{"title":"A novel image encryption scheme based on a 3D enhanced chaotic map and DNA computing model","authors":"Xudong Wang , Xingbin Liu , Junwei Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the increasing importance of information sharing and storage, image encryption has become a critical method to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive image data. In this paper, a novel symmetric image encryption algorithm is presented by combining DNA encoding and a proposed three-dimensional enhanced logistic-fraction-sine (3D-ELFS) hyper-chaotic system. The performance of 3D-ELFS is verified through rigorous tests, such as bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponent, permutation entropy, and 0-1 test. In addition, a DNA computing model based on the self-inverting function is proposed, the 8 encoding rules and 7 designed operations are determined by chaotic sequences generated with 3D-ELFS. In addition, the operation number of DNA diffusion is controlled with number of diffusion (ND) factors. After DNA level permutation and diffusion, the ciphertext image is obtained. Through correlation analysis, histogram analysis, information entropy, as well as analysis of metric values such as NPCR, UACI and MSE, it is proven that the proposed encryption algorithm exhibits robustness and security against different attack methods. Experimental results demonstrate the algorithm has high security and usability in practical application scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 11","pages":"Article 107790"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Time-varying bandwidth extended state observer-based trajectory tracking control for unmanned helicopters with disturbances","authors":"Zhaoji Wang, Shouzhao Sheng, Zhiyuan Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the trajectory tracking problems of a disturbed unmanned helicopter. A time-varying bandwidth extended state observer (TBESO) is developed to estimate lumped disturbances, mitigating the performance limitations of observers due to fixed bandwidth and effectively reducing the initial peaking phenomenon while ensuring strict stability proof. Based on the disturbance information estimated by TBESO, an adaptive super twisting algorithm sliding mode controller (ASTASMC) and an adaptive feedback controller (AFC) are proposed for position and attitude subsystems, respectively. The designed approach reduces dependency on model information, resulting in a more concise control structure. In addition, the introduction of adaptive method eliminates the effects of static parameter deviations, reduces parameter sensitivity and enhances control accuracy. The stability of control system is rigorously proven using Lyapunov theory. Finally, numerical simulations comparing the designed scheme with linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) and TBESO-based block backstepping control (BBSC) demonstrate its superiority and effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 12","pages":"Article 107820"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coupled dynamics analysis and adaptive control of rigid-flexible vehicles with model uncertainties","authors":"Marco Fagetti , Morad Nazari , Hancheol Cho","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107774","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents the design and application of an adaptive sliding mode control (ASMC) strategy for a rigid-body vehicle with flexible structures and uncertain dynamics, modeled through a linearized dynamic framework. The dynamics of the planar rigid–flexible system are derived using the finite element method, resulting in a linear matrix–vector form that captures the rigid–flexible coupling within the vehicle’s structure. The control approach combines nominal and uncertainty compensation control laws. The nominal control law employs a linear quadratic regulator with a reference input to achieve desired state tracking in the absence of uncertainties. To address system uncertainties, an ASMC law originally developed for single-input, single-output systems is extended to large-dimensional, multi-input, multi-output systems with potentially differing numbers of inputs and outputs. The ASMC framework accounts for system uncertainties without requiring <em>a priori</em> knowledge of the uncertainty bounds. The controller incorporates both full-order (when all state measurements are available) and reduced-order (when some state measurements are unavailable) observers to estimate both nominal and actual states. The proposed algorithm relies on a limited set of physically meaningful parameters, facilitating straightforward adjustment and implementation. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the ASMC strategy, demonstrating robust stabilization, accurate tracking, and chattering mitigation despite model uncertainties. A parametric analysis further examines the influence of the ASMC parameters on system response and control performance. Compared to an adaptive nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode controller in the literature, the proposed ASMC achieves comparable state convergence while exhibiting superior vibration suppression and reduced control effort.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 11","pages":"Article 107774"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Finite-time fuzzy control for constrained nonlinear systems with non-affine faults, input saturation and dead-zone","authors":"Xinxu Ju, Shaosheng Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the issue of finite-time adaptive fuzzy output feedback control for a category of non-strict feedback nonlinear systems, which are affected by non-affine nonlinear faults and full-state constraints, while also considering the presence of saturation and dead-zone nonlinearities in the input signal. To address the nonlinear faults and uncertain functions within the system, the universal approximation capability of fuzzy logic systems is utilized, and then a fuzzy state observer is developed. Simultaneously, the Butterworth low-pass filter and the properties of fuzzy basis functions are leveraged to address the algebraic loop problem caused by the non-strict feedback structure. Based on finite-time stability criteria, within the framework of the backstepping control design method, an adaptive fuzzy controller is formulated by incorporating logarithmic barrier Lyapunov function, where the dynamic surface control technique, assisted by first-order linear filters, is employed to avoid the problem of “complexity explosion”. Stability analysis shows that the presented control scheme can ensure that all signals within the closed-loop system remain bounded, and that the tracking error converges to a small neighborhood around the origin in finite time, while ensuring that all states remain within a predefined set. Finally, two practical examples are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control design approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 11","pages":"Article 107773"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptive predefined-time fuzzy control based on command filtering for uncertain time-delay nonlinear systems","authors":"Fanghui Song, Renming Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the issue of tracking control for strictly feedback nonlinear systems affected by internal uncertainties and external disturbances. An adaptive predefined-time fuzzy control scheme based on constructing a novel command filter is proposed, which ensures that the tracking error can converge to a region close to zero within a predefined time and effectively addresses the complexity explosion problem in applying the backstepping method. A fuzzy logic system is used to approximate the unknown nonlinear terms, while an adaptive control method handles external disturbances. In addition, the Pade approximation method is employed to transform the time-delay system model into a delay-free form, which facilitates the controller design. The main benefit of this approach is its ability to ensure that the tracking error converges within a specified time, even in the presence of internal uncertainties and unmatched external disturbances. Finally, simulation results validate the effectiveness of the theoretical findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 12","pages":"Article 107771"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144312868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guimei Wei , Zhenzhen Yuan , Wenhai Qi , Jinde Cao , Jun Cheng , Kaibo Shi
