Journal of steroids & hormonal science最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of Tuberculosis Retreatment Case Rate and Its Treatment Outcomesat Adama Hospital Medical College, East Showa, Ethiopia","authors":"J. Lenjisa, Birhanu Tolosa, M. Woldu, Dumessa Edessa Negassa, Getu Bayisa Wakjira","doi":"10.4172/2157-7536.1000.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7536.1000.153","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Even though the proportion of previously treated TB patients’ (retreatment cases) is increasing at alarming rate, there is scarcity of data regarding their magnitude and treatment outcomes. Therefore, this study is meant to assess TB retreatment case rate and their treatment outcomes at Adama hospital medical college (AHMC) in Ethiopia. \u0000 \u0000Methods: The study employed a retrospective cross-sectional survey where a total of 732 registered TB patients’ data were reviewed between Aprils to May 2014. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0. \u0000 \u0000Results: In this study, 147 (20%) of 732 TB cases were registered as retreatment cases. Of these, 16 (11%) relapse, 13 (9%) return after defaulted (RAD), 23 (16%) failure and 95 (64%) were categorized as ‘other’ among which 61 (64.9%) had sputum smear-negative pulmonary TB (PTB) and 34 (35.1%) had extra PTB (EPTB). Retreatment case is more likely to occur in HIV positive 48 (59%) individuals. Regarding their treatment outcomes, treatment success rate (cure plus treatment completed) of 65 (63.7%) was obtained. Whereas 13 (12.8%) registered as died, 10 (9.8%) as failure, 9 (8.8%) as defaulters and 5 (4.9%) as transferred out cases to other health facility. HIV positive individuals are more likely (54%) to have poor treatment outcomes. \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: The prevalence of TB retreatment cases obtained in this study was higher as compared to similar studies. Similarly, their treatment success rate (TSR) was lower as compared to the national figure. Therefore, more attention should be given to the prevention and treatment of TB retreatment cases to avoid social and economic burden of tuberculosis in Ethiopia.","PeriodicalId":17132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of steroids & hormonal science","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81848802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Central Functions of Glucagon-like Peptide-1: Roles in Energy Regulation andNeuroprotection","authors":"R. McGrath, S. Glastras, S. Hocking, Iona Tjoeng, M. Krause, G. Fulcher","doi":"10.4172/2157-7536.1000.152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7536.1000.152","url":null,"abstract":"The identification of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor in the central nervous system has led to an array of studies exploring the functions of central GLP-1 signalling. Originally identified as a gastrointestinal incretin hormone responsible for the potentiation of insulin secretion following ingestion of nutrients, the role of GLP-1 has been expanded to include specific neural activities. Two distinct actions of GLP-1 receptor activation in the brain have been identified, namely the regulation of appetite via promotion of satiety, as well as anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activity to promote neuronal cell survival. Both of these features are now being exploited clinically, with GLP-1 receptor agonists, initially designed and marketed for the treatment of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes, now being directed towards use in obesity and as potential neuroprotective agents. This review gives a summary of the functional role of GLP-1 in the central nervous system, in terms of promoting satiety, modulating food intake and aiding in the regulation of peripheral glycaemia. In addition, the molecular mechanisms underpinning the beneficial effects of central GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy in protecting against neuronal cell inflammation and death, including neurodegenerative processes, are described.","PeriodicalId":17132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of steroids & hormonal science","volume":"27 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83490767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Best Use of Systemic Corticosteroids in the Intensive Care Units, Review","authors":"M. Abdallah, Ah madi, M. A. Rana","doi":"10.4172/2157-7536.1000.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7536.1000.149","url":null,"abstract":"Corticosteroids are one of the most common medications that are used in the intensive care units (ICUs); corticosteroids are used for a variety of indications, including septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), bacterial meningitis, tuberculous meningitis, lupus nephritis, severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations and many others.","PeriodicalId":17132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of steroids & hormonal science","volume":"78 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83738528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"G E Hoffman received her PhD in Pharmacology","authors":"G. E. Hoffman","doi":"10.4172/2157-7536.S1.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7536.S1.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of steroids & hormonal science","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81971828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise Endocrinology: Guidance for Future Research Direction and Focus.","authors":"Anthony C Hackney, Amy R Lane","doi":"10.4172/2157-7536.1000.e114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7536.1000.e114","url":null,"abstract":"Anthony C Hackney1,2,3* and Amy R Lane1 1Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC, USA 2Department of Exercise & Sport Science, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC, USA 3Department of Nutrition Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC, USA *Corresponding author: Anthony C. Hackney, Human Movement Science Curriculum, Department of Exercise & Sport Science, Department of Nutrition Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Tel: +1 919-962-2211; E-mail: thackney@med.unc.edu","PeriodicalId":17132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of steroids & hormonal science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2157-7536.1000.e114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36012411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of Hoodigogenin A, the Aglycone of Hoodigosides Extractedfrom Hoodia gordonii","authors":"P. Geoffroy, Bl., ine