Juanjuan Shi , Jimin Hu , Yang Luo , Yihao Yu , Natalie Baddour , Weiguo Huang , Changqing Shen , Zhongkui Zhu
{"title":"Three-dimensional dynamic modeling and vibration analysis of roller bearings under compound fault excitation","authors":"Juanjuan Shi , Jimin Hu , Yang Luo , Yihao Yu , Natalie Baddour , Weiguo Huang , Changqing Shen , Zhongkui Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dynamic modeling is widely used in bearing fault diagnosis. Bearings with compound fault produce more complex vibration characteristics, making fault characteristic extraction more difficult. Current studies on dynamic characteristics with bearing compound fault are insufficient, and characteristic analysis for bearing physical variables is not fully investigated. Therefore, a novel three-dimensional dynamic model with bearing compound faults is established. Quaternionic attitude algorithm is introduced to characterize the rotational attitude of bearing inner raceway and the balls in three dimensions. Meanwhile, in order to accurately portray the bearing physical variables, the proposed model considers multiple rigid body degrees of freedom, dynamic circular motion, mixed elastic lubrication of the bearings, and dynamic changes in the position and speed of the contact points between the balls and the raceway. The proposed model is validated by experiments. The effect of compound fault on the bearing physical variables (quantities) characteristics is investigated. The changing trend of bearing physical variables under different fault length and drive motor rotational speeds is explored. The conclusions of this work would be helpful to explain and analyze the dynamic characteristics of roller bearings with compound faults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"613 ","pages":"Article 119188"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coefficient of restitution for an elastic rod in a viscous medium","authors":"Feifei Wang, Scott W. Hansen","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A damped wave equation is used to model the motion of an elastic rod in a viscous medium that bounces off a fixed foundation with a given initial velocity under the influence of gravity. An explicit solution formula is derived and the time of contact with the foundation is determined in terms of the initial velocity, damping coefficient and gravitational constant. Explicit expressions are obtained for the motion of the center of mass for the duration of the impact. From this information, the internal vibrational energy present at the end of the contact time is obtained. A corresponding definition of an energy-based coefficient of restitution is proposed and analyzed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"613 ","pages":"Article 119151"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extracting sub-pixel displacement measurements using visual vibrometry methods for non-destructive evaluation","authors":"Lucy Dougill, Anthony J. Croxford, Paul D. Wilcox","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vibration-based methods are crucial for Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE), with non-contact techniques valued for their adaptability to various materials and structures. This paper presents a cost-effective approach to vibrational analysis using off-the-shelf cameras to capture videos of forcibly excited structures. The method combines forced excitation with phase-based optical flow to extract sub-pixel displacements, eliminating the need for motion magnification. Forced excitation facilitates temporal Fourier analysis, optimising sub-pixel displacement extraction, enhancing sensitivity, and improving efficiency. In contrast to traditional methods that require high-frame rate cameras and extensive computational resources, this system operates effectively with a low-frame rate camera, making it well-suited for NDE applications in industrial settings. Visual vibrometry works on the principle that damage alters a structure’s vibrational response, using changes in pixel values as motion sensors for sub-pixel measurements. Forced excitation amplifies sensitivity by actively probing structures, aiding in early-stage damage detection. A case study of a cantilever structure demonstrated the system’s ability to resolve displacements as small as <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>65</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> (1/200th of a pixel). Comparative analysis of defective and pristine cantilever samples revealed subtle differences in mode shapes, with the optimisation curve-fit method successfully identifying defects and showing promise for defect localisation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"614 ","pages":"Article 119136"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zelong Lin , Haiqin Li , Ang Li , Zhiyong Zhang , Xianren Kong , Qian Ding
