{"title":"Pseudo-intensity vector based sound speed measurement in indoor environments and its application to beamforming calibration","authors":"Bing Zhu, Wen Zhang, Xianrui Wang, Jingdong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work introduces a passive method for measuring the speed of sound in indoor reverberant environments using speech signals captured by first-order Ambisonic (FOA) microphones. This estimation is a key step in enhancing array signal processing performance, especially in environments where acoustic properties vary due to temperature and humidity changes. By leveraging the pseudo-intensity vector (PIV) derived from FOA signals, we can more accurately estimate the direction-of-arrival (DOA) of a source, independent of the sound speed. Additionally, we present a geometric model to compute the instantaneous sound speed based on the DOA and time delays estimated from signals recorded by two FOA microphones. The study further examines how factors such as source DOA, time delay, and FOA microphone spacing impact the accuracy of the estimate. Both simulations and experiments are conducted to validate the proposed method. Moreover, we demonstrate how instantaneous sound speed estimation can be used for beamforming calibration, facilitating robust beamformer design in time-varying acoustic environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"625 ","pages":"Article 119561"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145658767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuting Yang , Yu’e Ma , Linfeng Li , Li Cheng , Xiang Yu
{"title":"Quantification of structural damage by harnessing the principle of local force continuity","authors":"Yuting Yang , Yu’e Ma , Linfeng Li , Li Cheng , Xiang Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quantitative assessment of damage severity is important for maintaining and extending the service life of engineering structures. Traditional vibration-based methods often face challenges such as low sensitivity, strong dependence on structural details and excitation signals, and the need for global models or baseline signals. The recently developed Pseudo Excitation (PE) method enables the detection of local structural damage by utilizing high-order spatial derivatives of the measured displacement data, easing some of these constraints. However, the PE method can only pinpoint the presence of damage and outline its boundaries; it currently lacks the ability to quantify the damage severity or the profile of the damaged area. To address these limitations, this study proposes a novel damage quantification approach, referred to as Local Force Continuity (LFC) method, based on the continuity principle of local internal forces. By examining the force continuity relations near the damage boundary, we establish a correlation between the damage severity and the measured vibration responses, enabling a quantitative characterization of the damage profile. The proposed approach is first validated through numerical simulations, showcasing its remarkable ability in locating damage and identifying its shape. The effects of damage extents, excitation frequency and structural boundary conditions are systematically investigated, highlighting the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method. Finally, experimental verification is conducted using laser doppler vibrometer (LDV) scanning. Results demonstrate that the LFC method can effectively assess damage severity. The LFC method not only retains the advantages of the PE method, but also significantly extends its capabilities in damage quantification, providing new physical insights and broadening its potential applications in related engineering fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"625 ","pages":"Article 119604"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Band gap analysis of the Kresling origami metamaterial with linear mode veering","authors":"Yuqi Wang , Wenpin Chen , Yunlong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mode veering refers to a phenomenon that the mode curves of a coupled systems veer away and diverge when they approach each other, which has been extensively studied in many coupled models. As a famous Longitudinal-Torsional coupled structure, Kresling origami have been used in many fields, such as robotics, functional devices and wave control. However, despite its engineering significance, the underlying mechanism of mode veering in this structure remains inadequately explained-particularly the abrupt changes in modal trajectories caused by intrinsic dynamic constraints between different wave modes. To address this gap, this study first investigates a modified Kresling origami metamaterial via theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, with the aim of elucidating the origin and evolution of mode veering. Our main results reveal that, mode veering arises from the inherent conflict between the relative position inversions of the wave modes and the incompatibility of their respective oscillatory characteristics. This conflict is resolved through the existence of a characteristic frequency of the system that satisfies the pure torsional constraint, whose interaction with the mode curves manifests as mode veering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"625 ","pages":"Article 119566"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145683922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of vehicle-bridge coupling effect on bridge condition assessment methods using the responses of passing vehicles","authors":"Jiafeng Liu, Zhihai Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is well-known that the vehicle-bridge coupling (VBC) model for passing vehicle problems is inherently nonlinear, which precludes the possibility of deriving analytical solutions. Consequently, bridge assessment techniques