International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences最新文献

{"title":"How Perception-Based Decisions can Negatively Shape your Leadership Performance (Decision-Making and Behavior)","authors":"V. Jemison","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILSHS.90.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILSHS.90.1","url":null,"abstract":"In present-day, one of the most subtle means political leaders use to influence their base of supporters is through verbal communication. Over the past two years, some political leaders have increasingly relied on “transferring their perception onto their base of followers, which often negatively stimulates, arouses and shapes an individual’s performance” (decision-making and behavior). In addition, to the detriment of our society, when political leaders transfer their perception onto their base of followers, they often misjudge the sensitive consequences of the prospective outcome. Here for the first time, research now shows that a displaced thought process is attributed to the underlying stimulation used to arouse the transfer of one’s perception onto others. Therefore, because the dangerous cruel and often violent behavior that follows the transfer of one’s perception has become so prevalent in our society, such performance warrants immediate exploration.","PeriodicalId":171214,"journal":{"name":"International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117299841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Central Bank in the Function of Development of National Economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina","authors":"Zoran Mastilo, Nenad Božović, Dejan Mastilo","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILSHS.90.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILSHS.90.26","url":null,"abstract":"The paper addresses and evaluates the currency boards’ policy and assesses whether the economic development of Bosnia and Herzegovina is the function of currency boards, as a form of monetary policy. In this context, a hypothesis that the currency boards provides the foundation for growth and development of a transition economy is being put to the test. To test the hypothesis, the paper compares the movement of economic growth indicators (gross domestic product) among the countries of South Eastern Europe with the primary focus on Bosnia and Herzegovina. By comparing the obtained results, as well as by applying the correlation and regression analysis, by means of simple linear regression, it is proven that the currency boards do not represent an obstacle to economic growth, but is the basis for establishing the stability of the economy and the basis for sustainable growth and development able to adequately respond to shocks.","PeriodicalId":171214,"journal":{"name":"International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115327450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Notice: H. Yahyanejad and E. Shabanirad, Lukács and Reflection Theory, International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, Vol. 61, pp. 145-154, 2015","authors":"","doi":"10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.88.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.88.28","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":171214,"journal":{"name":"International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128597265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-Economic Status and Living Conditions of Coastal Communities: Impacts on the Mangrove Ecosystems in the Scarcies Estuaries, Sierra Leone, West Africa","authors":"K. J. Konoyima, Raymond Johnson","doi":"10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.88.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.88.1","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted between the periods of March 2015 to December 2015 in the Scarcies Estuary, Sierra Leone. Participatory methods such as Focused Group Discussion (FGD), Interviews and ranking exercises were used for the assessment. The objective of this study is to assess the social and economic constraints of coastal communities, and how such constraints have influenced mangrove loss in the area. Knowledge on those is scarce for this region. The study will contribute to improving sustainable management agenda for mangrove forests in the Scarcies Estuaries. Results show a more active and productive age range of respondents (31-40 years), capable enough to make decisions that could influence resource use. A Student’s t-test showed no significant difference in sex at (P>0.05) for male (70%) and female (30%) mangrove dependents. In addition, of the various mangroves related economic activities, oyster collection and farming remained the most important with income above One Million Leones (>115USD) per week and per farming season respectively. Further, key constraints in the communities included inadequate health centers, educational facilities and lack of basic material assets. Multiple households in a dwelling unit are also a common residential arrangement in these areas. Such living conditions are in the context of the definition of poverty with such outcomes as deprived resources such as money and assets, poor health and illiteracy. Hence, it is increasingly evident that the conservation of mangroves in this region cannot be done without considering the varying impacts of poverty, gender roles and resource utilisation patterns. Introduction Mangroves live at the interface between land and sea in tropical and subtropical latitudes [1– 4]. However, mangroves are dependent on the coast, for which humans also have a preference [5]. Nearly 120 million people will live within 10km of the remaining large mangrove habitats by 2015 [5]. This ecosystem is key for enormous abiotic and biological resources and offers a mixture of ecosystem services from which humanity benefits [6–8]. These services can be categorized into provisioning, supporting and regulating, and cultural [9–10]. Provisioning services include (i) fisheries production [11–15]; (ii) production of timber and wood [1, 16]; (iii) Medicinal purposes [17]. Supporting and regulating services include (i) carbon sequestration [2, 18, 19]; (ii) climate regulation [5, 20-22]; (iii) shoreline stabilization and coastal protection [23–25]; (iv) water filtration [26] and pollution regulation [27–29]; Mangroves also provide a suite of cultural and aesthetic services, which include: (i) recreation and tourism [30]; (ii) educational opportunities [5, 31, 32]; (iii) aesthetic and cultural values [32–33]. Cumulatively, the ecosystem services contribute to the socioeconomic wellbeing of coastal communities [5, 34, 35]. [36] had also shown that the majority of people living in mangrove areas globally","PeriodicalId":171214,"journal":{"name":"International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128755675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of Emotion Regulatory Training on Test Anger and Processing Efficiency in High School Girl Students","authors":"Negin Tosifian, M. Karimi, Kazem Amani Mehtarlou, Payam Ardashiri","doi":"10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.88.