{"title":"High Velocity Linear Induction Launcher with Exit-Edge Compensation for Testing of Aerospace Components","authors":"S. Kuznetsov, D. Marriott","doi":"10.1109/ELT.2008.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELT.2008.137","url":null,"abstract":"The paper shows results of a parametric study for 500 m/s and 1,500 m/s linear induction launchers incorporating two of the latest compensation techniques for an air-core stator primary and an iron-core primary winding. Typical thrust densities for these machines are in the range of 150 kN/sq.m. to 225 kN/sq.m. and these compete favorably with permanent magnet linear synchronous machines. The operational advantages of the high speed SCIM launcher are shown by eliminating the need for pole-angle position sensors as would be required by synchronous systems. The stator power factor at full load is significantly improved.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115655446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanjie Cao, Chengxue Wang, Huijin Wang, Hongbo Jin
{"title":"Simulation of Electromagnetic Launcher of Active Electromagnetic Armor","authors":"Yanjie Cao, Chengxue Wang, Huijin Wang, Hongbo Jin","doi":"10.1109/ELT.2008.132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELT.2008.132","url":null,"abstract":"Active electromagnetic (EM) armor comprises detection system, intellectual control system, high pulsed-power supply and EM launcher together. And EM launcher consists of drive coil, insulator, pedestal and interception projectile. In order to analyze influences on Ampere forces acting on the interception projectile which result from variations of the pedestal material properties and the structural parameter of drive coil, a 3D model of EM launcher is set up. Simulation of EM launcher is accomplished with a parameterized finite element analysis (FEA) code.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115854129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation on the Time-Varying Inductance Gradient of Railgun","authors":"W. Yuan, Liqiang Sun, C. Ren, P. Yan","doi":"10.1109/ELT.2008.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELT.2008.120","url":null,"abstract":"The inductance gradient of railgun is one of the key factors in the EM railgun launcher. Generally, people take it as a constant value during simulation, but in fact it is variable in firing. Better understanding of the inductance gradient during launching is helpful to the predicting of the armature transition velocity. To obtain the waveform of the time-varying inductance gradient, the experimental current waveform was analyzed with time-frequency analysis tools. Thus the frequency-time waveform (f-t waveform) of the load current was obtained. The 3-D railgun model was setup in Maxwell 3D modular of Ansoft Corporation. Frequency points of the f-t waveform corresponding with B-dot signals were input to the simulation model to calculate the corresponding inductance gradient and the time-varying inductance gradient was gained. It is indicated that the inductance gradient of the railgun is decreased rapidly before the load current reaches its peak value. The propelling force on the armature is calculated with the inductance gradient waveform and the load current waveform. The armature's mass will show pseudo increase at the rise of current and decrease rapidly when the armature's wings are soft enough.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127935283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Velocity and Efficiency Limiting Effects of Magnetic Diffusion in Railgun Sliding Contacts","authors":"Thomas G. Engel, Jesse M. Neri, M. Veracka","doi":"10.1109/ELT.2008.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELT.2008.90","url":null,"abstract":"The authors identify and characterize a velocity and efficiency limiting effect called contact velocity skin effect (VSEC) which occurs in the interface of a railgun's sliding contact. Despite enormous contact forces, the armature will remain separated from the rail by a thin adsorbed layer, on the order of 10 to 15 angstroms in this investigation. Electrical conduction through the layer is via quantum tunneling which is more resistive than classical conduction through the conductor. A comprehensive theory to account VSEC is presented and is applicable to all constant gradient electromagnetic launchers. The theory not only accounts for the velocity-limit effect, but also predicts a maximum efficiency. Theoretical parameters include the inductance gradient, system resistance, projectile velocity, and sliding contact area. Theoretical predictions are compared to experimental data from a conventional and an augmented railgun. The augmented railgun is a 3-turn augmented system with 40 mm bore x 750 mm length typically operating at 250 kA peak current with a projectile velocity of 300 m/s. The conventional railgun is 40 mm bore x 4000 mm length which typically operates at 850 kA with a projectile velocity of 1600 m/s. The characterization of VSEC predicts velocity saturation and efficiency roll-off in electromagnetic launchers and provides new insights into EML operation and physics especially with regard to the armature and its contacts.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131980511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Projectile-Stacked Launch Techniques for Electromagnetic Railgun","authors":"Jiange Zhang, G. Gu, Yuexin Liu","doi":"10.1109/ELT.2008.128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELT.2008.128","url":null,"abstract":"\"Metal Storm\" weapon has high fire rate for its peculiar projectile-stacked launch, attracting the attention of people. But the disadvantages such as low muzzle velocity and difficulty in continuous supply of ammunition hamper the engineering use of \"Metal Storm\" weapon. Projectile-stacked electromagnetic railgun can perfectly combine metal storm technology with electromagnetic launch. It is easier for projectile-stacked launch and ammunition supply because of no gun powder in electromagnetic railgun and the railgun has higher muzzle velocity, thus the super weapon-projectile-stacked railgun with high fire rate and high muzzle velocity can be expected to play an important role in future close range defense and air defense, anti-missile field.