Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment最新文献

{"title":"Re-envisioning urban landscapes: lichens, liverworts, and mosses coexist spontaneously with us","authors":"Nicole J Jung,&nbsp;Harold N Eyster,&nbsp;Kai MA Chan","doi":"10.1002/fee.2836","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fee.2836","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Current conceptions of “urban biodiversity” address only particular taxa, ignoring the full richness of species within cities. Despite their exclusion from these conceptions, tree-dwelling lichens, mosses, and liverworts (collectively, “epiphytes”) are recognized as bioindicators of urbanization, but their inherent contributions to biodiversity are largely unrecognized. Here, we report on a survey of epiphytes in the city of Vancouver, Canada. Using Bayesian multilevel models, we asked the following questions: how diverse are epiphytes in this large temperate city, and what urban and host-tree factors determine their distribution? We found 39 macrolichen, 32 moss, and seven liverwort species on Vancouver street trees, establishing them as rich microenvironments influenced by a network of interacting factors previously unaccounted for. Our results challenge the idea that pollution and urban heat islands primarily regulate urban epiphyte diversity; instead, we identify host-tree genus as having strong effects on all epiphytes. Expanding urban biodiversity to include epiphyte diversity recharacterizes urban landscapes as rewilded spaces of interdependent coexistence.</p>","PeriodicalId":171,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","volume":"23 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fee.2836","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recommendations for built marine infrastructure that supports natural habitats","authors":"Avery B Paxton,&nbsp;Sarah E Lester,&nbsp;Carter S Smith,&nbsp;Siddharth Narayan,&nbsp;Christine Angelini,&nbsp;Brendan J Runde,&nbsp;Megan I Saunders,&nbsp;Rachel K Gittman,&nbsp;Jacob Allgeier,&nbsp;Maria L Vozzo,&nbsp;D'amy N Steward,&nbsp;Hayley R Lemoine,&nbsp;Stephanie R Valdez,&nbsp;Rebecca L Morris,&nbsp;Douglas P Nowacek,&nbsp;William Seaman,&nbsp;Patrick N Halpin,&nbsp;Brian R Silliman","doi":"10.1002/fee.2840","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fee.2840","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The extent of built marine infrastructure—from energy infrastructure and ports to artificial reefs and aquaculture—is increasing globally. The rise in built structure coverage is concurrent with losses and degradation of many natural habitats. Although historically associated with net negative impacts on natural systems, built infrastructure—with proper design and innovation—could offer a largely unrealized opportunity to reduce those impacts and support natural habitats. We present nine recommendations that could catalyze momentum toward using built structures to both serve their original function and benefit natural habitats (relative to the status quo, for example). These recommendations integrate functional, economic, and social considerations with marine spatial planning and holistic ecosystem management. As the footprint of the Anthropocene expands into ocean spaces, adopting these nine recommendations at global scales can help to ensure that ecological harm is minimized and that, where feasible, ecological benefits from marine built structures are accrued.</p>","PeriodicalId":171,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","volume":"23 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fee.2840","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological and developmental history impacts the equitable distribution of services","authors":"Lindsay E Darling,&nbsp;Christine R Rollinson,&nbsp;Robert T Fahey,&nbsp;Anita T Morzillo,&nbsp;Lea R Johnson,&nbsp;Matthew Baker,&nbsp;Myla FJ Aronson,&nbsp;Brady S Hardiman","doi":"10.1002/fee.2841","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fee.2841","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The ecological and developmental history of the Chicago, Illinois, region has affected the current distribution of forests therein. These same factors, along with systemic and long-lasting racial segregation, have shaped the distribution of the urban populations that benefit from the ecosystem services provided by urban forests. This study demonstrates that forest patch history is related to forest attributes like tree species composition, tree density, canopy height, and structural heterogeneity—all of which are important predictors of a forest's ability to provide ecosystem services. However, this effect of forest history was only seen in forest cores, as forest edges were similar regardless of patch history. We also found that forests in minoritized communities tended to be less able to support high levels of ecosystem services. This research indicates that, when improving green equity, it is important to consider the variable capacity of forests to provide ecosystem services.