Chitin-Chitosan - Myriad Functionalities in Science and Technology最新文献_第2页

Chitosan-Clay Based (CS-NaBNT) Biodegradable Nanocomposite Films for Potential Utility in Food and Environment 壳聚糖-粘土基(CS-NaBNT)可生物降解纳米复合薄膜在食品和环境中的潜在应用

Chitin-Chitosan - Myriad Functionalities in Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-07-18 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76498

A. Laaraibi, Fatiha Moughaoui, Fouad Damiri, Amine Ouakit, I. Charhouf, Souad Hamdouch, A. Jaafari, AbdelmjidAbourriche, N. Knouzi, A. Bennamara, M. Berrada

{"title":"Chitosan-Clay Based (CS-NaBNT) Biodegradable Nanocomposite Films for Potential Utility in Food and Environment","authors":"A. Laaraibi, Fatiha Moughaoui, Fouad Damiri, Amine Ouakit, I. Charhouf, Souad Hamdouch, A. Jaafari, AbdelmjidAbourriche, N. Knouzi, A. Bennamara, M. Berrada","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76498","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to design newer material for food packaging applications and to valorize the Moroccan marine wastes using chitosan (CS) prepared from exoskeletons of shrimps. Biodegradable and uniform nanocomposite films developed from sodium ben - tonite nanoparticles dispersed in chitosan matrix were carefully studied. The montmorillonite is used as nanofiller, and aqueous acetic acid solution is employed as a medium for dissolving and dispersing chitosan and montmorillonite. The existence of dialdehyde chitosan as cross-linking agent was examined. Morphology, thermal behavior, and mechani - cal properties of the nanocomposite films have been studied using FTIR, TGA, FEGSEM, TEM, XRD, and a tensile test. The XRD results indicate the formation of an intercalated and exfoliated nanostructure at low bentonite content and an intercalated and flocculated nanostructure at high bentonite content. Plastic deformation of the chitosan film is carried out using a thermomechanical treatment in the presence of a solvent and a plasticizer. The nanocomposite films obtained show a good tensile strength due to the reinforcement of chitosan intercalation in the silicate, which is an interesting mechanical property needed for food packaging applications. These nanocomposite films made from naturally occur - ring materials might play an important role in advanced research in food and environmental science. by the solution casting technique and characterized with particular regard to structural, ther -mal, and mechanical properties. Films of chitosan/bentonite, chitosan/glycerol/bentonite, and chitosan/glycerol/bentonite/essential oil nanocomposites were prepared with purified bentonite (BNT), and according to the process used, they might be less expensive than other packaging materials.","PeriodicalId":170888,"journal":{"name":"Chitin-Chitosan - Myriad Functionalities in Science and Technology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127887446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

A Review of Chitosan-Based Materials for the Removal of Organic Pollution from Water and Bioaugmentation 壳聚糖基材料去除水中有机污染及生物强化研究进展

Chitin-Chitosan - Myriad Functionalities in Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-07-18 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76540

C. Escudero-Oñate, E. Martínez-Francés

{"title":"A Review of Chitosan-Based Materials for the Removal of Organic Pollution from Water and Bioaugmentation","authors":"C. Escudero-Oñate, E. Martínez-Francés","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76540","url":null,"abstract":"Chitin is a natural polymer extracted mostly from shrimp or crab shells and is the Earth’s second most abundant polysaccharide. After a simple deacetylation procedure, chitin is converted into chitosan that consists in a polysaccharide structure of deacetylated-β-glucosamine. Chitosan has been largely employed in wastewater treatment the removal of colloids through coagulation-flocculation processes. Different chitosan based materials have been produced and tested in the removal of inorganic pollutants such as toxic metals and metalloids, nutrients, dyes, micropollutants and hydrocarbons. Sorbents such as magnetic-activated carbon chitosan have been successfully tested in the removal of antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and amoxicillin) from water. Raw chitosan and ZnO nanoparticles entrapped in chitosan have demonstrated an excellent potential for the removal of the insecticide permethrin from aqueous effluents. Chitin and chitosan in flake and powder form have also demonstrated a promising effectiveness in the removal of oil spilled in seawater. Superhydrophobic and superoleophilic sponges modified by thioles have been also prepared from chitosan and used for the removal of oil spills. Chitosan hydrogels have been tested as well as entrapment matrices for the immobilization of hydrocarbon-degrading biomass for oil spills. Strains such as R. corynebacteriorides (QBTo), Bacillus subtilis LAMI008 and B. pumilus have been successfully immobilized and employed in hydrocarbon degradation processes. In this book chapter, the use of chitosan and chitosan-based materials in the removal of organic pollutants from water is reviewed.","PeriodicalId":170888,"journal":{"name":"Chitin-Chitosan - Myriad Functionalities in Science and Technology","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121341579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