{"title":"Dynamic analysis of single-sided vibro-impact nonlinear energy sinks via forced response curves and application to vibration mitigation","authors":"Zelong Lin , Haiqin Li , Ang Li , Zhiyong Zhang , Xianren Kong , Qian Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The frequency response mechanisms of the single-sided vibro-impact nonlinear energy sink (SSVI-NES) are comprehensively investigated focusing on the application of passive vibration control. Nonlinear energy sink (NES) refers to a broadband vibration damping technique that was developed based on the targeted energy transfer (TET) of nonlinear systems. The SSVI-NES, which achieves the TET by means of asymmetric single-sided vibro-impacts, can offer improved TET with a faster time scale and enhanced robustness with respect to forcing conditions when compared to other types of NESs that are constructed with smooth nonlinearities. However, the resonance mechanisms and frequency response characteristics of such SSVI-NES, despite special significance in vibration damping analysis, remain an open question due to the difficulties associated with non-smooth terms. In this paper, for the first time, by proposing an alternative frequency–time harmonic balance technique into the Hunt and Crossley vibro-impact model, the forced response curves (FRCs) of such SSVI-NES is calculated, allowing one to uncover the dynamical mechanism of the SSVI-NES and its vibration-damping performance with physical in-depth. Thanks to the FRCs, the resonance mechanisms as well as the bifurcation conditions of the SSVI-NES are then comprehensively investigated with a specific focus paid to the parametric evaluation effects of the forcing amplitude, the stiffness, and the impact loss, revealing the rich response regimes of the SSVI-NES.As a result, a set of easy-to-use design criteria for SSVI-NES is finally obtained to realize vibration suppression over a wider range of forcing amplitudes and frequencies for subsequent generalization to complex structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 119150"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Harry A. Simpson , Eleni N. Chatzi , Manolis N. Chatzis
{"title":"A sub-structuring approach to overcome model limitations for input-state estimation of offshore wind turbines","authors":"Harry A. Simpson , Eleni N. Chatzi , Manolis N. Chatzis","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Augmented Kalman Filter (AKF) has been applied previously for input-state estimation of offshore wind turbines (OWT). However, the accuracy of the estimated results depend on the chosen model, for which various complexities exist, making this a challenging task. Two of which are the lack of information required to model the Rotor-Nacelle Assembly (RNA), and the high uncertainty associated with the soil–structure-interaction (SSI). Therefore, the primary focus of this work is to avoid these limitations by considering a suitable substructure which eliminates the need to model the RNA and the SSI, thus significantly reducing uncertainties. The substructure is obtained by ‘cutting’ the OWT at the top of the tower and at the ground level. To define the model, the resulting substructure then only requires geometries and material properties for the monopile and tower; information which is often known with greater certainty. A numerical case study is presented to investigate the accuracy of the proposed approach for input-state estimation of a 15 MW OWT. A series of commonly used setups involving accelerometers and inclinometers are used and the effects on the predicted fatigue life of the structure are discussed. Additionally, a simple approximation of the wave loading is considered to estimate and account for its contribution to the dynamics of the substructure. The proposed approach is shown to be an effective solution for input-state estimation of OWTs when the RNA or SSI are unknown or associated with significant uncertainty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 119153"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143923215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of moment-related seal coefficients and system configuration on the stability","authors":"Gyan Setu, Ashish K. Darpe, B. Premachandran","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The stability of rotor-bearing-seal (RBS) systems is critical for the safe and efficient operation of turbomachinery. This paper evaluates all the dynamic coefficients of the annular seal due to the cylindrical whirl motion of the rotor using the transient CFD method. The numerical findings are compared with past experimental results for different static eccentricity ratios and rotational speeds, demonstrating a strong consistency with the experimental data. The moment-related dynamic coefficients are evaluated for the static eccentricity ratio up to 0.8 and rotational speed up to 410 Hz, a significant parameter in evaluating onset speed on instability in the system, which has not been attempted in the past. Incorporating moment-related dynamic coefficients improves stability margins by up to 18.4 %, depending on system configuration, including seal position, shaft length, and bearing stiffness. This study highlights the limitations of traditional stability parameters such as effective damping and whirl frequency ratio. It emphasizes the integration of CFD-evaluated seal dynamic coefficients with finite element analysis as an essential design activity for accurately predicting instability onset and developing robust, high-speed rotor systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"613 ","pages":"Article 119183"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shiqiao Tian , Kai Zhou , Yanzhao Liang , Huailong Shi , Lai Wei , Wenlin Shen , Jing Zeng , Kaiyun Wang
