History of Engineering Sciences and Institutions of Higher Education最新文献

{"title":"Pioneering Interdisciplinary Academic Field of Digital Humanities in Latvia","authors":"Sanita Reinsone, M. Platonova, T. Smirnova, Zane Seņko","doi":"10.7250/hesihe.2022.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/hesihe.2022.008","url":null,"abstract":"A mainstream tendency for multimediality of information and exponential growth of data have promoted major changes in the academic paradigm, supporting the transition towards interdisciplinary research-based studies, which has affected the development of the emerging field of Digital Humanities (DH). The paper aims at providing insights into the different activities implemented by the DH community in Latvia, which have contributed to the advancement of the field and stimulated the inclusion of digital research-related courses in the Latvian higher education curricula, reflecting on the establishment and implementation of the Master study programme in Digital Humanities at RTU considering it in its wider Latvian, pan-European, and global context.","PeriodicalId":170401,"journal":{"name":"History of Engineering Sciences and Institutions of Higher Education","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130764900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some Previously Relevant Aspects of Academic Life: Venia Legendi and the Status of a Private Docent at the University of Latvia (1919–1944)","authors":"M. Baltiņš","doi":"10.7250/hesihe.2022.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/hesihe.2022.002","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the research on venia legendi (the right to deliver lectures at the university) and the status of private docent at the University of Latvia (UL) until 1944. The term «private docent» was used worldwide in the 18th century; it is still in use in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. In Latvia, it was introduced in the 1860s at the first higher education institution established in the current territory of Latvia – Riga Polytechnicum. The terms «private docent» and «venia legendi» were used in Latvia until the end of World War II. In the present study, the author explains how these terms were used at the UL during the interwar period and during World War II considering the empirical data obtained in the course of research of archival documents and library collections. The article provides an overview of the private docents working at the UL from 1919 to 1944 and their activities in this period.","PeriodicalId":170401,"journal":{"name":"History of Engineering Sciences and Institutions of Higher Education","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115274403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pedagogical and Political Activity of Pēteris Sauleskalns (1876–1975), a Graduate (1908) of Riga Polytechnic Institute","authors":"Indulis Zvirgzdiņš","doi":"10.7250/hesihe.2022.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/hesihe.2022.004","url":null,"abstract":"In the study dedicated to Pēteris Sauleskalns (1876–1975), a graduate of Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI), an agronomist, pedagogue, and teacher, the author used archival and library materials describing the family of Sauleskalns and the childhood of his son Pēteris, his study and work life, and pedagogical activities at Priekuļi (1912–1918) and Latgale (1921–1936) / Malnava (1936– 1940) Agricultural Secondary Schools, evaluating his contribution to the establishment and management of the Malnava Agricultural Secondary School. The teacher with a long-term experience, P. Sauleskalns also participated in political life – he represented the Latvian Farmers’ Union at the Latvian Constitutional Assembly (1920–1922). For his successful work in the area of agricultural education, he was twice awarded the highest Latvian state award – the Order of the Three Stars. After World War II, he lived in exile in the United States.","PeriodicalId":170401,"journal":{"name":"History of Engineering Sciences and Institutions of Higher Education","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132196115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eugen Habermann (1884–1944) and Herbert Johanson (1884–1964) – from Studies at Riga Polytechnic Institute to the Top of Estonian Architecture","authors":"Karin Hallas-Murula","doi":"10.7250/hesihe.2022.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/hesihe.2022.003","url":null,"abstract":"Graduates of Riga Polytechnic Institute Eugen Habermann (1884–1944) and Herbert Johanson (1884–1964) became the most active architects in Estonia in the 1920s and 1930s. E. Habermann was the City Planning Architect of Tallinn (1914–1923), at the same time, he headed the Construction Board of the Ministry of the Interior (1919–1923). H. Johanson led the project bureau of the City Architect of Tallinn (1924–1944). From 1935, he also ran the Tallinn Municipal Architecture Office. Both architects were the founders of the Estonian Association of Architects (1921) and its chairmen, E. Habermann – from 1921 to 1936 and H. Johanson – in the 1930s. The extensive list of projects of E. Habermann and H. Johanson consists of around 200 projects, including buildings of nearly all types. The article aims to characterize E. Habermann and H. Johanson as personalities based on the memories of their fellows, it also reflects on the main features and stylistic development of their architecture.","PeriodicalId":170401,"journal":{"name":"History of Engineering Sciences and Institutions of Higher Education","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116118721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life of a Graduate of Riga Polytechnic Institute Rodrigo Slaviņš, an Engineer and Orienteer, and his Contribution to the Orienteering Sport","authors":"Ērika Lanka, Arno Līcis","doi":"10.7250/hesihe.2022.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/hesihe.2022.006","url":null,"abstract":"The article reflects on the achievements of Rodrigo Slaviņš, a graduate of the Faculty of Chemistry (1963) of Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI), an engineer, the Officer of the Order of the Three Stars, three-time champion of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), Master of Sports in orienteering, in the development of orienteering sports traditions, his work at the Latvian Olympic Committee (LOC), as well as his activities as the Head of the Latvian Orienteering Federation (LOF). Special attention is paid to his merit in popularizing orienteering sports and his achievements in competitions of various scales. Developing this article, the authors interviewed R. Slaviņš. They used his personal archive, the documents of the Latvian National Archives of Latvian State Historical Archive and RTU Archive, the collection of the Latvian National Library, scientific literature, and publications in the press.","PeriodicalId":170401,"journal":{"name":"History of Engineering Sciences and Institutions of Higher Education","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132517321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life and Contribution of Electrical Engineering Specialist Nikolai Ozmidoff (1850–1938) to the Field of Engineering","authors":"Svetlana Kovaļčuka","doi":"10.7250/hesihe.2022.