Sewage Polluted Water Treatment via Chitosan: A Review 壳聚糖处理污水污染水研究进展

Chitin-Chitosan - Myriad Functionalities in Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-07-18 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75395

T. Hahn, S. Zibek

{"title":"Sewage Polluted Water Treatment via Chitosan: A Review","authors":"T. Hahn, S. Zibek","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75395","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the increasing scarcity of water, wastewater treatment and water conditioning are one of the major future issues. Together with the need to apply highly accessible abundant materials and the demand to replace fossil-based chemicals with sustainable compounds from renewable resources, chitosan (CS) provides some of the solutions to obtain these goals and combines both, abundance and sustainability. Hence, the focus of this review is on the application of CS in wastewater treatment providing advantages and drawbacks in using CS in contrast to chitin. We herewith present the application of CS for coagulation/flocculation purposes, whether as native compound, as functional ized molecule or as blend, respectively, composite. The heavy metal, respectively, dye removal is an additional theme to be addressed in the body of the text. The third topic of this review contains the application of CS blends or composites in order to prepare membrane materials for water purification or conditioning. Together with a summary of the recent study, we discuss these findings and possible consequences for future works. In addition, we provide some theoretical background of the processes that CS is involved in and state some mechanistic insights.","PeriodicalId":170888,"journal":{"name":"Chitin-Chitosan - Myriad Functionalities in Science and Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115297443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Chitosan and Xyloglucan-Based Hydrogels: An Overview of Synthetic and Functional Utility 壳聚糖和木聚糖基水凝胶的合成及其功能应用综述

Chitin-Chitosan - Myriad Functionalities in Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-07-18 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74646

Diana M. Martínez-Ibarra, J. López‐Cervantes, D. Sánchez‐Machado, A. Sanches-Silva

{"title":"Chitosan and Xyloglucan-Based Hydrogels: An Overview of Synthetic and Functional Utility","authors":"Diana M. Martínez-Ibarra, J. López‐Cervantes, D. Sánchez‐Machado, A. Sanches-Silva","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74646","url":null,"abstract":"The development of new strategies for wound healing has resulted in the design of biomedical devices using polymers of natural origin. Hydrogels are biomaterials formed by three-dimensional polymeric networks that can retain large amounts of water or biological fluids, and smooth texture similar to living tissue. Chitosan is a linear polysaccharide, (1-4)-2-amino-2deoxy-ß-D-glucan, which has desirable features such as biocom- patibility, non-toxicity, hemostasis and antibacterial character. Xyloglucans have different applications in tissue engineering for their physicochemical properties, biocompatibility and control of cell expansion. Hydrogels had been made of homogeneous mixtures prepared of chitosan and purified xyloglucan, followed by a freeze-drying process to develop a flexible and porous structure. Additionally, their mechanical properties such as porosity, solubility, biodegradation, and the antibacterial activity of the hydrogels are studied. The results suggest that the incorporation of xyloglucan favors the characteristics from chitosan-based hydrogels, providing a promising alternative for application in biomate- rials with antimicrobial activity. the introduction of xyloglucan favors the characteristics of fluid absorption and mechanical resistance in chitosan hydrogels.","PeriodicalId":170888,"journal":{"name":"Chitin-Chitosan - Myriad Functionalities in Science and Technology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125305099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Blended Composites of Chitosan: Adsorption Profile for Mitigation of Toxic Pb (II) Ions from Water 壳聚糖复合材料对水中有毒铅(II)离子的吸附研究

