Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines最新文献

{"title":"On west African roads: everyday mobility and exchanges between Mauritania, Senegal and Mali","authors":"Armelle Choplin, J. Lombard","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2014.936696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2014.936696","url":null,"abstract":"This paper sheds light on everyday mobility and exchange between Mauritania, Mali and Senegal. Far beyond the “pirogues episode” and sensationalist cases, our micro approach is useful for understanding social mutations, embedded networks and scales, the multiple figures of circulating people and the importance of transportation. Based on empirical and multi-situated fieldwork in the three countries, this research inquires into the reality of circulation, with its supposed fluidity and its frequent standstills. We will see that increasing controls, linked to security and migratory European issues, hinder these ordinary movements and exchanges. The Mali-Mauritania-Senegal space shows that mobility is more intense and complex than expected. It is impossible to reduce mobility in Africa to one-way flows with no logic other than fleeing from extreme poverty.","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130806884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Governing cotton: globalization and poverty in Africa","authors":"D. Hornsby","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2014.939437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2014.939437","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"395 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123538409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nomadism and mobility in the Sahara-Sahel: introduction","authors":"E. Boesen, Laurence Marfaing, M. de Bruijn","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2014.935101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2014.935101","url":null,"abstract":"The articles compiled in this issue are based on contributions to the workshop “Nomades et migrants dans l’espace Sahara-Sahel: Mobilité, ressources et développement”, held in Bamako, January 2011. The aim of the workshop was to foster an interdisciplinary debate about systems of mobility and resource utilisation, and about their recent transformations in the Sahara-Sahel region. This region seems particularly well suited for considering these issues and the related questions of local development and regional integration. The present compilation of articles is informed by the question of what empirical studies of different types of “movement” in this particular geographical area can contribute to the on-going and lively discussion on “mobility” in various academic fields.","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121949801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sure Road? Nationalisms in Angola, Guinea-Bissau and Mozambique","authors":"R. Nathan","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2014.936697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2014.936697","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126582403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tubali's trip: Rethinking informality in the study of West African labour migrations","authors":"Benedetta Rossi","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2014.918323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2014.918323","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the work and travels of Tubali, a Hausa-speaking migrant from the region of Tahoua in the Republic of Niger. In a journey that lasted four years and took him across Niger, Nigeria, Cameroun, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon and the Republic of the Congo, Tubali operated in contexts usually characterised as “informal”: he travelled without documents or work permits, and was supported by institutions that elude state control and yet grant access to financial resources, travel support and employment opportunities to travellers unable or unwilling to follow official avenues. These migrants rely on the operation of relationships that, in Tubali's case, are mostly impromptu, formed on the basis of shared ethnicity, religion and region of origin. This article interprets Tubali's trip in relation to the meanings attributed to this way of working and travelling in Tahoua's society. It investigates the conceptual and political consequences of characterising these migrants' practices as “informal” and discusses analytical alternatives.","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134017618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobility in the Hausa language","authors":"Joseph A. Mcintyre","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2014.922274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2014.922274","url":null,"abstract":"This article looks at how mobility is expressed in the Hausa language. The Hausa are a sedentary people in West Africa but mobility nonetheless still has an important place in their culture. The article begins with a description of figurative terms, whereby it is argued that such terms show how a sedentary culture regards various kinds of mobility. Following this, two regular forms of the Hausa verb are described that indicate direction to or from the speaker; this part is completed by a historical description of the verbs “come”, “go” and so on in Hausa and related languages, indicating that the latter or their “ancestors” may not have explicitly shown direction in the distant past. The question is raised as to whether, in the past, other verbs (for instance, verbs relating to migration) may also not have indicated direction; a possible cultural explanation is suggested. The final part of the article starts with a description of Hausa-speaking migrants in Hamburg and looks at various words used to refer to mobility, focusing on migration. This section concludes by showing that words and phrases referring to mobility can be literal (or lexical), implicit or figurative.","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131352174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segregation: a global history of divided cities","authors":"T. Scarnecchia","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2014.937096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2014.937096","url":null,"abstract":"the promise of future development rather than shared historical social realities has backfired in the face of conflict and stagnation. Other fascinating issues – including beleaguered white settler nationalism in Angola and the emergence of a unified Ovimbundu ethnicity in the wake of UNITA’s military defeat in 1976 rather than prior to the emergence of the movement in the 1960s – also receive coverage, and will be of interest to scholars working on failed nationalist movements and the invention of tradition. With an edited collection of such broad scope there are bound to be weaknesses arising from the challenges of multiple authorship. Some essays present arguments that are more provocative and far clearer than others. A few lack accessible structures and end abruptly without conclusion. The introductory chapter is at times vague and laden with jargon, and its call to “restore diversity, complexity and uncertainty” (xxii) is commendable but something of an historian’s cliché at this point in time; happily, however, the concluding remarks do a fine job of summarising the collection’s main contributions. Several chapters contain typographical errors, and overall the volume could benefit from more attentive copyediting. On the other hand, a number of these errors result from authors writing in a second language, and the benefits of this international perspective far outweigh any typographical inconveniences. On the whole, Sure Road is an important collection that heralds a turn toward postcolonial political history within the community of Africanist historians. This is a welcome and necessary development, one that is due, as Morier-Genoud notes, to the recent opening of certain archives and to progress in theories of nationalism and in related areas. While its eclecticism, complexity and editorial issues make this volume a challenge for undergraduates and non-specialists, it will be essential reading for those interested in Lusophone African postcolonial politics and, more broadly, socialism in Africa, nationalism in Africa and African developmental politics.","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128671126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quelles mobilités pour quelles ressources?","authors":"Laurence Marfaing","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2014.974902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2014.974902","url":null,"abstract":"In West Africa, where the available natural and financial resources are not always sufficient to support a family for a whole year, mobility has become a strategy for accessing the resources of the region as a whole. Daily life is based on a mixed sedentary and mobile logic which responds to opportunities at greater or lesser distances, for longer or shorter periods of time, and with greater or lesser regularity of movement, and which enables survival or a better livelihood to be secured. Mobility requires mobilisation – of social networks, individual capacities and sociabilities, elements we can also refer to as resources, only this time social resources. This article explores the notion of resources and its connotations to show how populations in the West African Sahelian space seek a balance of survival and livelihood through mobility.","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131393781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mama Africa: Reinventing Blackness in Bahia","authors":"Helena Cantone","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2013.788832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2013.788832","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131886144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"De la constitution d'un territoire à sa division : l'adaptation des Ahl Bârikalla aux évolutions sociopolitiques de l'Ouest saharien (XVIIe–XXIe siècles)","authors":"Benjamin Acloque","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2014.935100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2014.935100","url":null,"abstract":"Born of a politico-military conflict at the end of the seventeenth century in the south west of present-day Mauritania, the Ahl Bârikalla tribal group established itself further north. Their new territory, more arid, drove them into changing their way of life. Having become great camel-herders, they specialised in the digging of wells. The only important religious group in this vast area, they established complex relations with the surrounding warrior groups. The colonial period saw their territory shared between the French and the Spanish but, after the conquest, their travels were little affected. Decolonisation, particularly that of the Spanish Sahara in 1975, and the great drought disrupted both the ecological and the political conditions. The partition of their area by the Moroccan Wall and by urbanisation, which shifted the principal sources of income, seemed to signal the end of nomadism. However, attachment to the desert, which is anchored in discourse and the incessant comings-and-goings, remains the prop of collective identity.","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128751258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}