</p>","PeriodicalId":171,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","volume":"23 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fee.2841","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professional sport organizations as potential champions of biodiversity conservation","authors":"Ugo Arbieu,&nbsp;Céline Bellard,&nbsp;Corey JA Bradshaw,&nbsp;Ricardo A Correia,&nbsp;Pierre Courtois,&nbsp;Enrico Di Minin,&nbsp;Ivan Jarić,&nbsp;Boris Leroy,&nbsp;Jessica R Murfree,&nbsp;Madeleine Orr,&nbsp;Samuel Roturier,&nbsp;Melanie Sartore-Baldwin,&nbsp;Diogo Veríssimo,&nbsp;Franck Courchamp","doi":"10.1002/fee.2862","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fee.2862","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Biodiversity loss is a global crisis, human-driven species extinction rates are higher than ever before, and these rates are expected to worsen. This calls for new socioeconomic business models that could inspire societal transformations benefitting biodiversity conservation and restoration. The emblems of sport organizations are often articulated around the central figure of a wildlife species. Such species occupy an important part of the cultural space and can therefore serve as important flagship species for conservation through sport, particularly those most threatened with extinction (Courchamp &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;). At the intersection of two hitherto unrelated realms (ie sport and conservation), there are potentially important synergies that are unique to the sport sector among three groups of stakeholders: professional team-sport organizations, fan communities, and biodiversity conservationists (Figure 1).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Despite growing willingness to act in favor of the environment, sport stakeholders lack connections with and support from conservation experts to design evidence-based interventions. Hence, biodiversity conservation is not yet a priority on the sustainability agenda of professional sport organizations. There are win–win strategies for mobilizing sport stakeholders for biodiversity conservation: connecting fans’ enthusiasm for sport, the symbolic attachment to wildlife emblems, and the imperative of biodiversity conservation (Figure 1). These strategies combine three stakes: (i) conservationists need greater support and resources to protect wildlife, (ii) sport fans benefit from a solid connection with their team, and (iii) sport organizations rely on loyal fans and high brand value.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our inability to halt the degradation of biodiversity echoes the low support from the general public, the increasing disconnection between people and nature, and the chronic underfunding and lack of ambition in conservation strategies (Barbier &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;). Animal imagery is a powerful cultural driver of wildlife perceptions, can strengthen connection with nature, and so plays an important role in conservation marketing aimed at raising biodiversity awareness and financial resources. Hence, ubiquitous animal imagery in the sport industry could promote flagship species whose traits (ecological, physiognomic, or cultural) resonate with sport communities, and whose conservation could attract support for broader conservation targets (Veríssimo &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;span&gt;2011&lt;/span&gt;). For instance, the lion (&lt;i&gt;Panthera leo&lt;/i&gt;) is the most frequently used animal emblem across team sports, is highly charismatic, and yet is threatened with extinction (Courchamp &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;), making it a potent flagship species for many ecosystems.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Animals selected to represent strength, courage, or independence were first used as good luck charms for sport fans, and became an integral part of team identities and lega","PeriodicalId":171,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","volume":"23 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fee.2862","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restoration of giant panda habitat requires balancing single- and multi-species benefits","authors":"Biao Yang,&nbsp;Yu Xu,&nbsp;Qiang Dai,&nbsp;Han Pan,&nbsp;Zhisong Yang,&nbsp;Xuyu Yang,&nbsp;Xiaodong Gu,&nbsp;Jianghong Ran,&nbsp;Zejun Zhang","doi":"10.1002/fee.2844","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fee.2844","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Efforts to restore habitat for wildlife often target single species, with limited consideration of the potential benefits provided to sympatric species. On the basis of range-wide data from the Fourth National Giant Panda Survey and infrared camera trapping, we used species distribution models to project the outcomes of five habitat restoration scenarios—designed to benefit giant pandas (<i>Ailuropoda melanoleuca</i>)—for giant pandas as well as for sympatric birds and mammals. Scenario outcomes, particularly those involving the conversion of plantation forests and shrublands into suitable forests, demonstrated a significant enhancement in giant panda habitat suitability, but with contrasting effects for sympatric species. Moreover, while restoration of giant panda habitat may enhance species richness and functional diversity, especially when shrublands are converted into forests, such action could also reduce phylogenetic diversity. Our findings suggest that single-species habitat restoration may have negative outcomes for sympatric species, highlighting the need to consider trade-offs between focal and non-focal taxa.