Chitin-Chitosan - Myriad Functionalities in Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-07-18 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74790

Asha H. Gedam, Prashil K. Narnaware, V. Kinhikar

{"title":"Blended Composites of Chitosan: Adsorption Profile for Mitigation of Toxic Pb (II) Ions from Water","authors":"Asha H. Gedam, Prashil K. Narnaware, V. Kinhikar","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74790","url":null,"abstract":"An environmental pollution is the unfavorable alteration of surrounding toxicity due to heavy metals, organic pollutants, radioactive materials, pesticides, dyes, pigments, fatty/ oil impurities and minerals that are responsible for crucial ecological and health con- cerns. The indiscriminate industrial and anthropological activities render water resources unsuitable for consumptions. Percolations of synthetic pollutants in water are respon- sible for detrimental effects on aquatic flora and fauna. Environmental contamination of water poses the major challenge to develop efficient water treatment techniques based on usage of biopolymers. Hence, chitosan (de-acetylated chitin: β-(1 → 4) D-glucosamine ) bio-sorbent is preferred which is cheap, biodegradable, and biocompatible for the mitigation of few heavy metals from water. Chitosan’s flexible skeleton was modified by doping few organic/inorganic moieties to yield biocomposites for adsorption of varied pollutants. In this chapter, the batch adsorption of toxic Pb (II) ions from water using graphite doped chitosan composite (GDCC) as an adsorbent is discussed. Maximum Pb (II) ions adsorp - tion capacity was 6.711 mg/g (from Langmuir) at optimum pH 6 with dosage of 1 g/L in 120 min. Biosorption mechanism is emphasized in context with wastewater cleanup procedures.","PeriodicalId":170888,"journal":{"name":"Chitin-Chitosan - Myriad Functionalities in Science and Technology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123403044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

An Overview of Chitosan-Xanthan Gum Matrices as Controlled Release Drug Carriers 壳聚糖-黄原胶基质作为控释药物载体的研究进展

Chitin-Chitosan - Myriad Functionalities in Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-07-18 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76038

Suha M Dadou, M. Antonijević, B. Chowdhry, A. Badwan

{"title":"An Overview of Chitosan-Xanthan Gum Matrices as Controlled Release Drug Carriers","authors":"Suha M Dadou, M. Antonijević, B. Chowdhry, A. Badwan","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76038","url":null,"abstract":"Naturally occurring polysaccharides and/or their chemically modified derivatives have been widely investigated in relation to their use as components of controlled release sys tems for drug delivery. The aforementioned is due, in part, to their distinct properties such as abundant availability and biocompatibility as well as environmental and eco nomic advantages. Chitosan (CS) and xanthan gum (XG) based matrices have received growing scientific/pharmaceutical interest as oral controlled release drug carriers. Herein, recent advances spanning the last two decades in CS-XG based drug delivery systems are reviewed with the emphasis being on oral tablet formulations, due to their versatility as pharmaceutical dosage forms. The mechanism of interaction between CS and XG, by means of computational and experimental approaches, is scrutinized. Results obtained from the literature establish the possibility of fabricating a controlled release drug delivery system based on CS and XG matrices. This can be achieved by monitor ing and manipulating the physiochemical properties of the two polymers as well as the experimental variables affecting their drug retardation efficiency, without the need to employ special equipment or sophisticated experimental techniques/methodologies.","PeriodicalId":170888,"journal":{"name":"Chitin-Chitosan - Myriad Functionalities in Science and Technology","volume":"291 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133165432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5