Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association最新文献_第9页

Tanning Performance of a Novel Chrome-Free Complex Tanning Agent: Penetration and Distribution 一种新型无铬复合鞣剂的鞣性能:渗透与分布

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2021-08-02 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v116i8.4356

Zhen Wang, Ya-nan Wang, Yue Yu, B. Shi

引用次数: 2

Research on Sheepskin Contour Extraction Method Based on Computer Vision Measurement Technology 基于计算机视觉测量技术的羊皮轮廓提取方法研究

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2021-08-02 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v116i8.4355

Hu Lianhua, Xiang Chengyi, Z. Feng

{"title":"Research on Sheepskin Contour Extraction Method Based on Computer Vision Measurement Technology","authors":"Hu Lianhua, Xiang Chengyi, Z. Feng","doi":"10.34314/jalca.v116i8.4355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v116i8.4355","url":null,"abstract":"Manual trimming of sheepskin is intensive labor, and the working environment is full of rotten smells. The tannery is facing increasingly severe recruitment difficulties. This paper uses computer vision technology to study automatic recognition of sheepskin contours, which is the basis for the subsequent automatic trimming of sheepskin. After observing and analyzing the raw sheepskin images collected by an industrial array camera, a method of sheepskin contour extraction based on computer vision measurement technology is proposed in this paper. This method uses the fast Otsu threshold algorithm based on the pixel set to perform binary image segmentation. Combined with morphological processing for edge defect filling and topology analysis of boundary contour tracking algorithm to extract maximum contour information, it has a pixel-level three-dimensional de-noising preprocessing function and can accurately extract the sheepskin contour in the raw sheepskin image. The experimental results show that using the fast Otsu threshold algorithm proposed in this paper for binary segmentation to extract sheepskin contours, the detection rate is nearly 160% faster than the traditional Otsu algorithm, the edge protection is better, the error segmentation is reduced by nearly 3% and it has good anti-noise performance. It can meet the industrial production requirements of subsequent automatic cutting of sheepskin.","PeriodicalId":17201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84358578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Development of Improved Liming Process based on Automated pH Monitoring and Control System 基于pH自动化监测与控制系统的改良石灰化工艺开发

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2021-06-03 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v116i6.4309

N. Vedaraman, K. Srinivas, D. Krishnamoorthy, V. Aparna, V. Anand, A. Raj, M. A. Javid, C. Muralidharan, J. Sundar, K. Iyappan, K. C. Velappan

{"title":"Development of Improved Liming Process based on Automated pH Monitoring and Control System","authors":"N. Vedaraman, K. Srinivas, D. Krishnamoorthy, V. Aparna, V. Anand, A. Raj, M. A. Javid, C. Muralidharan, J. Sundar, K. Iyappan, K. C. Velappan","doi":"10.34314/jalca.v116i6.4309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v116i6.4309","url":null,"abstract":"The control of pH of a process plays an important role in many chemical or biological reactions. The monitoring and control of pH of processes like wastewater treatment, manufacturing food and leather making facilitate to reduce pollution and improve the quality of the final product. The focus of this study is to optimize the usage of lime and recycling of spent liquor through continuous monitoring system of pH to achieve near zero residue from liming operation. But the challenges are nonlinear behaviour of the system and frequent fouling of pH sensors. The system developed monitors the pH values and controls the cycling time and the addition of lime as per the user set profile. The real time data of pH values in the process is logged on to the PC for further analysis. The efficacy of the system developed was validated at lab level and can be easily scaled up for implementation in industries. The results showed that the effluent from leather making can be minimized by adopting automated pH monitoring and control systems.","PeriodicalId":17201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83495117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Production of Carboxymethyl Starches from Oxidized Starches and Determination of Their Tanning Characteristics 氧化淀粉制备羧甲基淀粉及其鞣制特性的测定

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2021-06-03 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v116i6.4311

Cigdem Ozkan, H. Ozgunay

{"title":"Production of Carboxymethyl Starches from Oxidized Starches and Determination of Their Tanning Characteristics","authors":"Cigdem Ozkan, H. Ozgunay","doi":"10.34314/jalca.v116i6.4311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v116i6.4311","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen peroxide and sodium metaperiodate oxidation of starch and their possible utilization in tanning/retanning were examined in our previous studies. In the present part, accordingly with our previous findings, hydrogen peroxide and sodium metaperiodate oxidation products having appropriate molecular weight/size were selected and additionally carboxymethylated. The yields of the processes (carboxymethyl starches) were characterized comprehensively and the effect of carboxymethylation process on structures and tanning abilities were tried to be identified. The characterization results revealed that the carboxymethyl groups were successfully included into the structure and the water solubility of oxidized starches (especially periodate oxidized ones) increased by carboxymethylation process. From the evaluation of the tanning results and considering its properties i.e. gentle tanning effect with less astringency and correspondingly a relatively soft leather handle and smooth grain, it is concluded that dialdehyde carboxymethyl starch (CMS 1:0.7) can be utilized as yet another good alternative sustainable green tanning/retanning agent from starch.","PeriodicalId":17201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72920539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Valorisation of Tannery Waste and Animal By-Product for Acoustics Applications 制革废料和动物副产品声学应用的价值计算

