Journal of the Acoustical Society of America最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Acoustic demonstration of virtual impedance matching by transiently echoless complex frequency waves. 瞬态无回声复频率波虚拟阻抗匹配的声学论证。
IF 2.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1121/10.0036495
Curtis Rasmussen, Eetu Kohtanen, Jacob Lewton, Alper Erturk, Massimo Ruzzene
{"title":"Acoustic demonstration of virtual impedance matching by transiently echoless complex frequency waves.","authors":"Curtis Rasmussen, Eetu Kohtanen, Jacob Lewton, Alper Erturk, Massimo Ruzzene","doi":"10.1121/10.0036495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0036495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ability of a wave to pass through a material boundary can be improved by adding a tuned middle layer, known as an impedance-matching layer. However, in many situations, it is unfeasible to modify the physical system itself. This paper demonstrates that virtual impedance matching without added tuned layers is possible by allowing the frequencies of incident waves to take on complex values. The resulting tailored waveforms directly excite the zeros of the reflection coefficient and lead to complex generalizations of Fabry-Pérot resonances and quarter-wavelength matching. This is demonstrated experimentally whereby the reflection coefficient for an ultrasound beam incident on a bi-layer plate immersed in water is reduced by more than an order of magnitude. While the technique is naturally limited in temporal duration due to the quasi-steady state nature of the signals, it provides an alternative approach to traditional impedance matching by eliminating the need for extra tuned layers and may prove useful in applications where reduction of reflections is desired without modifying the system itself.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 4","pages":"2868-2876"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144023752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sound speed profile inversion based on distributed networked underwater sensors system and graph attention networks. 基于分布式网络水下传感器系统和图注意网络的声速剖面反演。
IF 2.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1121/10.0036355
Longhao Wu, Churui Song, Qiang Tu, Zhaozhi Wu, Jianghong Shi, Fei Yuan
{"title":"Sound speed profile inversion based on distributed networked underwater sensors system and graph attention networks.","authors":"Longhao Wu, Churui Song, Qiang Tu, Zhaozhi Wu, Jianghong Shi, Fei Yuan","doi":"10.1121/10.0036355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0036355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Variations in the sound speed profile (SSP) cause sound ray bending, which affects the accuracy of underwater communication and localization. Ocean acoustic tomography (OAT) is a convenient method for estimating the SSP. However, traditional SSP inversion methods based on OAT are often limited by the use of linear arrays and challenging to expand to distributed networks. To address this problem, a SSP inversion scheme within distributed networked underwater sensors (DNUS) systems is proposed. The scheme combines multimodal inputs, such as the time difference of arrival, the angle of arrival, node positions, and boundary sound speed, into a sensing matrix as input features. The graph attention network model is used to establish the mapping relationship between these features and the SSP, enabling SSP inversion under DNUS. Through numerical simulations and a shallow-water validation experiment, this study validates the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed inversion method.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 4","pages":"2956-2981"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhancing single-element compressive ultrasound imaging through novel random aperture masking and data mixing strategy. 采用新型随机孔径掩蔽和数据混合策略增强单单元压缩超声成像。
IF 2.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1121/10.0036438
Pezhman Pasyar, Zahra Montazeriani, Ehsan Roodgar Amoli, Bahador Makkiabadi
{"title":"Enhancing single-element compressive ultrasound imaging through novel random aperture masking and data mixing strategy.","authors":"Pezhman Pasyar, Zahra Montazeriani, Ehsan Roodgar Amoli, Bahador Makkiabadi","doi":"10.1121/10.0036438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0036438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As ultrasound techniques continue to evolve, the integration of compressed sensing technology has emerged as a pivotal advancement, offering a transformative impact on the landscape of ultrasound imaging. A key attribute of compressed sensing lies in its ability to facilitate a substantial reduction in both machinery size and power consumption. This technological synergy not only addresses crucial practical considerations in the design of ultrasound systems but also opens avenues for enhanced portability and energy efficiency. This study develops a model and introduces