that rely on the vehicle scanning methodology typically neglect the VBC term. Could this simplification lead to significant errors, especially when the mass of the vehicle is large? Finite element (FE) analysis that incorporates the VBC effect is a viable approach to ascertain the repercussions of disregarding the VBC term. However, extracting profound insights from purely numerical models is challenging. Therefore, an approximate linear model is introduced in this paper to shed light on the underlying mechanisms of this issue. Compared to conventional methods, the proposed model exhibits significantly improved alignment with FE results. To evaluate the impact of the VBC effect on bridge condition assessment, a theoretical model incorporating the VBC term is derived to reconstruct bridge mode shapes and detect damage. Further investigations into mode shape reconstruction reveal that the VBC term affects only the instantaneous amplitude of the n-th mode in the frequency domain, without altering the identified mode shape. In terms of bridge damage detection by using the tap-scan method, the VBC term does not affect the quadratic relationship between the vehicle acceleration and the stiffness change ratio. Therefore, the damage can be reliably detected if the coefficients of the relationship are calibrated using experimental data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"625 ","pages":"Article 119546"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145734769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianqiang Pan , Leyan Yang , Fei Qi , Pengfei Zou , Liangliang Xu , Weikang Jiang
{"title":"Identification of acoustic modes in non-uniform cylindrical ducts with slowly varying diameters","authors":"Jianqiang Pan , Leyan Yang , Fei Qi , Pengfei Zou , Liangliang Xu , Weikang Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Identification of azimuthal and radial modes in non-uniform cylindrical ducts with varying diameters is crucial for investigating noise reduction and combustion instability in aero-engines or gas turbines. However, conventional mode identification techniques face difficulties in establishing the observation matrix coefficients that arise from variations in the duct diameter. To address this issue, a methodology based on the Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin approximation is proposed to accomplish the mode identification and reconstruction of the sound field in the cylindrical duct with varying diameters. It provides the amplitude and phase variation rules of its observation coefficients in the axial direction while preserving the orthogonality of the mode basis functions. The effects of turning points and mode scattering are considered, and guidelines for applying the new method are established. It is verified by simulation using inputs of dominant higher-order radial modes. The results demonstrate a high signal-to-noise ratio while effectively analyzing the impacts of microphone array configuration, cut-on modes selection, and the setting of observation matrix coefficients. Experimental results show that the reconstructed sound field matches the sound field measured by microphones. This validates the effectiveness of the proposed method and highlights its promising potential in engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"625 ","pages":"Article 119599"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145734764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Revealing the acoustic wave behaviour of lithium-ion batteries with a binder-connected poromechanical model","authors":"Wuke Xu, Zhengyu Wei, Fan Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasonic non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has attracted increasing attention, yet the underlying wave propagation in porous, fluid-saturated electrodes remains insufficiently understood for accurate diagnostics. In this work, we develop the Binder-Spring-Biot (BSB) theory as an analytical model for ultrasonic wave propagation in LIB electrodes, a representative multiphase porous medium. By explicitly incorporating binder-mediated particle contacts into a spring–mass framework, the theory addresses the limitations of homogenized approaches such as Biot’s poroelasticity and slurry-based models. It predicts two distinct compressional modes whose velocities are governed by binder stiffness, thereby establishing a mechanistic link between microscale connectivity and measurable acoustic response. The theoretical predictions are rigorously validated through experiments across diverse electrode chemistries and architectures, showing strong agreement with measured wave velocities. Notably, the framework enables the clear experimental observation of the slow compressional wave in porous, fluid-saturated composites—a complex wave phenomenon. Together, these findings establish the BSB theory as a robust acoustics-based foundation for interpreting ultrasonic measurements in LIB electrodes and advance non-destructive methodologies for probing the internal state of batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"625 ","pages":"Article 119612"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145787999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francesco Scarano , Benshuai Lyu , Angelo Paduano , Francesco Avallone