Ressault, M. Miesch","doi":"10.4172/2157-7536.1000163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7536.1000163","url":null,"abstract":"Hoodia gordonii is a succulent plant (asclepiadaceae family) which grows in the Kalahari desert in South Africa. On a historical point of view, it was claimed that the San people, a Bushmen tribe leaving in the Kalahari desert, were able to make long hunting trips without feeling thursty and hungry after chewing fresh sap from H. gordonii. Therefore, it was claimed that H. gordonii could represent a new help for fighting obesity, which is one of the major health problems in the 21st century. Indeed, in 2014, more than 1.9 billion adults, 18 years and older, were overweight. Of these over 600 million were obese [1].","PeriodicalId":17132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of steroids & hormonal science","volume":"229 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85575130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unexpected Phenotypes in Mouse Models Carrying the Human Growth Hormone Minigene to Enhance Transgene Expression","authors":"Bas Brouwers Creemers","doi":"10.4172/2157-7536.1000.E115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7536.1000.E115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of steroids & hormonal science","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72788718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colon and Rectal Cancers and Chlorination By-Products in Treated Water:A Strategy for Management Based on Hormonal Studies","authors":"El-Tawil Am","doi":"10.4172/2157-7536.1000159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7536.1000159","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of steroids & hormonal science","volume":"123 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91472180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Experience with Diode Laser Combined with Systemic Steroid Therapy for Severe Stages of Retinopathy of Prematurity","authors":"M. Modrzejewska, E. Lachowicz, D. JoannaKot, W. Lubiński, J. Rudnicki, B. Czeszyńska, Anna Modrzejewska, J. Patalan","doi":"10.4172/2157-7536.1000148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7536.1000148","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To study the efficacy of diode laser-systemic steroid therapy in extremely and very-low-birth-weight \u0000prematures with severe Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP). \u0000Methods: 36 eyes of 18 prematures, mean gestational age 25.67 weeks (SD ± 1.28) and 811, 83 g birth weight (SD ± 299.08) with aggressive-posterior ROP (AP-ROP) and threshold 3 ROP with plus sign and Extraretinal Fibrovascular Proliferation (EFP) were enrolled. Indirect diode laser combined with intravenous course of Dexamethason was applied. Analyzed risk factors were correlated with the same ones received in cohort treated only with laser. Shapiro-Wilk, t-Student, U Mann-Whitney tests were involved in the statistical analysis (significance levels at p<0.05). \u0000Results: Favorable anatomical results after mean 11.29 (SD ± 2.29) days of therapy were noted in 32 eyes (88.88% ), ROP 5 developed in four eyes, but this difference was statistically non-significant (p=0.0612). Transient cortisol decreasing, hyperglycemia and partial adrenal fatigue were noted in some babies. During therapy, arterial systolic and diastolic pressures rose (p<0.05; p<0.01), significantly, which were related with severity of ROP, such as, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte and hematocrit, ventilation duration and number of transfusion (p<0.01). \u0000Conclusion: Laser-steroid treatment might be additional effective alternative for severe ROP. Short- and long-term complications should be taken into account when starting this type of therapy","PeriodicalId":17132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of steroids & hormonal science","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91529240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneous Clinical Manifestations of Cushing's Syndrome in a Family with Primary Pigmented Nodular Adrenocortical Disease","authors":"S. Tung, Daw-Yang Hwang, Joseph W. Yang, H. Ng, Chien-Te Lee","doi":"10.4172/2157-7536.1000.144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7536.1000.144","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate the clinical manifestations of Cushing’s Syndrome (CS) and associated genetic mutation in \u0000patients with Primary Pigmented Nodular Adrenocortical Disease (PPNAD). \u0000Methods: Seven family members were screened for mutations of the PRKAR1A gene. Gene mutation screening \u0000used genomic DNA (from peripheral blood leukocytes and, in some cases, adrenal gland tissue) and subsequent \u0000DNA sequencing. The five patients showing genetic mutation were assessed clinically for baseline cortisol and \u0000adrenocorticotropic hormone and adrenal imaging studies (abdominal computed tomography and adrenal \u0000scintigraphy). Low-dose and high-low dexamethasone suppression tests were performed in these five patients. \u0000Results: PRKAR1A gene mutation was detected in five of the seven family members. Four of the five gene \u0000mutation-positive patients presented with overt CS due to pathology-proven PPNAD. After unilateral adrenalectomy \u0000in these four patients, overt CS persisted for two patients and CS symptoms abated for the other two. The remission \u0000period of CS was >11 years in one instance (case III-2) and continues for >12 years in the other (case II-4), with no \u0000observable disease of the contralateral non-resected adrenal gland. For each of the two remission patients, one \u0000adrenal gland had been larger (by abdominal computed tomography) and had had stronger function (by 131I-6β- \u0000iodomethyl-19-norcholesterol scintigraphy) than the other. In one (case III-2) of the two remission patients, one \u0000adrenal displayed focal PPNAD while the other displayed diffuse PPNAD. The clinical manifestations of CS did not \u0000resolve after unilateral adrenalectomy in case II-2 and III-7. The fifth gene mutation-positive patient (case III-4) is still \u0000in the latent stage of CS. \u0000Conclusions: The clinical manifestations of CS and adrenal image features in patients with PPNAD are \u0000heterogeneous. Detailed adrenal imaging of these patients is necessary to assist with the decision to perform \u0000unilateral adrenalectomy.","PeriodicalId":17132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of steroids & hormonal science","volume":"61 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77736408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}