{"title":"Shimmy mechanics and nonlinear vibration characteristics of monorail vehicle","authors":"Shiqiao Tian , Kai Zhou , Yanzhao Liang , Huailong Shi , Lai Wei , Wenlin Shen , Jing Zeng , Kaiyun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the nonlinear vibration characteristics of a monorail vehicle equipped with tires. A 3-degree-of-freedom dynamic model of the monorail vehicle's bogie was first established. Numerical simulations identified a limit cycle in the system, manifesting as shimmy vibration in the bogie's yaw, coupled with roll motion. The trajectory equations of the limit cycle were derived, and its occurrence conditions and system equilibrium points were analyzed. The influence of key bogie parameters on the limit cycle was also examined to offer design guidance for its suppression. Additionally, the nonlinear vibration characteristics of the bogie, considering clearances between the guide wheel, stabilizing wheel, and track, revealed the presence of two limit cycles along with quasi-periodic and chaotic vibrations under boundary disturbances. Finally, it was shown that increasing yaw damping by increasing the longitudinal span of secondary lateral damper of bogie effectively suppresses self-excited vibrations and improves ride quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"614 ","pages":"Article 119158"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Liquid motion in cylindrical containers with elastic covers under external excitation","authors":"K. Ren , G.X. Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coupled motion of liquid with an elastic plate or membrane cover in a cylindrical container under external excitation is investigated. Unlike self-oscillation problem at a natural frequency, the problem is fully transient, and it is first converted from the time domain to the <em>s</em>-domain through the Laplace transform. For each given <em>s</em>, velocity potential for the fluid flow and cover deflection are obtained through the Bessel-Fourier series. The solution in the time domain is then obtained through the inverse Laplace transform with respect to <em>s</em>. When doing so analytically, it is necessary to find singularities of the integrand in the entire complex plane <em>s</em>. It is shown that these singularities are only on the imaginary axis, corresponding precisely to the natural frequencies of the system and the excitation frequencies. This allows that the final solution to be obtained explicitly, which gives insight how the motion behaves. Extensive results are presented for the time history of the cover deflection and the energy components under various external excitation, including tank motion and external pressure on the cover. The frequency components of the solutions are analysed both at resonance and off-resonance. The energy transfer into the system from external forcings and its redistribution during vibration within the system are analysed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"614 ","pages":"Article 119156"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bowen Tian , Tsuyoshi Inoue , Li Fan , Akira Heya , Hidetoshi Takeuchi
{"title":"HB-AFT analysis of geometrically exact beams considering nodal rotational inertia and gyroscopic force","authors":"Bowen Tian , Tsuyoshi Inoue , Li Fan , Akira Heya , Hidetoshi Takeuchi","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a modified HB-AFT method applying quaternion-based geometrically exact beam (GEB) systems is proposed, considering both rotational inertia and gyroscopic terms to ensure calculation accuracy. The partial derivatives of the inertial, internal, external, and constraint forces with respect to the quaternion-based state variable are derived. It is difficult to transform the equations of motion of GEB systems into the <strong><em>M</em>, <em>C</em>, <em>K</em></strong> forms, which are typically necessary for the traditional HB-AFT method. This study uses a method to expand the residual of the equations of motion of the entire GEB system and demonstrates that it smoothly performs dynamic analysis of cantilever beam structures. The accuracy of the proposed method is verified through comparison with direct simulation and the commercial software SIMPACK. The frequency responses indicate that the rotational inertia and gyroscopic terms have a considerable effect under specific conditions, such as a high frequency of external loads, and large rotational inertia. Furthermore, for cantilever beam structures, this study indicates that rotational inertia plays a major role in dynamic characteristics compared with gyroscopic effect, and the computational efficiency of HB-AFT is 8.4–13.8 times higher than that of direct simulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"613 ","pages":"Article 119162"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vibration analysis and fault diagnosis of thin-walled bearing in harmonic reducer under periodic loading","authors":"Huibin Lin, Qi Yu, Guolin He","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thin-walled bearings, core transmission components of harmonic reducers, are prone to failure under alternating loads. This study experimentally investigates the relative rotation between the thin-walled bearing’s outer ring and the flexspline under periodic loads and analyzes its impact on the fault characteristic frequency. It also examines the vibration characteristics of thin-walled bearings in harmonic reducers under different health conditions, revealing that these characteristics are influenced by the outer ring’s relative rotation and differ significantly from those of ordinary bearings. In cases of local faults in the inner and outer ring of the thin-walled bearing, the fault characteristic frequency experiences complex modulation involving multiple frequencies. Moreover, the outer ring’s rotation induces noticeable frequency fluctuations in both the fault characteristic frequency and its modulation frequencies. Results from the harmonic reducer’s fatigue life experiments show that the conclusions of this study can be applied to fault diagnosis in harmonic reducers. This research offers valuable technical insights into exploring fault mechanisms and developing fault diagnosis methods for harmonic reducers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"614 ","pages":"Article 119174"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}