{"title":"Divergent Transformation of Carboxylic Acids through Photocatalytic Decarboxylation with Hypervalent Iodine Reagents","authors":"Yota Sakakibara, Kenichiro Itami, Kei Murakami","doi":"10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.81.1050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.81.1050","url":null,"abstract":"Carboxylic acids are one of the most important functional groups found in various feedstocks. Their significance lies in their pivotal role as key intermediates in selective transformations during organic synthesis. Despite the existence of various decarboxylative transformation reactions such as Kolbe dimerization, these methods still exhibit certain limitations that present opportunities for further improvement. In this account, we present our recent studies on the application of photocatalytic decarboxylative transformation that allows the divergent transformation of carboxylic acids.","PeriodicalId":17123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry Japan","volume":"119 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135565167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel Estrogen Receptor Inhibitory Mechanism for Halogen-containing Endocrine-disrupting Chemicals Discovered by Computer Simulation","authors":"Ayami Matsushima","doi":"10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.81.1103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.81.1103","url":null,"abstract":"Bisphenol A (BPA) is a component used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins around the world; however, it is also well-known as one of the most notorious endocrine-disrupting chemicals. To avoid using BPA as an ingredient, various BPA derivatives and related compounds have been synthesized and the use of these for making polymers has grown significantly; however, the safety of these BPA derivatives, also known as next-generation bisphenols, has not been fully evaluated. We hypothesized that the bisphenol moiety is a privileged structure for binding to nuclear receptors. Here, we summarize the binding ability of next-generation bisphenols to estrogen receptors and show that halogen-containing bisphenols act as coactivator binding inhibitors for estrogen receptor β.","PeriodicalId":17123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry Japan","volume":"118 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135565172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enthusiasm, Guiding the Way to Universal Catalysts?","authors":"Benjamin List","doi":"10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.81.1019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.81.1019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry Japan","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135565174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Search for Inhibitors of the Ubiquitin-proteasome System from Natural Sources by Cell-based Screening in Reporter-expressing Cells","authors":"Yuki Hitora, Sachiko Tsukamoto","doi":"10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.81.1073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.81.1073","url":null,"abstract":"The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) regulates cellular protein degradation to maintain protein homeostasis (proteostasis). The UPS mainly consists of three steps, ubiquitination, deubiquitination, and protein degradation. In the ubiquitination process, a series of enzymes, the ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1), ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2), and ubiquitin ligase (E3), catalyze the formation of a polyubiquitin chain on target proteins. Prior to the degradation of the polyubiquitinated proteins by the proteasome, deubiquitination enzymes remove this polyubiquitin chain and cleave it into monoubiquitin molecules. The UPS plays a key role in controlling proteostasis and multiple signaling pathways. Dysfunction of the UPS has been implicated in the development of various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune diseases. Therefore, UPS inhibitors that disrupt protein degradation are promising as drug leads. In our study, we searched for natural products (NPs) that inhibit UPS-dependent proteolysis using dual-reporter HeLa cells expressing UbG76V-green fluorescent protein (GFP) and the oxygen-dependent degradation domain of HIF1α fused to luciferase (ODD-Luc). Here we report our research on NPs that inhibit the UPS using these cell-based reporter assays.","PeriodicalId":17123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry Japan","volume":"117 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135565177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Total Synthesis of Resin Glycoside Merremoside D Using Key Glycosylation Methodologies","authors":"Naruki Konishi","doi":"10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.81.988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.81.988","url":null,"abstract":"Resin glycosides are known as glycolipids isolated from plants of the Convolvulaceae families, which have been used as major constituents of traditional folk medicines. However, their isolation, structure determination, and biological activities have been hampered due to poor production because of their complicated structural diversity. In this short review, total synthesis of resin glycoside merremoside D by two research groups is described.","PeriodicalId":17123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry Japan","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134936025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dual