</p>","PeriodicalId":171,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","volume":"23 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intentional and unintentional changes to avian and mammalian diversities in the UK","authors":"Wenyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Kevin J Gaston,&nbsp;Ben C Sheldon,&nbsp;Richard Grenyer","doi":"10.1002/fee.2842","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fee.2842","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rewilding is emerging as a promising restoration strategy to tackle the challenges posed by global change and maintain natural ecosystems and their biodiversity. However, rewilding has also been criticized for the absence of a consistent definition and insufficient knowledge about its possible outcomes. Here, we explored the effects of rewilding on filling functional gaps created by the extirpation of native species. We contrasted rewilding with three other mechanisms for change in community composition—species extirpation, species introduction, and unassisted colonization—in terms of their impacts on changes in avian and mammalian diversity in the UK. We found that (i) while rewilding increases functional diversity most on average, introduced/naturalized birds contribute more functional uniqueness to native functional space than other groups of birds; and (ii) changes in functional diversity associated with “rewilded” organisms were species-dependent and idiosyncratic. Our results suggest that although rewilding can expand or infill native functional trait space to some extent, such effects require careful assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":171,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","volume":"23 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fee.2842","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protecting threatened species and music traditions","authors":"Silke Lichtenberg,&nbsp;Udo Nehren,&nbsp;Dieter Anhuf,&nbsp;Iris Brémaud,&nbsp;Tiago de Oliveira Pinto,&nbsp;Viviane S Fonseca-Kruel,&nbsp;Volker Haag,&nbsp;Elisabeth Huber-Sannwald,&nbsp;Stefan Jänicke,&nbsp;Gerald Koch,&nbsp;Jakob Kusnick,&nbsp;Haroldo C Lima,&nbsp;Eduardo Luiz Longui,&nbsp;Daniel Piotto,&nbsp;Juan Antonio Reyes-Agüero,&nbsp;Patrícia Rosa","doi":"10.1002/fee.2837","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fee.2837","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Musical instruments are indispensable to music traditions worldwide and often made from natural materials derived from species that are increasingly endangered. International trade threatens the survival of some of these species, as addressed by their inclusion in the UN Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). However, CITES regulations can substantially impact music traditions and alone are insufficient to preserve trade-relevant species from extinction, such as the pau-brasil (<i>Paubrasilia echinata</i>), which is used for the bows of stringed instruments. Therefore, new CITES listings of species or species products used in the manufacture of musical instruments, or potential future shifts of CITES-listed species to the strictest category, will require anticipation, preparation, and precautionary actions. In international species trade negotiations, it is crucial to target the protection of species and music traditions beyond trade regulations. We propose novel social–ecological pathways to address these challenges and reconcile conflicting stakeholder interests between species conservation and cultural conservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":171,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","volume":"23 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fee.2837","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing ecosystem damage from extreme events","authors":"Virginia H Dale,&nbsp;Steven P Norman,&nbsp;Rebecca A Efroymson","doi":"10.1002/fee.2855","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fee.2855","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Large disturbances to ecosystems can severely impact the stability of a region's natural resources, habitats, and outdoor recreation. Because extreme events can be large and relatively infrequent, they test institutional capacity to support recovery and restoration. When hurricanes and other large-scale disturbances like wildfires occur, much of the impacted landscape receives little to no active management. Ecosystems are often allowed to either recover or transition without much direct intervention, and successional dynamics are sometimes altered by novel invasive species, management history, or other environmental changes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Recovery and restoration are especially challenging for landscapes with highly fragmented private ownership, such as the forests of the eastern US. Acting alone, non-industrial private forest landowners have little capacity to effectively respond to unexpected forest loss and to oversee forest recovery, as the scale of actions needed after extreme events may require cooperation across ownerships or jurisdictions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In September 2024, Hurricane Helene exposed these underlying vulnerabilities of southern Appalachian forests. In western North Carolina alone, about 196,000 hectares of forest received major damage from Hurricane Helene, with most