Journal of the Indian Chemical Society最新文献

{"title":"ROS - Triggered antibacterial and photothermal cytotoxicity of phyto-engineered NiO nanoparticles in MG - 63 bone cancer cells","authors":"S. Gayathri ,&nbsp;Z. Mohamed Riyas ,&nbsp;A. Jegatha Christy","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>NiO NPs were fabricated through an eco-friendly hydrothermal process utilizing <em>Cissus Quadrangularis</em> stem (CQS) extract functioning as a phytogenic reductant. GC-MS analysis of the extract unveiled a diverse array of bioactive compounds, with Trisphosphate emerging as the dominant constituent, presumed to play a central role in biogenic diminution throughout nanoparticles generation. Structural characterization by XRD confirmed the cubic crystalline phase of NiO with an average crystallite dimension of 22.54 nm. The reduced crystallite size in conjunction with an appreciable surface area of 59.09 m²/g provides a strong basis for their incredible antibacterial and anticancer efficacy. FTIR spectra evidenced the characteristic Ni–O stretching band along with auxiliary functional groups, validating the integration of phytochemicals in nanoparticles synthesis. UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed an absorption edge at 305 nm with a corresponding band gap of 3.65 eV, suggestive of their proficiency in ROS-mediated bioactivities. FESEM and HRTEM analyses displayed predominantly needle-like nanostructures, while EDS with elemental mapping affirmed their compositional purity. Functionally, NiO NPs demonstrated potent antibacterial action against <em>B. subtilis</em>, and CQS-derived NiO NPs exhibited efficient PCE under NIR irradiation, resulting in elevated intracellular ROS levels in MG-63 cells. The excessive ROS disrupted redox balance, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and membrane depolarization. This ROS-driven photothermal stress ultimately initiated pronounced cancer cell death, highlighting their potential for bone cancer therapy. Collectively, these findings delineate the mechanistic framework underlying the dual antibacterial and anticancer efficacy of the synthesized NiO nanostructures, reinforcing their significance as advanced nano-engineered platforms for bone malignancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 5","pages":"Article 102532"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, structural elucidation, biological, DFT, molecular docking investigation of new mixed-ligand Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes derived from Schiff base and bromhexine","authors":"Nadia A.A. Elkanzi ,&nbsp;Ibtisam Alali ,&nbsp;Nada Alhathlaul ,&nbsp;Wassila Derafa ,&nbsp;Ali M. Ali ,&nbsp;Aly Abdou","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emergence of multidrug-resistant microbial strains necessitates the design of new coordination compounds with enhanced biological activity. In this study, two new mixed-ligand Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes were synthesized from Bromhexine (BR) and a Schiff base (SB) derived from 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and p-toluidine, aiming to explore their structural, electronic, and biological properties. Comprehensive characterization using elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV–Vis, mass spectrometry, magnetic, conductivity, and thermal measurements confirmed the formation of [Ni(BR)(SB)]Cl and [Cu(BR)(SB)(Cl)(H₂O)] complexes with tetrahedral and distorted octahedral geometries, respectively. The Ni(II) complex behaved as a 1:1 electrolyte, while the Cu(II) complex was non-electrolytic, indicating different coordination environments. Thermal analysis corroborated the absence of hydration water and the presence of one coordinated water molecule in CuBRSB. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations revealed that NiBRSB has the lowest HOMO-LUMO energy gap (2.55 eV), highest softness (0.39), and strongest nucleophilicity (1.98), consistent with its superior reactivity. Biological assays demonstrated markedly enhanced antibacterial and antifungal activities for both complexes, particularly NiBRSB, which showed inhibition zones up to 25.4 mm against <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> and 24.4 mm against <em>Candida albicans</em>. Molecular docking against the bacterial target FabH-CoA (PDB ID: <span><span>1HNJ</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>) supported these results, revealing strong binding affinities (−9.20 kcal mol⁻¹) and key hydrogen-bond interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 4","pages":"Article 102482"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment Using Electrocoagulation: Process Optimization for the Removal of Dissolved Organic Matter","authors":"Nofri Naldi ,&nbsp;Reni Desmiarti ,&nbsp;Primas Emeraldi ,&nbsp;Maulana Yusup Rosadi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Miftahur Rahman ,&nbsp;Nofrizon Rahman ,&nbsp;Ariadi Hazmi","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reduction of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in palm oil mill effluent (POME) was investigated by using electrocoagulation (EC) with aluminum electrodes. The operational parameters, including