Functionalization of Organic Compounds via Oxidation of Halogen","authors":"Katsuhiko Moriyama","doi":"10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.81.951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.81.951","url":null,"abstract":"Dual functionalization in organic synthesis is an elegant and powerful method for simultaneously introducing two different functional groups regio-selectively into a target molecule. We herein describe our recent work on retained dual functionalization and dehydrogenative dual functionalization via oxidation of halogen. For the dehydrogenative dual functionalization by oxidation of bromide ion, a catalytic dual functionalization of ethers through dealkylation-oxidation-bromination accompanied by C-O bond cleavage via aerobic oxidation of bromide was developed to obtain α-bromo ketones. Furthermore, a nitrite-catalyzed ring-contraction reaction of substituted tetrahydropyrans by oxidation of bromide under aerobic conditions was discovered to provide 2-acyltetrahydrofurans. We also succeeded a regio-selective Csp2-Csp2 bromo-amination of indole derivatives via the 1,3-migration of imides on indolyl(phenyl)iodonium imides and a remote Csp2-Csp3 iodo-amination of 2-methyl indole derivatives with iodinating reagents to furnish the corresponding halo-amino-indole derivatives via formation of indolyl(phenyl)iodonium imides from indole derivatives, bis(sulfonyl)imides, and (diacetoxy)iodobenzene as the retained dual functionalization using hypervalent iodine (III).","PeriodicalId":17123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry Japan","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134934687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis and Functional Control of Near-infrared Electrochromic Molecules Based on Redox-active Para-quinodimethane Scaffolds","authors":"Takashi Harimoto, Yusuke Ishigaki","doi":"10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.81.963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.81.963","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, near-infrared (NIR) dyes, exhibiting absorption in the NIR region (750-2500 nm), has been applied to various optical applications such as security marking, photovoltaic cells and chemotherapy of deep tissues in vivo. Electrochromic systems capable of switching NIR absorption are attractive from the viewpoint of applications for material and life science, and thus several examples have been reported to date. The development of organic-based materials is needed to reduce the environmental impact and improve biocompatibility. However, since the redox states of organic NIR dyes are generally unstable, the switching of NIR absorption based on quantitative redox interconversion is still a challenging issue regarding reversibility and durability during their interconversion. To construct organic electrochromic systems capable of ON/OFF switching of NIR-absorbing properties, we have focused on the non-aromatic π-conjugated para-quinodimethane (p-QD) skeleton. Herein, we have shown several studies on the synthesis and functional control of NIR electrochromic molecules based on redox-active p-QD scaffolds. We have elucidated the spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of various arylated quinodimethane derivatives and demonstrated that p-QD building blocks can be versatile components for the development of NIR switchable organic electrochromic systems.","PeriodicalId":17123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry Japan","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134936028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"炭素-窒素不斉軸を有するアトロプ異性キナゾリノンの化学","authors":"Azusa Sato, Yuuki Fujimoto, Osamu Kitagawa","doi":"10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.81.978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.81.978","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, atropisomers owing to the rotational restriction around an N-C single bond (N-C axially chiral compounds) have received much attention in the field of synthetic organic chemistry. In particular, the catalytic enantioselective synthesis of various N-C axially chiral compounds and their application to asymmetric reactions have been reported by many groups. Bioactive compounds possessing an N-C axially chiral structure have also been known. The typical example of such bioactive N-C axially chiral compounds is quinazolin-4-one derivatives bearing an ortho-substituted phenyl group at 3-position. However, the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of N-C axially chiral quinazlolin-4-one derivatives has never been reported. We succeeded in the enantioselective synthesis of 3-(2-bromophenyl)quinazolin-4-one derivatives (GABA agonist, mebroqualone derivatives) through chiral Pd-catalyzed reductive asymmetric desymmetrization with 3-(2,6-dibromophenyl)quinazolin-4-ones. Furthermore, it was found that the reaction of various alkyl halides with the enolate prepared from quinazolinone products proceeds in a highly diastereoselective manner by the asymmetric induction due to the N-C axial chirality. The self-disproportionation of enantiomers (SDE) and crystal structure (chirality-dependent halogen bond) in mebroqualone derivatives, the preparation of N-C axially chiral quinazolinones bearing an ortho-fluorophenyl group, and the creation of isotopic atropisomers based on N-C axially chiral quinazolinone scaffold are also described.","PeriodicalId":17123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry Japan","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134934686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}