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2021-06-03 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v116i6.4308

Tesfay Gebryergs, C. Sivaranjani, N. Fathima

引用次数: 0

Biochemical and Physical Changes in Goatskin during Bacterial Putrefaction 山羊皮肤在细菌腐烂过程中的生化和物理变化

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2021-06-03 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v116i6.4310

Vimudha Muralidharan, R. Ramesh, B. Madhan, S. Palanivel

{"title":"Biochemical and Physical Changes in Goatskin during Bacterial Putrefaction","authors":"Vimudha Muralidharan, R. Ramesh, B. Madhan, S. Palanivel","doi":"10.34314/jalca.v116i6.4310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v116i6.4310","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of the raw animal skin decides the final quality of leather. Preservation processes of raw animal skins until leather making predominantly uses salting as a popular method owing to the bacteriostatic effect provided by salt. The detrimental impact caused by the usage of salt from the leather processing is well established. This necessitates the quest for developing an economical, efficacious and environment-friendly preservation system. The present work investigates the effects on the physical and chemical characteristics of the animal skin caused by the putrefactive bacteria with respect to time. Physical changes were studied using visual examination, SEM analysis, and histological staining techniques where the structural deterioration was evidently established. Changes in biochemical aspects were studied by observing degradation in proteoglycan levels and collagen from the goat skin taken at various time intervals. Furthermore, the microorganisms that were responsible for the degradation of various skin components were isolated from the skin over the period of 36 hours from flaying. The occurrence of collagen-degrading organisms within 6 hours of initiation of putrefaction and increased number of proteolytic and collagenolytic bacteria at the end of 36-hours observation were indicative of tremendous skin spoilage leading to deteriorated quality of raw material.","PeriodicalId":17201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association","volume":"1552 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72432924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Learning to Recognize Irregular Features on Leather Surfaces 学习识别皮革表面的不规则特征

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v116i5.4291

Masood Aslam, T. Khan, S. Naqvi, Geoff Holmes, Rafea Naffa

引用次数: 3

Effects of a Clean Subcritical Degreasing System on Wool Fibers 清洁亚临界脱脂系统对羊毛纤维的影响

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v116i5.4292

Qiaoping Xia, Y. Wang, Meina Zhang, Zongcai Zhang, H. Dai

{"title":"Effects of a Clean Subcritical Degreasing System on Wool Fibers","authors":"Qiaoping Xia, Y. Wang, Meina Zhang, Zongcai Zhang, H. Dai","doi":"10.34314/jalca.v116i5.4292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v116i5.4292","url":null,"abstract":"It makes sense to use environmentally friendly methods of degreasing in fur-making process. In this study, subcritical n-pentane was used to degrease wool fibers. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to observe and analyze the properties of the subcritical n-pentane degreased wool fibers. The results showed that the thermal stability of the fibers increased. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to analyze the structural changes of macromolecular chains in wool fibers. It was found that when the pressure was higher than 0.4 MPa, the wool fibers underwent a conformational change with the α-helix changing to β-folding. If the pressure was as high as 0.6 MPa, the disulfide bonds in the wool fibers scale layer appeared to break. X-ray powder diffraction experiment was used to study changes in wool fiber aggregation morphology. It was demonstrated that the crystalline zone of wool fibers changed and the fibers index grew, from 22.89% to 30.19%. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and ultra-depth of field microscopy was used to analyze changes in the surface morphology of wool fibers. The results suggested that after the treatment, the wool fibers were not damaged and the impurities on the wool surface were reduced.","PeriodicalId":17201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84568179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oxidized Maltodextrin: A Novel Ligand for Aluminum–Zirconium Complex Tanning 氧化麦芽糊精:铝锆复合鞣剂的新型配体

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v116i5.4293

Xu Guo, Yue Yu, Ya-nan Wang, B. Shi

引用次数: 2

Collagen Fiber Opening of Cattle Hides in Urea/Calcium Hydroxide Solutions 牛皮在尿素/氢氧化钙溶液中的胶原纤维开口

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v116i5.4290

Qian Zhang, Jie Liu, Xiu-Ling Liu, Hui Liu, Yadi Hu, K. Tang

引用次数: 0