an aperture mask with a mixing scheme for compressive ultrasound imaging employing a single transducer, aiming to minimize the loss of information and scrutinize the variables influencing image quality while facilitating computationally efficient system simulation. A detailed procedural guide is presented for generating synthetic data, accompanied by qualitative and quantitative analyses using several sparse recovery methods under different experimental conditions. This study's analysis reveals that the proposed strategy achieves improved metrics, offering advantages for sparse recovery. Specifically, the finite element results demonstrate approximately a 10% improvement in the condition number of the measurement matrix, reflecting enhanced numerical stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 4","pages":"2994-3002"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Production and perception of volitional laughter across social contexts. 社会背景下自发性笑的产生和感知。
IF 2.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1121/10.0036388
Virgile Daunay, David Reby, Gregory A Bryant, Katarzyna Pisanski
{"title":"Production and perception of volitional laughter across social contexts.","authors":"Virgile Daunay, David Reby, Gregory A Bryant, Katarzyna Pisanski","doi":"10.1121/10.0036388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0036388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human nonverbal vocalizations such as laughter communicate emotion, motivation, and intent during social interactions. While differences between spontaneous and volitional laughs have been described, little is known about the communicative functions of volitional (voluntary) laughter-a complex signal used across diverse social contexts. Here, we examined whether the acoustic structure of volitional laughter encodes social contextual information recognizable by humans and computers. We asked men and women to produce volitional laughs in eight distinct social contexts ranging from positive (e.g., watching a comedy) to negative valence (e.g., embarrassment). Human listeners and machine classification algorithms accurately identified most laughter contexts above chance. However, confusion often arose within valence categories, and could be largely explained by shared acoustics. Although some acoustic features varied across social contexts, including fundamental frequency (perceived as voice pitch) and energy parameters (entropy variance, loudness, spectral centroid, and cepstral peak prominence), which also predicted listeners' recognition of laughter contexts, laughs evoked across different social contexts still often overlapped in acoustic and perceptual space. Thus, we show that volitional laughter can convey some reliable information about social context, but much of this is tied to valence, suggesting that volitional laughter is a graded rather than discrete vocal signal.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 4","pages":"2774-2789"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of monodisperse microbubble size on contrast-enhanced ultrasound super-localization imaging. 单分散微泡大小对超声造影超定位成像的影响。
IF 2.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1121/10.0036371
Peiran Chen, Andreas M A O Pollet, Simona Turco, Miguel de Vargas, Lisa Te Winkel, Wim van Hoeve, Jaap M J den Toonder, Hessel Wijkstra, Massimo Mischi
{"title":"The impact of monodisperse microbubble size on contrast-enhanced ultrasound super-localization imaging.","authors":"Peiran Chen, Andreas M A O Pollet, Simona Turco, Miguel de Vargas, Lisa Te Winkel, Wim van Hoeve, Jaap M J den Toonder, Hessel Wijkstra, Massimo Mischi","doi":"10.1121/10.0036371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0036371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) super-localization imaging has shown promise for the assessment of microvascular networks by localizing and tracking microbubbles. The size of the available microbubbles for clinical use is polydisperse, but size-tailorable monodisperse microbubbles are now being developed that present a narrow size distribution. Therefore, proper frequency and pressure tuning have the potential to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of CEUS acquisitions, which can be expected to increase the performance of CEUS super-localization imaging. In this work, the impact of monodisperse microbubble size on CEUS imaging quality and the efficacy of super-localization imaging was investigated by jointly tuning different frequencies and pressures for different monodisperse microbubble size when performing in vitro CEUS imaging of microbubbles flowing through a dedicated sugar-printed dual-bifurcation microvasculature phantom. The obtained CEUS acquisitions were then post-processed to generate a super-localization output using the Gaussian-centroid localization approach. Four metrics, including generalized contrast-to-noise ratio, full-width half-maximum, number of localization events, and localization F1-score, were employed to quantify the CEUS imaging quality and super-localization performance. In general, jointly optimizing the transmit frequency and pressure for monodisperse microbubbles with smaller size leads to improved CEUS imaging and better super-localization performance. Yet, the weaker backscatter of smaller microbubbles must also be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 4","pages":"2687-2696"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Speech rate effects on the realisation of multiple acoustic cues to the Japanese stop voicing contrast. 语音速率对实现日语停止发声对比的多重声学线索的影响。