current intensities (12, 14, 16, and 31 A), applied voltages (2 V and 4 V), and contact times (30, 60, 120, and 180 min), were examined to assess their influence on DOM removal during EC treatment. UV absorbance at 260 nm (UV₂₆₀), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and fluorescent DOM were monitored to assess the changes in concentration and composition. The raw POME contained 2687 mg/L of DOC and exhibited high levels of protein-like, fulvic-like, and humic-like components. The results showed that EC at 31 A with a stirring speed of 30 rpm achieved reductions of 83% in DOC, 90% in UV₂₆₀, and 67% in humic-like Peak 5 after 45 min. Additionally, the aromatic content of DOM, measured by specific UV absorbance (SUVA), decreased by 62% after 15 min of treatment at 31 A with 10 rpm stirring, indicating that DOM transformed into aliphatic compounds. The Peak 5/Peak 2 ratio showed a good correlation with SUVA, suggesting that EC effectively reduced aromatic humic-like DOM. Furthermore, X-ray fluorescence analysis of the resulting EC sludge revealed a high aluminum content, both in its elemental form (60.4%) and as Al₂O₃ (71.3%), suggesting potential for material recovery and reuse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 5","pages":"Article 102549"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147452777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of advanced AC/MnO2 nanocomposites for efficient Rhodamine B dye removal from aqueous media","authors":"Bhanupriya Mordhiya,&nbsp;Rekha Sharma,&nbsp;Parmeshwar Lal Meena,&nbsp;Pooja Meena,&nbsp;Ashish Dev Kanwadia","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study reports the development of a novel AC/MnO₂ nanocomposite synthesized from the dead bark of Indian jujube for the efficient removal of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye from aqueous media. Activated carbon (AC) was produced via chemical activation and subsequently modified through a low-temperature reductive deposition method to form a uniform MnO₂ coating. The structural, morphological, and surface properties of the nanocomposite were extensively characterized using FTIR, XRD, FESEM, HRTEM, EDS, and zeta potential analysis. The XRD pattern confirmed the formation of α-MnO₂ on the AC surface, while FTIR revealed abundant oxygen-containing functional groups that facilitate dye interaction. FESEM/HRTEM imaging showed a highly porous architecture suitable for adsorption, and the nanocomposite exhibited strong surface stability with a zeta potential of −43.10 mV.</div><div>Batch adsorption studies demonstrated that RhB removal was strongly influenced by pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration, and temperature. Optimal performance was achieved at pH 2, with a dose of 40 mg L⁻¹ and a contact time of 50 min, resulting in a maximum removal efficiency of 98.40 %. Kinetic data fitted best to the pseudo-second-order model, indicating chemisorption-dominated interaction, while equilibrium data followed the Langmuir isotherm, suggesting monolayer adsorption with a maximum adsorption capacity of 135.13 mg g⁻¹. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed the spontaneity and endothermic nature of the adsorption process. The nanocomposite retained ∼90 % adsorption efficiency after four reuse cycles, demonstrating excellent structural stability and reusability.</div><div>Overall, the study establishes AC/MnO₂ synthesized from Indian jujube bark as a cost-effective, sustainable, and high-performance adsorbent for dye-contaminated wastewater remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 3","pages":"Article 102438"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrodeposition of Ni-Zn-S films from zinc plant filter cakes: A waste-derived electrocatalyst for alkaline hydrogen evolution","authors":"Davood Moradkhani ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Asjadi ,&nbsp;Ghasem Barati Darband ,&nbsp;Hamed Mousavi ,&nbsp;Sara Panahi ,&nbsp;Zeinab Hashemlou","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, Ni/Zn/S containing films were successfully electrodeposited on nickel foam using leachates derived from cold purification filter cakes of a zinc production plant. This method introduces the effective utilization of industrial waste to produce efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline media. The structural, morphological, and compositional properties of the films were characterized by SEM, XRD, EDS, and FTIR analyses.</div><div>Among the samples prepared under different deposition conditions, the catalyst obtained via optimized pulsed chronoamperometric deposition exhibited the best HER performance, achieving overpotentials of 70, 110, 200, and 330 mV at 10, 20, 50, and 100 mA cm⁻², respectively. The Tafel slope of 95 mV.dec⁻¹ indicates favorable reaction kinetics dominated by the Tafel step. Moreover, the optimized sample displayed the highest double layer capacitance (C_dl = 7.09 μF cm⁻²) and electrochemically active surface area <strong>(</strong>ECSA = 354 cm²) corresponding to a roughness factor of approximately 354.