{"title":"Filtering acoustic from hydrodynamic velocity using modal decomposition methods on an acoustic liner under grazing turbulent flow","authors":"Francesco Scarano , Benshuai Lyu , Angelo Paduano , Francesco Avallone","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The separation of acoustic-induced velocity from the turbulent velocity fluctuations is tackled on a numerical database representing a segment of an acoustic liner subjected to a grazing acoustic wave and turbulent flow. This scenario is meaningful due to the challenge of distinguishing sound-induced fluctuations from aerodynamic ones, and it has practical implications on the estimation of the liner’s impedance and sound absorption properties. The separation is performed employing modal decomposition methods: proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD), and canonical correlation decomposition (CCD). The acoustic-induced velocity is reconstructed by selecting a limited number of modes representative of the acoustic-induced flow. All the decomposition methods are influenced by the acoustic-to-hydrodynamic fluctuation ratio, i.e., the relative amplitude of the acoustic waves and turbulent fluctuations. The CCD and SPOD outperform POD when the acoustic amplitude is low compared to the flow turbulence intensity. The acoustic forcing frequency must be known a priori or easily identifiable in the spectrum for SPOD. CCD better captures non-linear effects, e.g., due to the vortex shedding at high sound pressure levels, which are associated with high-order modes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"625 ","pages":"Article 119568"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145683924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SHIVAM UPADHYAY, RANJAN BHATTACHARYYA, ARUN K. SAMANTARAY
{"title":"Sommerfeld effect in a non-ideally excited simply-supported beam by considering full inertia parameters of the stator and rotor of the motor","authors":"SHIVAM UPADHYAY, RANJAN BHATTACHARYYA, ARUN K. SAMANTARAY","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we conduct an analytical and numerical study to investigate the Sommerfeld effect in an internally damped, simply supported beam subjected to unbalance excitation in the transverse direction from a DC motor driven eccentric rotor, where the motor is arbitrarily positioned in the beam span. We study the effect of motor’s position and mass on the natural frequencies, mode shapes, system response, the critical power required to escape resonance capture, and the manifestation of the Sommerfeld effect. We use Hamilton’s principle to derive the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) of the system, which, separately, incorporate the mass and rotary inertia of the stator (including the housing) and the rotor of the motor. We estimate the steady-state dynamics by using the power balance method. The resonance capture and jump phenomena around the modal frequencies are analyzed, considering modal contributions up to the sixth mode. The unstable ranges of motor speed near resonance regions are determined, and transitions through those are analyzed. The effects of internal damping and inertia parameters on the amplitude, motor speed, and the threshold power required to pass through the resonances are investigated. In particular, the importance of inclusion of the stator and housing inertial parameters in the analysis is established. Analytically obtained steady-state results are then validated with transient response obtained through numerical simulations of a multi-energy domain bond graph model of the complete system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"625 ","pages":"Article 119570"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145683919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Piotr Skrzypacz , Grant Ellis , Piotr Putek , Bartosz Pruchnik , Andrzej Dziedzic , Alen Abdildayev , Selim Onaibekov
{"title":"Periodicity and pull-in instability in current-driven magMEMS: a Sturm’s theorem approach","authors":"Piotr Skrzypacz , Grant Ellis , Piotr Putek , Bartosz Pruchnik , Andrzej Dziedzic , Alen Abdildayev , Selim Onaibekov","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reliable operation of magnetic microelectromechanical systems (magMEMS) depends on the pull-in effect, which is triggered when the excitation exceeds a critical threshold value. Accurate prediction of this phenomenon under magnetostatic actuation is vital for a robust MEMS device design. This study leverages Sturm’s theorem to analyze dynamic pull-in magMEMS with current-carrying filaments, where instability typically results from the interaction between the kinetic and potential energy. The proposed method quickly determines, for a given excitation parameter, whether a periodic solution exists or pull-in occurs. Applicable to a broad range of MEMS devices, this approach supports the development of low-voltage, CMOS-compatible magnetic actuators. Findings of analytical approach are confirmed by detailed numerical illustrations. The discrepancy between three approximation methods is analyzed and discussed. The proposed algorithm is implemented in the high-level, high-performance programming language Julia. The appended codes can be easily used by MEMS designers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"625 ","pages":"Article 119560"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Revisiting and rectifying mode derivative concept through an asymptotic treatment, with model reduction and slow-fast approximation","authors":"Tieding Guo , Giuseppe Rega","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper revisits the mode derivative (MD) concept with the aim to bring it into a more consistent footing with other standard nonlinear techniques. Different from classical sensitivity analysis used in the original MD, an asymptotic treatment is proposed to reframe the MD procedure with two distinct types of nonlinear frequency modifications taken <em>separately</em> into account, which leads to a rectified mode derivative (MD) definition, with previous theoretical limitations removed. This is also validated by a rectified application to reduced-order modelling of nonlinear structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"625 ","pages":"Article 119518"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145734703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}