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.88.15","url":null,"abstract":"Emotional order, expresses the psychological and behavioral processes in which individuals affect their feelings and others. The Purpose of this study is determining effect of emotion regulation training on the test anxiety and processing efficiency among high school girls' students. A quasi-experimental design was selected to run this study and anxiety questionnaire developed by spilberger was used to collect data. The population of this study was the whole girls' students of Varzeghan high school. 44 samples were selected through multiple stage cluster sampling and assigned to two groups of experimental and control group. After the pretest, the participants in experimental group were given emotion regulation training based on gross model for one hour in 8 sessions. The control group did not receive any training in all these session. And there was no intervention. After the sessions, these groups were evaluated once again. MANOVA was used to analyze the data. Furthermore meaningful level is considered in all of the analyze (p<0.05) for this research. Data analyzes showed that emotion regulation was effective for test anxiety and processing efficiency. Emotion regulation skills can be offered to students for enabling them to manage their anxiety at school. Introduction Over the last decades, more emphasis is placed on the role of emotional regulation in Psychopathology [1]. Excitement is an internal data that affects our thoughts and behavior. Excitement is universal and appearing in one form throughout the people over the world. The faces of people in different cultures are similar in sadness, happiness, hatred and wonder. We may not understand each other's language, but we understand the excitement of each other from the forms of the face. This point reflects the importance of excitement in our daily life. Emotions play a vital role because they keep us alive. Positive excitements like joy, increase energy levels, increase selfesteem, power of decision-making, creativity, optimism and hope, endeavor and perseverance, resilience and tolerance to disadvantages and hardships and hard work. And then the physical and psychological health of the person becomes guaranteed. Instead, negative excitements such as sadness have the negative result, and reduce energy and confidence, the power of thought and decision, stagnation and frustration, disappointment and impatience, which increases physical and mental problems. It should be noted that the experience of both positive and negative modes of excitement is an inseparable part of human life and it is necessary. But the dominant and persistent experience of negative emotions leads to mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety. One of the basic problems is that many people cannot control their excitement effectively. Psychological pathologists believe that failure in applying and refining emotional regulation skills predicts future mental health problems and can predispose children and adolescents to","PeriodicalId":171214,"journal":{"name":"International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127112853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Report on the Distribution of Selected Employment Benefits of Older Workers","authors":"LeaAnne DeRigne, Patricia Stoddard-Dare, Cyleste C. Collins, L. Quinn","doi":"10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.88.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.88.23","url":null,"abstract":"Vigorous legislative activity is taking place regarding paid sick leave. Most existing research measures paid sick days autonomously without also considering other benefits such as flexible work and paid vacation. This descriptive study of a nationally representative sample of 4428 adult male workers finds 77.1% of workers have a combination of paid sick leave, flexible work, and vacation, while only 16.8% have just one of the three benefits. Future research should examine the correlates of combined benefit packages in terms of workers’ physical, emotional and financial health and wellbeing. Nationally representative data collection efforts should refine the measurement of workplace benefit variable to allow for these comparisons. Introduction Access to paid sick leave, vacation time, and flexible work can be an important support for American workers as they struggle to balance the responsibilities of their jobs, families, and health 1 2 3. Campaigns for mandating paid sick leave across the country have been snowballing over the past few years with 10 states, Washington DC, and 33 municipalities passing legislation mandating between 3 and 9 days of paid sick leave 4. At the same time, 15 states have passed legislation that preemptively blocks paid sick leave mandates 5. Legislation at the federal level (the Healthy Families Act) has been proposed in the past several Congressional sessions. It would have mandated paid sick leave of up to 7 days at employers with more than 15 employees and 7 unpaid days if they work at smaller companies (S. 636 & H.R. 1516, 2018). The bills stalled; however, and American workers still have no federal guarantee of any paid time off work (vacation or sick). The only federal law that allows for protected leave is the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA), which provides unpaid leave (up to 12 weeks) after the birth or adoption of a child or for one’s own illness or a close family member’s health care crisis. There are also no federally mandated policies on vacation time in the United States Fair Labor Standards Act. Access to vacation time is considered a discretionary workplace fringe benefit and often increases with seniority at a workplace. Americans are also known for not taking their vacation days leaving millions of days unused across the country. Flexible work is also not a workplace right but rather a scenario that is often offered at the pleasure of individuals employers and even supervisors. In order to really understand how any of these benefits might impact employees, researchers need to begin to analyze all three benefits together (sick leave, vacation time and flexible work options).","PeriodicalId":171214,"journal":{"name":"International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129903085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teaching Pastoral Theology as a Pedagogically Oriented Discipline in the Educational Institutions of the Orthodox Church in Ukraine (Beginning of the 19th – End of the 60's of the 19th Century)","authors":"T. Tverdokhlib","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILSHS.87.