{"title":"Finite-time self-triggered synchronization for semi-Markov jump reaction–diffusion complex dynamical networks","authors":"Guimei Wei , Zhenzhen Yuan , Wenhai Qi , Jinde Cao , Jun Cheng , Kaibo Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107765","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107765","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work studies the finite-time self-triggered synchronization for semi-Markov jump reaction–diffusion complex dynamical networks (CNDs). Discussed the more general switching topologies of CNDs, semi-Markov process enhances the practicality of the investigated model. The self-triggered protocol does not require additional hardware for monitoring system state, but instead relies on the recent samples and plant information to predict the next triggering moment, effectively avoiding resource wastage. The minimum inter-event time for the established self-triggered control is given to prevent Zeno phenomena, and the sufficient synchronization criterion of CNDs is derived based on finite-time boundedness and inequality technique. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed methodology is presented by numerical example and application example.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 11","pages":"Article 107765"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144270493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptive fuzzy-based distributed optimization with privacy protection for uncertain high-order nonlinear multi-agent systems against two types of cyber attacks","authors":"Han-Yu Wu , Qingshan Liu , Ju H. Park","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the adaptive fuzzy distributed optimization with privacy protection for high-order nonlinear multi-agent systems (MASs) with uncertain disturbance under cyber attacks, in which DoS and eavesdropping attacks are considered. A hierarchical architecture for achieving an optimal objective is provided to build a bridge between distributed optimization design and fuzzy tracking control. A visual signal is constructed to ensure the agents cooperatively minimize the objective function when designing a distributed optimization algorithm to defend against DoS attacks. Moreover, the SingleMod cryptosystem-based privacy protection strategy is employed to avoid privacy leakage caused by external eavesdroppers. Then, an adaptive fuzzy controller is developed to guarantee that the output of MASs can converge to the optimal solution by utilizing a fuzzy logic system and adaptive backstepping technique. Finally, a simulation example is provided to illustrate the validity of the obtained results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 11","pages":"Article 107769"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advancing control of Boolean control networks with delays in output and states: From the Smith predictor to its modification","authors":"Weiwei Zhang , Yuanchang Sun , Kai Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper studies the application of the Smith predictor in designing the control of Boolean Control Networks (BCNs) with delays. We present the Smith predictor and its modified version as general frameworks that can be constructed upon any nominal controller. The approach is then utilized for the design of a time-optimal controller for BCNs with output delays and state delays, using a delay-free time-optimal controller as the nominal controller. The controllability of the Smith predictor and the modified Smith predictor is also investigated. By introducing a quasi-distance, we compare the performance of the optimal controller with other types of controllers for the delayed BCNs. The results demonstrate that our approach is flexible, effective, and performs well.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 12","pages":"Article 107767"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144312867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reachable set synthesis of nonlinear heterogeneous multi-agent systems with Markov switching topologies","authors":"Zhihao Shen, Liang Zhang, Ning Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the problem of reachable set synthesis for nonlinear leaderless heterogeneous multi-agent systems (NLHMASs) under Markov switching topologies. Currently, there exists a paucity of relevant studies on NLHMASs under Markov switching topologies. However, the communication topologies of NLHMASs plays a crucial role in their collaboration, and Markov switching topologies capture the randomness of communication more effectively than fixed topologies. Motivated by this gap, the NLHMASs under Markov switching topologies are considered in this paper, and a consensus protocol in the form of proportional derivative state feedback is designed. Then, by applying Lyapunov functional theory, sufficient conditions described in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) are derived to guarantee that the reachable set of the systems is bounded by a compact ellipsoid. To increase the feasibility of solutions for LMIs in the sufficient conditions, the free-weighting matrix method is used. However, the introduction of the free-weighting matrix leads to a problem of matrix coupling. To solve this problem effectively, the gains are obtained by using the matrix transformation technique. The validity of the theoretical results is finally verified by a numerical example and practical verification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 12","pages":"Article 107770"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaoling Wang , Shengnan Zhu , Juan Qian , Housheng Su
{"title":"Distributed Global Leader-Following Coordination of MASs with Heterogeneous Input Saturation: Scheduling Low-Gain Revisited","authors":"Xiaoling Wang , Shengnan Zhu , Juan Qian , Housheng Su","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we revisit the global coordinated tracking problem of the leader-following multi-agent systems with input saturation via the scheduling low-gain feedback technique, aiming to make breakthroughs from aspects such as the heterogeneity of saturation level and the distributed characteristic of scheduled tuning algorithms on the low-gain parameters, that is the newly proposed distributed scheduling low-gain approach. First, we provide a continuous-time tuning algorithm for the low-gain parameter of each follower to articulate the fundamental idea of the distributed scheduling low-gain technique on addressing heterogeneous saturation, so as to solve the global consensus tracking of multi-agent systems with heterogeneous input saturation and one leader. Then, this result is extended to the global containment tracking of multi-agent systems with multiple leaders. Furthermore, from the perspective of reducing communication burden, we further propose a distributed scheduling low-gain parameter algorithm by using the sampled relative information between each follower and its neighbors, and offer the upper and lower bounds on the sampling period to ensure the achievement of global coordination tracking. Finally, numerical simulations are performed to verify the theoretical results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 11","pages":"Article 107768"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}