impacts occurring on private lands and in unusually large blowdown patches with no known regional precedent. Not since the widespread forest loss of the late 19th and early 20th centuries due to extensive logging and the American chestnut blight have so few trees covered the region's slopes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This enormous damage to southern Appalachian forests raises concerns about loss of wildlife habitat, increased wildfire risks due to the abundance of fuel, reduced water quality from erosion and sedimentation, and spread of invasive species. Damaged forests are likely to reestablish as novel ecosystems composed of new species assemblages with a suite of interactions and processes that differ from prior conditions. On public and private lands, the duration of forest recovery will take decades or more and will be highly dependent on management choices and market incentives.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Since Hurricane Helene, disaster relief crews continue to work hard to remove fallen trees and debris near structures, roads, trails, and recreation areas as time and funds are available. However, removing downed and damaged wood is more costly and dangerous than typical forest harvesting. Piles of downed, unused wood may be burned, but combustion releases smoke and carbon into the atmosphere. Historically, debris burning and arson are the region's primary sources of wildfire ignitions, and it is hard to control burns when so many of the surrounding forests have high flammability.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A major dilemma is what to do with all this downed wood and debris from Hurricane Helene and how to pay for its removal. There is ongoing timber demand for large intact boles, at least where they can be accessed, but demand i","PeriodicalId":171,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","volume":"23 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fee.2855","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating climate change, biological invasions, and infectious wildlife diseases","authors":"David W Thieltges,&nbsp;David Bruce Conn,&nbsp;Ross N Cuthbert,&nbsp;Alison M Dunn,&nbsp;E Rosa Jolma,&nbsp;M Camille Hopkins,&nbsp;Volodimir Sarabeev,&nbsp;Sander Smolders,&nbsp;Carol A Stepien,&nbsp;K Mathias Wegner,&nbsp;Patrick M Kočovský","doi":"10.1002/fee.2849","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fee.2849","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Climate change is likely to affect infectious diseases that are facilitated by biological invasions, with repercussions for wildlife conservation and zoonotic risks. Current invasion management and policy are underprepared for the future risks associated with such invasion-related wildlife diseases. By considering evidence from bioclimatology, invasion biology, and disease research, we illustrate how climate change is anticipated to affect disease agents (parasites and pathogens), hosts, and vectors across the different stages of invasions. We highlight the opportunity to integrate these disciplines to identify the effects of climate change on invasion-related wildlife diseases. In addition, shifting to a proactive stance in implementing management and policy, such as by incorporating climate-change effects either into preventative and mitigation measures for biosecurity or with rapid response protocols to limit disease spread and impacts, could help to combat future ecological, economic, and human health risks stemming from invasion-related wildlife diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":171,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","volume":"23 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fee.2849","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional adaptation of integrated pest management to control invasive forest insects","authors":"Michael Stastny,&nbsp;Juan C Corley,&nbsp;Jeremy D Allison","doi":"10.1002/fee.2829","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fee.2829","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Globalization is increasing the threat of invasive forest insects to ecosystems. Control efforts against the same pest species progressively occur across distant jurisdictions as integrated pest management (IPM) programs or tactics developed in one region are adopted by another region. This knowledge exchange accelerates responses and collaboration; however, transplanted IPM programs can overlook preexisting or emerging differences between regions, which may explain their varying success. These differences include biological variation in the pest system, environmental conditions, issues of scale and capacity of the response, regulatory environment, and cultural context. We examine the role of these factors in the adoption and outcomes of IPM programs, drawing from case studies and an online survey of forestry IPM experts. To facilitate regional adaptation of IPM programs during their adoption and implementation in new regions, we propose an evaluation framework and recommend approaches to not only reduce risks but also maximize uptake, efficacy, and resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":171,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","volume":"23 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fee.2829","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}