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129908576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Thrust Characteristics Investigation of Double-Side Plate Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor for EML","authors":"B. Kou, Hongxin Wu, Liyi Li","doi":"10.1109/elt.2008.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/elt.2008.53","url":null,"abstract":"Electromagnetic launch (EML) system has such advantages as high thrust, good controllability, reusable, etc., and so it will be widely used in the future. As a launching motor, a double-side plate Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor (PMLSM) can provide high instantaneous thrust. According to the characteristics of the EML, this paper studies the thrust characteristics of double-side plate PMLSM. Analyzes the thrust and thrust ripple characteristics in different conditions including: phase current, length of air-gap, height of secondary permanent magnet and pole arc efficient. The analysis results provide a foundation for the optimum design of electromagnetic launcher.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"207 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120885365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ICCOS Counter-Current Thyristor High-Power Opening Switch for Currents up to 28 kA","authors":"P. Dedié, S. Scharnholz, V. Brommer","doi":"10.1109/elt.2008.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/elt.2008.103","url":null,"abstract":"Inductive energy storage systems require opening switches, being technically much more difficult to realize than closing switches. Most advanced state-of-the-art semiconductor devices, namely integrated gate-commutated thyristors (IGCTs), are capable of breaking currents in the order of 4 kA. However, the ISL has developed a high-power opening switch based on standard high-power thyristors and using our so-called ICCOS counter-current commutation principle. These ICCOS opening switches, being capable of interrupting pulse currents up to 28 kA, exploit the general property of thyristors that falling short of the holding current puts a thyristor into its blocking state. For this, a well-dimensioned counter-current pulse is injected, via an elaborate circuit, into the thyristor being in its conducting state. A 50 muF capacitor is used as counter-current pulse source, as well as a fast current rise thyristor and a fast recovery diode for the counter-current subcircuit. The counter-current energy stored in the dedicated capacitor is not lost in the switching process but fed into the load, in addition to the main circuit energy. The realized ICCOS switch-off time is about 30 mus.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"232 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124187143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fenglin Yao, Jun Li, Yingchun Gui, Peizhu Liu, Shizhong Li, Jiannian Dong, Mingan Zhang, P. Yan
{"title":"Development of 120-mm Electro-Thermal Chemical Launcher","authors":"Fenglin Yao, Jun Li, Yingchun Gui, Peizhu Liu, Shizhong Li, Jiannian Dong, Mingan Zhang, P. Yan","doi":"10.1109/elt.2008.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/elt.2008.29","url":null,"abstract":"The unique properties of the plasma utilized in ETC guns, such as the low viscosity, high momentum and high temperature, can lead to a more uniform ignition over the entire cartridge volume, even in large-caliber guns. Since 2002, the united research group leaded by Beijing Institute of Special Electromechanical Technology (BISET) has completed a lot of experiments with a novel surface discharge plasma igniter, which generates plasma from a cylindrical surface and distributes it through radial port. The results of these experiments have shown this igniter can present perfect ignition. This paper presents an overview of this ETC program including the igniter, pulsed power supply, 120 mm ETC launchers, and some experimental results. The further experimental studies are being continued.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124622520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on Inter-Stage Coupling of 3-Stage Reconnection Electromagnetic Launching System","authors":"Liyi Li, Xiaopeng Li, Qiguo Li, Tao Yu, Peng Li","doi":"10.1109/elt.2008.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/elt.2008.70","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-stage reconnection electromagnetic launcher is not a simple addition of some single-stage launching systems, there is a stage coupling between each driving coils. In this paper, the mathematical models of single and multi-stage reconnection electromagnetic launchers are described in detail, and the interstage coupling at different velocities is discussed respectively. The inter-stage coupling coefficient is very small when the velocity is low, and it increases as the velocity increases.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125062227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Schneider, O. Liebfried, V. Stankevič, S. Balevičius, N. Žurauskienė
{"title":"Magnetic Diffusion in Railguns: Measurements Using CMR-Based Sensors","authors":"M. Schneider, O. Liebfried, V. Stankevič, S. Balevičius, N. Žurauskienė","doi":"10.1109/elt.2008.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/elt.2008.55","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic diffusion is of great importance in the domain of electromechanical energy conversion since it can be a performance-limiting mechanism. This paper deals with magnetic diffusion in the case of the rails of a railgun. The experiments benefit from the use of a new type of high magnetic field sensor based on thin (<1 mum) manganite films, which exhibits the colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) effect and has very small sensitive areas (e. g., 0.5 mm x 50 mum). Some basics about CMR and the design of the sensor are given. Several sensors were used and calibrated in the course of static transient railgun experiments. Here, varying spatial field distributions due to the use of different rail materials were recorded. Magnetic field measurements during railgun operation with projectile velocities exceeding 1000 m/s have been successfully performed. By comparison with 3D FE-calculations interesting results concerning magnetic diffusion have been worked out.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129387477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}