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/hesihe.2022.005","url":null,"abstract":"The research covers the multi-faceted activities of Nikolai Ozmidoff (Николай Озмидов; 1850–1938), a specialist in electrical engineering, member of academic staff (1884–1918) of Riga Polytechnicum (RP) / Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI), professor (1906), in various positions – working on the railway in Switzerland and Germany, in geodesy, surveying, electrical engineering in Riga, as well as his pedagogical and scientific activities at RP / RPI and Ivanovo- Voznesensk Polytechnic Institute in Russia. Developing the article, the author used archival documents, scientific literature, and publications in the press.","PeriodicalId":170401,"journal":{"name":"History of Engineering Sciences and Institutions of Higher Education","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127345707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Example of the Use of Traditional Woodworking Hand Tools in Product Design Studies at the Institute of Design Technologies of the Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry of Riga Technical University","authors":"I. Gūtmane, S. Kukle, J. Kalniņš, I. Zotova, Artūrs Ķīsis","doi":"10.7250/hesihe.2022.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/hesihe.2022.007","url":null,"abstract":"Initially, hand tools were created to facilitate the processing of materials in manufacturing utility items. Tool design, technology, and ergonomics evolved along with the growing human ability to process new materials. The tool range has expanded to meet more diverse needs of the woodworking industry, adapting the tools for both universal use and specific functions. Understanding of the functionalities of woodworking hand tools is essential for observing the sequence of material processing and practical processing operations, as well as in building awareness of the properties of the wood material. This is ensured by the interaction between the operator, the tool, and the workpiece. An important aspect in raising awareness is the relatively low processing speed and the processing of the material with human-controlled movements. Treatment of wood with craft methods and tools reveals the characteristic properties of the material, including specifics of wood grain direction, the difference in the density of earlywood and latewood, and the difference in the longitudinal and transverse grain direction. It also allows understanding the most typical wood defects. To make the process of learning a wood material meaningful in the study process, it is integrated with product manufacturing, making students create a wooden puzzle. This process implies running a sequential crafting process from a solid pine board to a finished and functional product – a puzzle. Students have to make it following a uniform design drawing showing the proportions of the pieces and joints. While making a wooden puzzle, students choose the most appropriate tools for each processing stage. In the process, it is necessary to check, measure, mark, and cut the workpiece. The result is a three-dimensional product that may be assembled and disassembled. The assembly and disassembly process allows appreciating the role of processing accuracy in the course of work and its impact on the end result.","PeriodicalId":170401,"journal":{"name":"History of Engineering Sciences and Institutions of Higher Education","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130522366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valerijs Bitenieks – From a Student of Riga Polytechnic Institute to a Construction Contractor in the Independent Latvia","authors":"Ērika Lanka","doi":"10.7250/hesihe.2021.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/hesihe.2021.007","url":null,"abstract":"A paper on Valerijs Bitenieks, a graduate (1986) of the Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering of Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI), reflects on the daily life of the Soviet students in the 1980s, the work of a young engineer while he was trying various opportunities in the labour market and the engineer’s growth as a successful contractor in the independent Latvia in the 21st century. It traces the life of V. Bitenieks from his childhood to the present day, paying attention to his professional activities. The research provides an insight into students’ internships and extracurricular activities during the Soviet era. Unpublished photographic material unknown to the general public has been obtained.","PeriodicalId":170401,"journal":{"name":"History of Engineering Sciences and Institutions of Higher Education","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116818700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Versatile Pedagogical and Social Activities of a Graduate of Riga Polytechnic Institute Jānis Stiprais (1870–1946)","authors":"Alīda Zigmunde, Elita Stikute","doi":"10.7250/hesihe.2021.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/hesihe.2021.005","url":null,"abstract":"The research discusses continuous effort of a pedagogue, economist and journalist Jānis Stiprais (1870–1946) in his pursuit to obtain education and his versatile pedagogical activities in Tomsk (Russia), Tukums, Valka and Riga, as well as the contribution he made in such areas as journalism, folklore and social work. J. Stiprais shared his knowledge of economics gained at Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI) with the students at the University of Latvia (UL), Latvia People’s University and Vilis Olavs Commercial School; in the first half of the 20th century he was the principal of educational institutions in Tukums, Valka and Riga, he also was one of the signatories of the Memorandum of the Central Council of Latvia on 17 March 1944. In the recognition of J. Stiprais merit for Latvia, he was honoured with the highest award of the Republic of Latvia – the Order of the Three Stars.","PeriodicalId":170401,"journal":{"name":"History of Engineering Sciences and Institutions of Higher Education","volume":"174 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133124669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activities of Āgenskalns Gymnastics and Sports Society and Its Headquarters at 7 Baldones Street","authors":"Rita Apine","doi":"10.7250/hesihe.2021.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/hesihe.2021.003","url":null,"abstract":"Āgenskalns Gymnastics and Sports Society was one of the largest and best-known Baltic-German sports organizations in the first half of the 20th century. Sports enthusiasts of various professions, including engineers, participated in the activities of this society. The house built by the Society in 1910 at 7 Baldones S treet, Riga, which has been rebuilt several times, played an important role in the sports life. The research presents comprehensive documentary evidence about the Society until the repatriation of the Baltic- Germans in 1939 and the history of its headquarters building. Using the documents and press materials from the Latvian State Historical Archive (LSHA) of the National Archives of Latvia (NAL), archive documents of the Riga Construction Board, as well as the collection of the Latvian Sports Museum, previously unknown facts have been revealed.","PeriodicalId":170401,"journal":{"name":"History of Engineering Sciences and Institutions of Higher Education","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122687964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}