</div><div>The enhanced activity is attributed to its rough, thin morphology and Ni–S-rich surface composition, which increase both the density of active sites and intrinsic catalytic activity. This work demonstrates that complex industrial leachates can be effectively recycled into high-performance and low-cost HER electrocatalysts through optimization of the electrodeposition process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 3","pages":"Article 102447"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermionic emission of In:SnO2 layered P–N junction photo diode application by using jet nebulizer spray pyrolysis technique","authors":"P. Gomathi ,&nbsp;M. Ramamurthy ,&nbsp;P. Vivek","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102444","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102444","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tin oxide thin films with varying weight concentrations (0, 1, 3, and 5 wt%) and In doped SnO₂ oxide films were proven to be in the cubic phase by X-ray diffraction analysis utilizing the jet nebulizer spray pyrolysis method. The Williamson-Hall technique was also used to confirm the micro-strain effects. The creation of polyhedron layered geometry was found to be dependent on concentration, as demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Burstein-Moss shift was identified as the cause of the concentration's impact on surface irregularity and its effect on band gap shift, which were both verified by optical characterisation. The XPS emission peak, which confirms the chemical composition, strengthened the impact on doping. p-Si/n-In:SnO₂ junction diodes were constructed at 600 °C for both 1 to 5 wt% concentrations of In doped SnO₂ and as produced SnO₂, based on confirmations from these characterizations. Under lighting conditions, P–N junction diodes that were constructed and examined demonstrated a high sensitivity for 5 wt% In doped SnO₂. This makes the 5 wt% In doped junction diode a strong option for optoelectronic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 3","pages":"Article 102444"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fruit waste to fuel: A case study on hydrogen generation using pomegranate peels","authors":"Shivali Singh Gaharwar ,&nbsp;Ranjita S. Das ,&nbsp;Anupama Kumar ,&nbsp;Charu Juneja ,&nbsp;Sukdeb Pal","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102468","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102468","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid global population growth has intensified the demand for increased fruit production as well as renewable energy using environmentally sustainable approaches for better life quality. Pomegranate, a widely consumed fruit, generates huge quantities of peel waste that pose significant solid waste management challenges. This study presents a sustainable approach for valorizing pomegranate peels (PP) into efficient biocatalysts for hydrogen generation via alcoholysis of sodium borohydride (NaBH₄). Optimization of calcination temperature and acid mixture ratios yielded high-performing biocatalysts, P3-350 and P4-450, which were further characterized using FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, FESEM, ICP-OES, XPS, XRD, CHNS, Boehm titration and BET surface area analysis (P3-350: 85.22 and P4-450: 38.02 m² g⁻¹). P3-350 achieved hydrogen generation rates (HGR) of 99,000 mL min⁻¹ gcat⁻¹ (5940 L h⁻¹ gcat⁻¹) during methanolysis, while P4-450 depicted HGR of 112,667/137,142.9 mL min⁻¹ gcat⁻¹ (6760/8228.57 L h⁻¹ gcat⁻¹) during methanolysis/ethylene glycolysis of NaBH₄ under optimized reaction conditions. This work highlights the dual benefit of pomegranate peel-derived biocatalysts, by providing an ecofriendly pathway for on-demand hydrogen generation while effectively addressing fruit waste management. The proposed process contributes to sustainable energy production, circular bioeconomy, and resource recovery from agricultural residues, thereby supporting a cleaner and more energy-resilient future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 3","pages":"Article 102468"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative utilization of leather waste for chromium-doped ZnO photocatalysts: Advanced modeling and MATLAB optimization for effective wastewater treatment","authors":"Hadjar Belkacemi ,&nbsp;Amel Benhadji ,&nbsp;Mourad Taleb Ahmed ,&nbsp;Reguia Boudraa ,&nbsp;Hichem Tahraoui ,&nbsp;Abdeltif Amrane ,&nbsp;Mélanie Mignot ,&nbsp;Alain Ledoux","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of chromium-doped zinc oxide (Zn₀.₉₇Cr₀.₀₃O) photocatalysts derived from recycled leather waste, targeting the photodegradation of Methyl Orange (MO) dye under visible light irradiation. The Zn₀.₉₇Cr₀.₀₃O catalyst was prepared and characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A comprehensive parametric study was conducted to examine the effects of pH, initial dye concentration, and catalyst dosage on photodegradation performance. Under optimized conditions (pH 6.3, 1 g/L catalyst, 20 ppm dye concentration), the Zn₀.₉₇Cr₀.