Evolutionary Linguistic Theory最新文献_第2页

The (en)rich(ed) meaning of expletive negation 咒骂否定的(en)丰富(ed)意义

Evolutionary Linguistic Theory Pub Date : 2019-04-24 DOI: 10.1075/ELT.00004.DEL

D. Delfitto, C. Melloni, Maria Vender

引用次数: 6

Origin of language and origin of languages 语言的起源和语言的起源

Evolutionary Linguistic Theory Pub Date : 2019-04-24 DOI: 10.1075/ELT.00002.GRA

G. Graffi

{"title":"Origin of language and origin of languages","authors":"G. Graffi","doi":"10.1075/ELT.00002.GRA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ELT.00002.GRA","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The question of monogenesis vs. polygenesis of human languages was essentially neglected by contemporary\u0000 linguistics until the appearance of the research on the genetics of human populations by L. L. Cavalli-Sforza and his\u0000 collaborators, which brought to light very exciting parallels between the distribution of human populations and that of language\u0000 families. The present paper highlights some aspects of the history of the problem and some points of the contemporary discussion.\u0000 We first outline the “Biblical paradigm”, which persisted until the 18th century even in scientific milieus. Then, we outline some\u0000 aspects of the 19th century debate about monogenesis vs. polygenesis of languages and about the relationships between languages\u0000 and human populations: in particular, we will discuss the views of Darwin on the one hand and of some linguists on the other\u0000 (Schleicher, M. Müller, Whitney and Trombetti). It will be seen that their positions only partly coincide; at any rate, it will be\u0000 shown that Darwin was partly inspired by the problems of the genealogy of languages and that the linguists, for their part, took\u0000 account of Darwin’s views. Turning to today’s debate, we first present the positions of the linguists arguing for monogenesis,\u0000 namely J. Greenberg and M. Ruhlen, as well as the criticisms raised against their methods by the majority of linguists. Other\u0000 scholars, such as D. Bickerton or N. Chomsky, essentially argue, from different points of view, that the problem of monogenesis\u0000 vs. polygenesis of languages is a “pseudo-problem”. We however think that, although the question cannot be reasonably solved by\u0000 linguistic means, it cannot be discarded as meaningless: it is an anthropological rather than a linguistic problem. We present\u0000 some reflections and suggestions, in the light of which the monogenetic hypothesis appears as more tenable than the polygenetic\u0000 one.","PeriodicalId":170314,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Linguistic Theory","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127937426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A note on the emotive origins of syntax 关于句法的情感起源的注解

Evolutionary Linguistic Theory Pub Date : 2019-04-24 DOI: 10.1075/ELT.00005.TRO

Andreas Trotzke

引用次数: 2

Linguistic theory and the debate on the origin of language 语言学理论与语言起源之争

Evolutionary Linguistic Theory Pub Date : 2019-04-24 DOI: 10.1075/ELT.00001.BID

Ermenegildo Bidese

{"title":"Linguistic theory and the debate on the origin of language","authors":"Ermenegildo Bidese","doi":"10.1075/ELT.00001.BID","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ELT.00001.BID","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last three decades, the study of the origin and evolution of human language has attracted more and more scholars from different disciplines, and earned a place in several internationally renowned symposia, such as the 51st Annual Meeting of the Societas Linguistica Europea, held in 2018 in Tallinn, where a workshop with 13 contributions was dedicated to ‘New Directions in Language Evolution Research’. Furthermore, the question of the origin and evolution of language is a topic that attracts not only the scientific community but also the lay public. According to Aitchison (1998: 17), the renewed interest in this topic was made possible, after the ban of Paris, by the famous article of Pinker and Bloom (1990), which attempted to reconcile ‘natural language’ and ‘natural selection’. This article restored an orthodox (neo)-Darwinian account of the investigation of the origin of language, which in turn – in Aitchison’s (1998) reconstruction – led to the development of a flourishing research field. However, Chomsky (2017:297) has recently contested such reconstruction, pointing out that both European and American structuralism assumed language to be a social entity. As a consequence, in structuralist approaches language was investigated mainly in its extensional aspects, and less so in its intensional nature. This means that, for example, given a category like plurality, it was more important in such traditions to classify the external forms (i.e. the different morphemes) that realize it than to model the internal rules – and, crucially, the abstract representations on which our language knowledge operates – that encode it linguistically. It was only with UG – continues Chomsky (2017) – that the problem of the “Basic Property” was addressed. This made it possible to tackle the issue of the ‘evolvability’ of language in the correct way. But even in the long journey of the generative enterprise, the question of the origin of language gradually became more tractable, as the knowledge of UG progressed, particularly with respect to the pervasiveness and the simplicity of its core operation (see Chomsky 2007; Berwick 2011). In addition, a landmark in evolutionary biology was, in Chomsky’s (2017) eyes, the appearance of Lewontin’s (1998) contribution about the evolution","PeriodicalId":170314,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Linguistic Theory","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128242318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Parameters and the design of the Language Faculty 语言学院的参数与设计

Evolutionary Linguistic Theory Pub Date : 2019-04-24 DOI: 10.1075/ELT.00003.MAN

M. R. Manzini

引用次数: 3

Tracking Language Evolution as an Interdisciplinary, Cross-Theoretical Enterprise 跟踪语言进化作为一个跨学科、跨理论的事业

Evolutionary Linguistic Theory Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1075/elt.2.2

Livio Gaeta

引用次数: 0