag0760, GMS061 and indicators of the level of frost resistance. Allelic differences at the UMB702 locus were not associated with differences in any of the traits. Alleles of the microsatellite locus Bmag0223 are recommended for negative choice of less frost-resistant barley genotypes at the early plant breeding stages.","PeriodicalId":173155,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Lviv University. Biological series","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114858867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Materials for the flora of Uzhgorod city based on herbarium analysis Uzhhorod National University","authors":"M. Soyma","doi":"10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.04","url":null,"abstract":"The herbarium collection of the Uzhhorod National University (Herbarium UU), both the main collection of the flora of Transcarpathia, and the doublet collections of A. Margittai and L. Wagner are very interesting in the regional sense and have both scientific and historical and cultural significance. The herbarium of the Department of Botany of the Uzhhorod National University (UU) was established in 1947. Today, it is stored in the Botanical Garden and has about 107,000 herbarium specimens [4]. The personal collections of L. Wagner and A. Margittai are stored separately. The herbarium collection of the Uzhgorod National University covers mainly the territory of the Ukrainian Carpathians and the Prytisyan lowland and is currently the most complete herbarium collection of the flora of Transcarpathia. In particular, specimens of many species of aboriginal flora are kept in the herbarium, and the collection of regional exotics is particularly interesting. As a result of the analysis of the herbarium materials of the Department of Botany of the Uzhhorod National University, it was established that 469 species were recorded from the territory of the city of Uzhhorod. By the number of species, the families Brassicaceae, Asteraceae, Rosaceae, Fabaceae and Lamiaceae are the most numerous, Caryophyllaceae, Poaceae and Boraginaceae are much smaller. During the audit of the major part of the scientific herbarium of the Botany Department of UzhNU (flora of Transcarpathia), from all the herbarium specimens, those that were collected in the territory of the city of Uzhhorod or its surroundings, which are now included in the administrative boundaries of the city (for example, the villages of Domanyntsi, Dravtsi, Horyany, Radvanka, Radvansky forest, etc.) were selected. Among the found herbarium specimens are species that are now considered highly invasive within Ukraine. It is likely that for some of them the data refer to the first or one of the early findings of wildness (Amorpha fruticosa L., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Acer negundo L., etc.)","PeriodicalId":173155,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Lviv University. Biological series","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132408518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in biotic properties of soils due to reforestation of the former agricultural lands (Skolivski Beskydy, the Ukrainian Carpathians)","authors":"O. Lenevych, I. Rybalka","doi":"10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.09","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with an impact of the former agriculture land abandonment on biotic properties of soils. In order to better comprehend the processes of spontaneous reforestation (sylvatisation) in a mountain region (the Pohartsi boundary, Koziova village, Stryi district, Lviv regionthe (Skolivski Beskydy physiographic region, the Ukrainian Carpathians) four study plots were selected representing the successional sequence: forest → pasture → hay meadow → arable lands. The study revealed that indicators of microbiological activity is positively affected by the forest floor presence. A zone of the highest soil biotic activity coincides with the limits of the humus horizon Н. Getting deeper into soil profile microbiological activity falls manifold due to changes in physical, hydrophysical and physical-chemical soil properties. In the pasture lands that were least affected by the past agricultural activities, we found both increase and decrease in soil biotic properties. This is foremost caused by the environmental changes. Absence of the forest floor, as a major nutrient source, leads to the 30% decrease in the biomass microorganisms while soil pH shift from a largely to moderately acidic reaction causes 1,5-times higher catalase activity. The latter was the highest in the former pasture lands among all study plots and was assessed as “moderate”. Increase in the urease activity was documented, as well. However its highest values were measured in upper soil horizons of both past and present arable lands. Such an increase of the urease activity is caused by application of organic fertilizers. Despite slightly acidic reaction of the soil water extract from upper horizons of ploughed-up soils the catalase activity here decreases up to 2–2.5 times. This is caused by deterioration of hydric and aeration properties of soils due to their compaction. We noted manifold decrease in the С-СО2 production, as well. The most optimal soil parameters were characteristic for the hay meadow plot despite being significantly affected by anthropogenic activities while the succession of ‘arable lands → pasture → hay meadow’ took a path. Similar moderate soil biotic activity was distinguished for the former pasture land plots. This indicates on the self-restoration and self-regulation capacities of natural ecosystems in the region. We concluded that major indicators of soil biotic activity in the past arable lands are the urease activity, microbial biomass, and soil respiration. The catalase activity makes an additional value for soil degradation assessment of the post-agricultural land uses.","PeriodicalId":173155,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Lviv University. Biological series","volume":"383 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133910431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An actinomycete strain of Streptomyces sp. Je 1-93: a producer of antifungal antibiotics","authors":"S. Tistechok, V. Fedorenko, O. Gromyko","doi":"10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/vlubs.2023.88.02","url":null,"abstract":"Screening new naturally occurring biologically active compounds is an effective strategy for creating a portfolio of platforms for developing new chemical agents against multidrug-resistant microbial strains. Actinomycetes are an extremely prolific source of structurally diverse secondary metabolites, most of which have pharmaceutical or biotechnological significance. Among them, the genus Streptomyces stands out, producing about 55 % of all known naturally occurring antibiotics. However, due to the significant redisco­very of already known compounds, especially among actinomycetes, the rate of discovery of new antibiotics has slowed considerably. Today, there is growing interest in screening biologically active compounds from poorly studied and extreme habitats. In this study, we demonstrated the phylogeny, bioactivity and dereplication of secondary metabolites of the Je 1-93 strain isolated from the rhizosphere soil of juniper (Juniperus excelsa Bieb.). Phylogenetic analysis of the Je 1-93 strain based on the nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene allowed its identification in the Streptomyces genus and showed the greatest similarity with the S. hydrogenans CA04 strain (100 % identity). Analysis of the antimicrobial activity of this strain showed its strong antifungal activity against the reference Candida albicans ATCC 885-653 strain as well as the multi-resistant C. albicans №12 strain, which is resistant to nystatin, amphotericin B, clotrimazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole and fluconazole. To identify compounds that probably provide antifungal activity, we analysed secondary metabolites produced by Streptomyces sp. Je 1-93. To facilitate dereplication, the obtained extracts of secondary metabolites were separated by size-exclusion chromatography on a column filled with Sephadex LH-20. Methanol was used as the mobile phase. As a result of the dereplication analysis in the database of natural compounds (Dictionary of Natural Products), antibiotic antimycins were found among the secondary metabolites in the extract of the Je 1-93 strain, and they have a high probability of providing the antifungal activity of this strain.","PeriodicalId":173155,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Lviv University. Biological series","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132048203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}