IF 2.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1121/10.0036393
James Tanner, Yosuke Igarashi, Kikuo Maekawa
{"title":"Speech rate effects on the realisation of multiple acoustic cues to the Japanese stop voicing contrast.","authors":"James Tanner, Yosuke Igarashi, Kikuo Maekawa","doi":"10.1121/10.0036393","DOIUrl":"10.1121/10.0036393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The production of speech at different tempos has consequences for the articulation and perception of linguistic contrasts. For example, in fast speech, segments are often temporally constricted and subject to articulatory undershoot. Although listeners can compensate for rate differences in perceiving phonological contrasts, less is known about how the structure of multiple cues to a contrast is conditioned by changes in speech rate. This study explores how speech rate modulates seven temporal and nontemporal spectral cues to the Japanese stop voicing contrast in spontaneous speech. It is observed that individual cues are subject to variation as a function of speech rate, where all cues undergo reduction or neutralisation in fast speech and the relative importance of each cue changes as a function of speech rate. Ratios between the duration of the stop and surrounding vowels are most informative at slow rates, and the degree of closure voicing is most informative at faster rates. These findings illustrate how the realisation and informativity of multiple cues to a linguistic contrast are conditioned by the articulatory constraints present at different speech rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 4","pages":"2624-2635"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Low frequency tuning of space-folded acoustic metamaterial amplifiers through effective density distribution method. 利用有效密度分布法对空间折叠声学超材料放大器进行低频调谐。
IF 2.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1121/10.0036361
Zedong Ma, Junran Wang, Zhuangzhuang Liao, Xueru Hu, Hongxiao Dong, Yongyao Chen
{"title":"Low frequency tuning of space-folded acoustic metamaterial amplifiers through effective density distribution method.","authors":"Zedong Ma, Junran Wang, Zhuangzhuang Liao, Xueru Hu, Hongxiao Dong, Yongyao Chen","doi":"10.1121/10.0036361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0036361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Space-folded acoustic metamaterials (SFAMs) have exceptional low frequency sound control capability in deep sub-wavelength scale, showing significant potential for weak acoustic signal detection. However, lowering the working frequencies of SFAMs may increase the device size, limiting their applications and raising production costs. To address these issues, this study proposes compact SFAM acoustic amplifiers operating in low frequencies, where their working frequencies are flexibly controlled by engineering effective density without increasing device size. Further experiments have demonstrated the capability of wide range frequency control of SFAM through engineering its effective density. The experimental results clearly indicate that the low frequency tuning of SFAMs results from controlling SFAMs' channel width gradients, which is associated with the spatial distribution of metamaterial's effective density. Further studies reveal that compared to the gradient density distribution method in SFAMs, the step density distribution method may have superior low frequency control of acoustic waves, which are capable of frequency tuning of SFAM acoustic amplifier over one octave band. This work provides possibilities for the development of low frequency acoustic amplifiers, where the merits include compact size, lightweight, and low cost, which are highly desirable for acoustics sensing and noise control applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 4","pages":"2465-2472"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Acoustic cues to the perception of plosive voicing in Madurese. 马杜洛斯语中爆发性声音感知的声学线索。
IF 2.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1121/10.0036350
Josiane Riverin-Coutlée, Misnadin, James Kirby