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILSHS.87.1","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the pedagogical component in the content of Pastoral Theology in the Ukrainian educational institutions of the Orthodox Church, which were included in the system of religious education of the Russian Empire at the beginning of the nineteenth century – at the end of the 1860's. Basing on the studied works “On Positions of Parish Presbyters” by the bishop of the Smolensk Parfenii and the Archbishop of Mogilev, Georgii (Konyskyi), “Letters on Positions of Sacred Rank” by Olexandr Sturdza, “Pastoral Theology” by Archimandrite Anthonii (Amfiteatrov), as well as programs, lecture notes and lecture reviews of lecturers of theological seminaries and the Kiev Theological Academy it has been established that much attention at classes on Pastoral Theology was paid to the preparation of future priests for the religious and moral upbringing of parishioners. The main forms and methods of teaching Pastoral Theology have been presented on the basis of the analysis of archival materials, historical, pedagogical literature. Attention is drawn to the widespread dissemination in the seminaries of rote learning and text dictating, despite the prohibition of such methods by the 1814 Statute. The quality of teaching and staffing of this subject in the secondary and higher Ukrainian educational institutions of the Orthodox Church in the period under research. It has been proved that Pastoral Theology in seminaries was on an equal footing with other branches of theology: teachers understood its great importance for future presbyters and paid much attention to the subject as distinct from the Kiev Theological Academy.","PeriodicalId":171214,"journal":{"name":"International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115308179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expanding and Improving the English Language and Culture Education of Ukrainian Tertiary Students Majoring in English","authors":"O. Tarnopolsky","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILSHS.87.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILSHS.87.32","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses an innovative course taught to students majoring in English at Ukrainian universities. The course called “Specific Features of the English Language and English-Speaking Nations’ Cultures in the Context of International Communication” was designed to eliminate the lack of a number of issues that must be included in the curriculum of English language and culture studies to be learned by such students but which are ordinarily not included there because each of them cannot make the subject matter of a separate university course and does not fit into the traditionally taught courses. The issues in question embrace: the specific (global or planetary) role of English among other languages of international communication; World Englishes, International English and English as a lingua franca and how to choose the variety of English to be taught as a foreign language; the specifics of business negotiations in English in intercultural contexts, business presentations in English, and business telephoning in English in such contexts; communicative behavioral etiquette (verbal and non-verbal) in intercultural communication in English; lifestyle communicative behavioral patterns of the English-speaking nations. The paper shows how teaching these issues enriches and improves the English language and culture education of English major students expanding that education and relevant practical training to fit much better the international and intercultural contexts of communication in English.","PeriodicalId":171214,"journal":{"name":"International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121479515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Spillover Effect of the EU Economy on the Culture","authors":"D. Gavrilov","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILSHS.87.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILSHS.87.23","url":null,"abstract":"The Economy has always been considered an essential pillar of the development. This is why, when the European Union appeared, the idea of a community based on economic relations with the purpose of empowering the common economy seemed to be an attractive idea to the outside states of the European Economic Community. Even at first, the idea of empowering the Economy was a very good one, after politics, culture, agriculture, science, and other domains were directly linked to the economic development, the Economy was seen as the nucleus of development of all. Giving its role, we are asking ourselves: Is the Economy role only a positive one in the development of other domains? To understand the role that the fall of the Economy can have on other domains, we focus on Economy- culture relation. Assuming the role of the spillover effect of the Economic crises on the culture we conclude that the Economy should not be the only basis of development, but we should enlarge our possibilities of independence of other domains.","PeriodicalId":171214,"journal":{"name":"International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129374571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corporate Governance Research Opportunities in Nigeria: A National Development Issue","authors":"Rosemary O. Obasi","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILSHS.87.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/ILSHS.87.13","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a number of research opportunities in corporate governance in Nigeria. Corporate governance has come along with changes in Nigeria regulatory framework for financial reporting and corporate governance code during the recent years. The researcher identified some important areas where research can help advance our knowledge and provide relevant information for policy makers. These research areas include audit firm governance, corporate level of compliance on corporate governance; Public sector code of governance; adoption of Not-for-profit governance code by such organisations in Nigeria. The research questions that were raised are of global interest, but the Nigeria environment provides some distinctive natural experimental settings to address these questions.","PeriodicalId":171214,"journal":{"name":"International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences","volume":"217 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114852488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}