₀₃O catalyst achieved an 94.8 % degradation efficiency and 87.66 % mineralization within 120 min. Scavengers studies indicate that, photogenerated holes were the most influential species, contributing to a 28 % reduction in degradation efficiency, followed by hydroxyl radicals (30 %) and superoxide radical anions (39 %), while photoelectrons showed the least impact (52 %). The catalyst exhibited high recyclability, maintaining over 82 % efficiency after sixth cycles, demonstrating its robustness. To enhance predictive accuracy of the photocatalytic process, a Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) model coupled with an Improved Lévy Flight Distribution (FDB-LFD) algorithm was employed. This advanced model provided an accurate prediction of the degradation rate, with a predicted value of 95.2810 %, closely aligning with the experimental results (94.8 %), and an error margin of just 1.2810 %. This modeling approach allowed for precise optimization of the process parameters, further showcasing the efficacy of the Zn₀.₉₇Cr₀.₀₃O catalyst in real-world applications. The integration of recycled chromium from leather waste into the ZnO lattice represents a novel approach to sustainable waste valorization and photocatalyst development. The superior photocatalytic performance of Zn₀.₉₇Cr₀.₀₃O under visible light offers a promising solution for the treatment of industrial wastewater, particularly in textile dye removal, while contributing to circular economy objectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 3","pages":"Article 102436"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kombucha bacterial cellulose as a sustainable leather alternative via tanning-like chromium coordination and “post-tanning” treatments","authors":"Sylvia Jayashree ,&nbsp;R.T. Birla Sheyara ,&nbsp;Bharathkumar Gunasekaran ,&nbsp;Debasis Samanta","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bacterial cellulose pellicle from Kombucha (KBC), having a β-<span>d</span>-glucopyranose-based linear polymer, has attracted increasing attention for its purity, crystallinity, and biocompatibility. Unlike plant cellulose, bacterial cellulose (BC) exhibits a unique nanofibrillar network structure and is used across wound healing, drug delivery, packaging, and textile applications. However, its limited mechanical strength and water resistance restrict its use in durable materials like leather. In this study, Bacterial cellulose pellicle from Kombucha was chemically modified to introduce carboxylate groups, enabling chromium coordination akin to traditional chrome-tanning of leather. This chrome-treated KBC was subjected to post-tanning and fat-liquoring treatments. The modified KBC (final) (KBC-MCA-CT) samples showed substantial amount of chromium (73.3 mg/L via ICP-MS) confirmed by XPS (578 eV for Cr 2p3/2). DSC showed thermal behavior approaching natural leather's shrinkage temperature in some cases. Tensile strength increased significantly from (approx. 3 MPa–8 MPa) post-treatment, and water vapor permeability remained comparable to some leather. The shrinkage temperature of the modified KBC (final) (KBC-MCA-CT) was greater than 100^oC whereas for the chrome-tanned leather, it was observed at about 95 °C.These results suggest chrome-treated Bacterial cellulose pellicle from Kombucha as a sustainable leather-like alternative.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 3","pages":"Article 102423"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy investigation of adsorption-precipitation mechanisms governing phosphate removal by fly ash","authors":"Hilmi Dalal ,&nbsp;Zaim Soumia ,&nbsp;Mortadi Abdelhadi ,&nbsp;Rchid Halima ,&nbsp;Nmila Rachid ,&nbsp;El Moznine Reddad","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the electrochemical influence of phosphate concentration on the mechanisms governing phosphate removal by fly ash as a low-cost sorbent. Batch experiments were conducted using 1 g of fly ash in 100 mL aqueous Na₃PO₄ solutions with initial phosphate concentrations ranging from 20 to 100 mg/L under alkaline conditions at 24 °C. The phosphate removal efficiency reached approximately 93 % at 20 mg/L and decreased to about 30 % at 100 mg/L, concomitant with a pronounced pH decrease from ≈10 to ≈6. Combined UV–visible spectrophotometry, ICP-OES, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analyses demonstrated that phosphate elimination proceeds via a coupled adsorption-precipitation mechanism. Before fly ash addition, the impedance response was governed by a single Cole-Cole relaxation associated with bulk electrolyte behavior and diffusion. After fly ash incorporation, three distinct Cole-Cole relaxation processes were resolved, corresponding to low-frequency interfacial polarization, medium-frequency adsorption-controlled processes, and high-frequency rapid precipitation. Quantitative analysis showed that the high-frequency relaxation time τ_z-HF decreases sharply as phosphate concentration increases from 20 to 60 mg/L and then approaches a plateau up to 100 mg/L, whereas the medium-frequency relaxation time τ_z-MF increases approximately linearly over the same concentration range. The strong correlation between τ_z-HF and phosphate removal efficiency η (%) indicates that precipitation kinetics dominate phosphate immobilization, with adsorption acting as a secondary, diffusion-limited process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 3","pages":"Article 102460"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}