{"title":"Acoustic cues to the perception of plosive voicing in Madurese.","authors":"Josiane Riverin-Coutlée, Misnadin, James Kirby","doi":"10.1121/10.0036350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0036350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Madurese, a Malayo-Polynesian language of Indonesia, is described as having a three-way phonation contrast between voiced, voiceless, and aspirated plosives. However, acoustic evidence suggests that the voiceless vs aspirated contrast might be marginal because of small differences in voice onset time (VOT) and large differences in the following vowel height (F1). This raises the question of how these cues are weighted in the perception of the voicing contrast. This paper presents a series of experiments designed to see if Madurese listeners discriminate differences in the positive VOT range, and to what extent they use VOT and F1 to identify plosives. Although listeners were able to discriminate between VOT differences of naturally occurring magnitudes in an AXB task, use of positive VOT when distinguishing voiceless from aspirated plosives in a three alternative forced choices task was highly individually specific, even when F1 was uninformative. Conversely, negative VOT emerged as a more robust cue to the voiced category. These results suggest that the Madurese laryngeal contrast is primarily a two-way contrast signaled through differences in (pre-)voicing but not aspiration. The weak but reliable acoustic covariance between vowel height and aspiration may instead have a diachronic and/or physiological-aerodynamic basis.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 4","pages":"2365-2375"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of skull properties on continuous-wave transcranial focused ultrasound transmission. 颅骨特性对连续波经颅聚焦超声传输的影响。
IF 2.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1121/10.0036344
Han Li, Isla Barnard, Tyler Halliwell, Xinyu Zhang, Andreas Melzer, Zhihong Huang
{"title":"Effects of skull properties on continuous-wave transcranial focused ultrasound transmission.","authors":"Han Li, Isla Barnard, Tyler Halliwell, Xinyu Zhang, Andreas Melzer, Zhihong Huang","doi":"10.1121/10.0036344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0036344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transcranial low-intensity focused ultrasound can deliver energy to the brain in a minimally invasive manner for neuromodulation applications. However, continuous sonication through the skull introduces significant wave interactions, complicating precise energy delivery to the target. This study presents a comprehensive examination of intracranial acoustic fields generated by focused ultrasound transducers and assesses the characteristics of cranial bone that affect acoustic transmission. Acoustic field maps were generated at 88 regions of interest across 10 historical and 2 Thiel-embalmed human skull specimens with sonication at frequencies of 220, 650, and 1000 kHz. The average peak pressure insertion losses for historical skulls were 3.6 ± 3.4, 9.3 ± 3.3, and 14.8 ± 5.8 dB, respectively, and for Thiel skulls, the respective losses were 2.9 ± 1.8, 9.4 ± 2.6, and 17.0 ± 5.5 dB. The effects of skull thickness, skull density ratio, and skull curvature on intracranial peak pressure, power, and focal area were investigated and linear fits produced. Several unfavorable focusing performances were observed in regions with excessive thickness variation. The effects of angulation and spacing between the transducer and the skull were also investigated. Preliminary findings indicate that wave superposition resulting from skull and transducer spacing could lead to a 30%-40% uncertainty in peak recorded intracranial pressure.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 4","pages":"2336-2349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Oscillation threshold of a Raman clarinet with localized nonlinear losses at the open end. 在开口端具有局部非线性损耗的拉曼单簧管的振荡阈值。
IF 2.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1121/10.0036391
Nathan Szwarcberg, Tom Colinot, Christophe Vergez, Michaël Jousserand
{"title":"Oscillation threshold of a Raman clarinet with localized nonlinear losses at the open end.","authors":"Nathan Szwarcberg, Tom Colinot, Christophe Vergez, Michaël Jousserand","doi":"10.1121/10.0036391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0036391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Localized nonlinear losses are taken into account in a simple Raman clarinet model. The complete system is expressed as an iterated map, enabling us to study the stability of the different playing regimes. A parametric study is carried out with respect to three major parameters: blowing pressure, embouchure, and nonlinear losses coefficient. The model exhibits the well-known effect of reducing the maximum blowing pressure until the oscillations stop (extinction threshold) when nonlinear losses increase. Furthermore, the stability analysis also shows that increasing nonlinear losses increases the minimal blowing pressure for which the oscillations start (oscillation threshold).</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 4","pages":"2615-2623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信